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Psychological Disorders 1 PSYCH 1XX3
Notes for Psychological Disorders for PSYCH 1XX3
Course
Foundations of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour (PSYCH 1XX3)
999+ Documents
Students shared 1058 documents in this course
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McMaster University
Academic year: 2022/2023
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Psychological Disorders 1 PSYCH 1FF
What is an Abnormality?
Abnormal varies from person to person
The Four D’s (ThESE ARE GUILDINES)
Deviance
“Having thoughts emotions and behaviours that fall far outside of the
standards of what others are doing”
People with Psychological disorders deviate in some way from typical
behaviour of others
People who fall well below and well under the standard of the group
are also deviant.
Distress
Intense feelings of anxiety, sadness, and despair may be indicative of
a psychological disorder
Person free of distress does not mean they are psychologically
healthy
Dysfunction
Can no longer complete da to day tasks (Work, jog, shop, etc)
Are Maladaptive (Prevent the individual from adapting to their
environment)
People can voluntarily dysfunction, does not mean they have a
psychological disorder (Hunger strike or Protest)
Danger (Suicide, self-harm, Drug Addiction, Violence towards others)
Either to Oneself or Others
Violence
Danger alone does not mean a Psychological disorder exists
Participating in Extreme Sports
Eating unhealthy after a days work
Sedentary Lifestyle (Inactive)
Classifying Disorders
DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Module) is a standard diagnostic tool
(Has gone under many Revisions)
Has a categorical organization (Short Tall) very strict guidlines
Uses a Dimensional model as well (items differ from each other in
degree)
Autism, Asberger Syndrome, and Childhood Disintegrative
disorder all fall under the category of Autism Spectrum Disorder
DSM-5 Relies to heavily on the catagorical model
Individuals who present subclinical symptoms of depression not
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not severe enough would not qualify for treatment
Cormobidity - the coexistence of two or more disorders at the same time.
The DSM-5 Has a high level of Comorbidity with many of its diagnoses
Symptoms are too similar to one another where 1 person commonly
presents with more than 1 disorder
(i people with cough, sore throat, and runny nose have the cold but is it
possible that people with anxiety, depression, anorexia have something
else? (Higher?))
Epidemiology - Distribution of health related states within a population
Depend on sex and culture
Depression is 2 times as common in women than men.
Prognosis - Probable Cause of an illness Acute - Short term and fast onset Chornic - Long term and slow onset Episodic - Coming and going
Prevanalnce = number of people with a characteristic of interest/ sample size ] Point prevalence —> number of people who have a disorder within a specific time frame. Annual Prevalence —> number of people who have or have had a disorder within the past year Lifetime prevalence —> number of people who have or have had a disorder within their life time.
*Statistics can be cherry picked
Symptomology - collection of any behaviours throughout or feeling that may be a potential indicator of a specific psychological disorder.
Heterogeneity - The possibility that two people diagnosed with the same
disorder may experience different symptoms.
JOHN
Unipolar Depression (Major depressive disorder)
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Feels that thoughts are being manipulated
Usually acute
Disorganized thinkings
Problems in organizing ideas
Communication Abnormalities
Underlying abilities in logic dysfunction.
Frantic Motor Movements seemingly with no purpose (Catatonia)
Increase in Frantic movements (Catatonic Excitement)
Decrease in Frantic Movements (Catatonic Stupor)
Negative
Absence of typical behaviours.
Loss of speech
Loss os pleasure
Less interested in people
More interested in thoughts and fantasies.
Estrangement from family and friends with some neglect
The 5 A’s
Alogia
Reduction in speech (Poverty of speech)
Anhedonia
Inability to Feel Pleasure
Flat/blunt Affect
Very little emotional responsiveness
Asociality
Inability to engage in social interaction
Avolition
Lack of motivation
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Psychological Disorders 1 PSYCH 1XX3
Course: Foundations of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour (PSYCH 1XX3)
999+ Documents
Students shared 1058 documents in this course
University: McMaster University
Was this document helpful?
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Psychological Disorders 1 PSYCH 1FF3
What is an Abnormality?
Abnormal varies from person to person
The Four D’s (ThESE ARE GUILDINES)
Deviance
“Having thoughts emotions and behaviours that fall far outside of the
standards of what others are doing”
People with Psychological disorders deviate in some way from typical
behaviour of others
People who fall well below and well under the standard of the group
are also deviant.
Distress
Intense feelings of anxiety, sadness, and despair may be indicative of
a psychological disorder
Person free of distress does not mean they are psychologically
healthy
Dysfunction
Can no longer complete da to day tasks (Work, jog, shop, etc)
Are Maladaptive (Prevent the individual from adapting to their
environment)
People can voluntarily dysfunction, does not mean they have a
psychological disorder (Hunger strike or Protest)
Danger (Suicide, self-harm, Drug Addiction, Violence towards others)
Either to Oneself or Others
Violence
Danger alone does not mean a Psychological disorder exists
Participating in Extreme Sports
Eating unhealthy after a days work
Sedentary Lifestyle (Inactive)
Classifying Disorders
DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Module) is a standard diagnostic tool
(Has gone under many Revisions)
Has a categorical organization (Short Tall) very strict guidlines
Uses a Dimensional model as well (items differ from each other in
degree)
Autism, Asberger Syndrome, and Childhood Disintegrative
disorder all fall under the category of Autism Spectrum Disorder
DSM-5 Relies to heavily on the catagorical model
Individuals who present subclinical symptoms of depression not
