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Lung Mechanics 2

Lung Mechanics 2
Module

Foundations of Biomedical Science 1

221 Documents
Students shared 221 documents in this course
Academic year: 2018/2019
Uploaded by:
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This document has been uploaded by a student, just like you, who decided to remain anonymous.
King's College London

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Outline the effects on lung volumes of changes in stiffness of the lungs

Lung Compliance Compliance measures stiffness of lung ↓Compliance = ↑Effort for same volume

Volume of a lung during expiration is a little larger, for the same transmural pressure, than during inspiration Functional Residual Capacity (FRC), the regular amount we breathe in from, at this point th gradient has steeply increased, meaning compliance of the lung has increased, at normal V At the peak of the curve, compliance falls sharply

Factors Affecting Lung Compliance Typical value for adult male -1.5L- Lung fibrosis/Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - Low compliance Emphysema (tissue destruction) - High compliance (not good)

Lung Mechanics 2

Tuesday, 22 January 2019 16:

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Effects of Surfactant Increases compliance Reduces tendency of alveoli to collapse Reduces tendency to suck fluid into alveoli

Describe simple tests of lung function; spirometry, FEV1/FVC and peak

expiratory flow rate

Spirometry Subject holds breath so that there is no flow, so that volume breathed in can be measured

Forced Expiratory Volume vs Time (FEV 1 /FVC) Peak flow, l- Patient takes kit and takes a big breath and blows out hard and fast Normally FEV 1 /FVC > 75% FEV 1 is the volume out at 1 second, and FVC is max volume expired

Healthy: FEV 1 , FVC and FEV 1 /FVC normal Obstructive Disease: ↓↓FEV 1 , FVC normal, ↓FEV 1 /FVC Restrictive Disease: ↓FEV 1 , ↓FVC, FEV 1 /FVC normal

Maximum Flow-Volume Loops

Healthy COPD - Concave appearance of FEV curve, airway obstruction Restrictive - Low peak flow rates related to low volume

Understand how FEV1/FVC and peak expiratory flow rate is affected by che

wall and pulmonary restriction

Understand how FEV1/FVC and peak expiratory flow rate is affected by airf

obstruction

Asthma Narrowed airways Bronchoconstriction Mucosal oedema Normal alveoli Reversible

est

flow

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Lung Mechanics 2

Module: Foundations of Biomedical Science 1

221 Documents
Students shared 221 documents in this course

University: King's College London

Was this document helpful?
Outline the effects on lung volumes of changes in stiffness of the lungs
Lung Compliance
Compliance measures stiffness of lung
↓Compliance = ↑Effort for same volume
Volume of a lung during expiration is a little larger, for the same transmural pressure, than
during inspiration
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC), the regular amount we breathe in from, at this point th
gradient has steeply increased, meaning compliance of the lung has increased, at normal V
At the peak of the curve, compliance falls sharply
Factors Affecting Lung Compliance
Typical value for adult male - 1.5L.kPa-1
Lung fibrosis/Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - Low compliance
Emphysema (tissue destruction) - High compliance (not good)
Lung Mechanics 2
Tuesday, 22 January 2019
16:24

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