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EXAM 3 Review Pharmacology

Pt. 2 to Exam 3 review
Course

Pharmacology II (NUR 354)

409 Documents
Students shared 409 documents in this course
Academic year: 2022/2023
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Arizona College of Nursing

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PHARM II

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EXAM 3 Review Pharmacology

CHOLESTEROL Lifestyle changes  Decrease saturated fats (low fat diet)  Exercise more  Smoking cessation  Decrease weight (BMI)

Statin drugs: What is something that we need to immediately talk to the physician about  Effect the kidneys -> Creatinine (elevated) -Acute  Decreased urine output – Acute  Long term effects will be liver problems On a statin, for 3 months, what lab value should I be getting regularly?  LFTs-> AST &ALT

If I give you cholesterol medication it is to prevent what?  Decrease cholesterol and fats in the arteries  Coronary artery disease

Niacin  Vitamin B used to synthesize energy  The heart and the brain need energy -> think NERVOUS SYTEM  Flushing with niacin is due to blood being pushed to the skin and everything o Causes vasodilation and brings the blood to the skin o Flushing is normal -> that shit is working  This medication is not regulated because it is a “vitamin”  Teach the patient to take an aspirin before niacin o 30 minutes prior o Platelet aggregate (will decrease clotting)  The patient may stop the medication because of the flushing, and this can increase the cholesterol levels and this leads to further issues

What medication excretes the cholesterol?  Bile acid sequestrants

Gemfibrozil  Fibric medication  Lowers triglycerides and cholesterol  Common side effects o Stomach pain o Loss of sexual interest

o Stomach pain o Painful urination o Numbness and tingling o Dizziness and blurred vision  Increased risk of gall stones  Lab values every 6 months o Notify the provider if triglycerides are above 200

True or False? Are statins safe during pregnancy?  NOPE

Atorvastatin  Do not take if pregnant  Do not take if you have a kidney or liver disease Side effects:  Muscle weakness  Liver  Kidney  Myalgia  Rhabdo Blood draws:  1-2 months  6-12 weeks  Yearly

(Questran) Cholestyramine  Bile acid Sequestrant  Binds to the feces o Abdominal pain -> POO poo  Because of blockage of the belly o Esophageal irritation -> heartburn  Give with apple sauce  2 hours before and 4 hours after

4 types of arrythmias  Sodium channel blockers – Lidocaine, procainamide  Calcium channel blockers – verapamil  Beta blockers – Propranolol, metoprolol  Potassium channel blockers – amiodarone

Treatment for heart failure is to decrease the afterload to increase contractility and cardiac output

Medication for Heart failure

Milrinone think dig  Physiological effects show better contractility and better cardiac output which means they feel better  {Positive inotropic -> increases contractility and cardiac output)  Education o Do not stop the medication if feeling better

Digoxin  Positive inotropic agent  Apical pulse o 60seconds  How will you tell if the medication is working signs? o Color o Temperature o Circulation -pulses o Perfusion  If the lungs are congested, what will you hear? o Adventitious lung sounds  Dig toxicity o Halos o Visual disturbances

What is the lab value I want to monitor when taking furosemide  Potassium level o 3-

What are the three things that beta adrenergic blockers treat?  Heart failure  Angina  Anxiety This class can cause  Bronchospasms

Beta blockers decrease the workload on the heart  Decrease the HR by decreasing the heartrate

What does verapamil do?  Calcium channel blockers  Dysrhythmics, antihypertensive, vascular head suppressants, antianginal  Dilates the coronary arteries and the VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLES o Brain, stomach, heart,

 Helps to decrease the blood pressure o Hypotension -> hold the med  IV route will cause hypotension QUICKLY

What pharmacological class is Procainamide?  Dysrhythmic -> sodium channel blocker  Lidocaine is the same class  This medication should never be stopped abruptly even if feeling better

Amiodarone -> p channel blocker -> V tach  Dysrhythmic  Restores normal rhythm and maintains normal stable HR  Used to treat what kind of life threatening arhythmic o Ventricular tachycardia WHAT IS THE BLACK BOX WARNING?  Pneumonia like symptoms o Notify the provider If the patient has A. fib you should report potassium below 3 (hypokalemia) What medication should I never ever take with amiodarone?  Digoxin  Increases Dig toxicity at 70% This medication is contraindicated for a patient with bradycardia Salt substitutes -> have potassium

If the patient is receiving lidocaine IV  Prevent dysrhythmias

Doctor has prescribed loop diuretics, what herbal med cannot be taken?  Ginseng

FUROSEMIDE

What can furosemide be used for  Hypertension  Heartfaiure  This is the only medication safe to take with kidney disease.

If preload is diuretics -> decreases fluids What type of medication would you need -> vasodilator decreases the afterload? Decrease cardiac output and workload on the heart

If I am assessing for hypokalemia, what do I assess?  ECG o Dysrhythmia and palpitation

 12hrs from onset of symptoms  4-6 HRs is therapeutic Side effect:  Bleeding  Bruising  HA  Black tarry stool  Coffee ground emesis  Hematuria – dark brown

Antibiotic and loop diuretic would cause:  Tinnitus

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EXAM 3 Review Pharmacology

Course: Pharmacology II (NUR 354)

409 Documents
Students shared 409 documents in this course

University: Arizona College of Nursing

Was this document helpful?
EXAM 3 Review Pharmacology
CHOLESTEROL
Lifestyle changes
Decrease saturated fats (low fat diet)
Exercise more
Smoking cessation
Decrease weight (BMI)
Statin drugs:
What is something that we need to immediately talk to the physician about
Effect the kidneys -> Creatinine (elevated) -Acute
Decreased urine output – Acute
Long term effects will be liver problems
On a statin, for 3 months, what lab value should I be getting regularly?
LFTs-> AST &ALT
If I give you cholesterol medication it is to prevent what?
Decrease cholesterol and fats in the arteries
Coronary artery disease
Niacin
Vitamin B used to synthesize energy
The heart and the brain need energy -> think NERVOUS SYTEM
Flushing with niacin is due to blood being pushed to the skin and everything
oCauses vasodilation and brings the blood to the skin
oFlushing is normal -> that shit is working
This medication is not regulated because it is a “vitamin”
Teach the patient to take an aspirin before niacin
o30 minutes prior
oPlatelet aggregate (will decrease clotting)
The patient may stop the medication because of the flushing, and this can increase the
cholesterol levels and this leads to further issues
What medication excretes the cholesterol?
Bile acid sequestrants
Gemfibrozil
Fibric medication
Lowers triglycerides and cholesterol
Common side effects
oStomach pain
oLoss of sexual interest

Students also viewed

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