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Practice set 9 lecs 14-21 - Fall 2023 Intro to Cell & Molecular Biol (BIOL-113-A0-B0)

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Basic Biology (BIOL 111)

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Campbell University

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Practice set 9: Covers lectures Complete each set of questions as we advance through the course material. Every question in this exam is connected! Chevonne and Darrel have a ba boy named Ben that quickly begins to develop recurrent bacterial respiratory infections. After genetic testing they find out that Ben has common variable immune deficiency (CVID8). Common variable immune deficiency (CVID8) is an autosomal recessive genetic illness. Individuals with the disease have two copies of the mutated lrba allele, located on chromosome 4. Affected individuals do not produce enough antibodies and thus suffer from recurrent bacterial and viral infections. Further genetic testing reveals that: Both Darrel and Chevonne each have one copy of the mutated recessive lrba allele and one normal copy of LRBA, located on chromosome 4. Darrel has one copy of the mutated recessive cf allele, located on chromosome 7. Having two mutated recessive cf alleles leads to the development of cystic fibrosis, a different genetic illness. Questions cover lectures 1. One of the respiratory infections that Ben is continuously suffering from is caused the Moraxella catarrhalis bacteria. Moraxella catarrhalis has a normally operating lac operon system. When there is a high concentration of lactose and a low concentration of glucose in the environment, which genes in the lac operon are expressed? a) lacI, lacZ, lacY b) lacI c) lacZ, lacY 2. In addition, when there is a high concentration of lactose and a low concentration of glucose in the environment, which molecules are active? a) CAP b) RNA polymerase c) CAP, cAMP d) CAP, cAMP, RNA polymerase Questions cover lectures 3. How did sex chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate (metaphase I) during meiosis of his sperm? Practice set 9: Covers lectures Complete each set of questions as we advance through the course material. Every question in this exam is connected! Chevonne and Darrel have a ba boy named Ben that quickly begins to develop recurrent bacterial respiratory infections. After genetic testing they find out that Ben has common variable immune deficiency (CVID8). Common variable immune deficiency (CVID8) is an autosomal recessive genetic illness. Individuals with the disease have two copies of the mutated lrba allele, located on chromosome 4. Affected individuals do not produce enough antibodies and thus suffer from recurrent bacterial and viral infections. Further genetic testing reveals that: Both Darrel and Chevonne each have one copy of the mutated recessive lrba allele and one normal copy of LRBA, located on chromosome 4. Darrel has one copy of the mutated recessive cf allele, located on chromosome 7. Having two mutated recessive cf alleles leads to the development of cystic fibrosis, a different genetic illness. Questions cover lectures 1. One of the respiratory infections that Ben is continuously suffering from is caused the Moraxella catarrhalis bacteria. Moraxella catarrhalis has a normally operating lac operon system. When there is a high concentration of lactose and a low concentration of glucose in the environment, which genes in the lac operon are expressed? a) lacI, lacZ, lacY b) lacI c) lacZ, lacY 2. In addition, when there is a high concentration of lactose and a low concentration of glucose in the environment, which molecules are active? a) CAP b) RNA polymerase c) CAP, cAMP d) CAP, cAMP, RNA polymerase Questions cover lectures 3. How did sex chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate (metaphase I) during meiosis of his sperm? A B Sex Sex chromosomes chromosomes chromosome chromosome (autosome) showed for (autosome) showed for reference. reference. XX C D Sex Sex chromosomes chromosomes sly chromosome chromosome (autosome) showed for (autosome) showed for XIX reference. reference. 4. The genetic testing also revealed that Ben has two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome (XXY) a condition called syndrome. The source of syndrome was most likely an error during meiosis of egg. What did the resulting cells of meiosis I look like during meiosis of egg (that eventually developed into Ben)? A B Sex Sex chromosomes chromosomes chromosome Nonzsex chromosome (autosome) showed for (autosome) showed for reference. reference. D C Sex Sex chromosomes chromosomes X X Non sex chromosome chromosome (autosome) showed for (autosome) showed fo reference. reference. 5. Remember, both Darrel and Chevonne each have one copy of the mutated recessive lrba gene and one normal copy of LRBA. Darrel also finds out that he is heterozygous for the Peak gene, with T representing the dominant allele and t representing the recessive allele. He is also A B Sex Sex chromosomes chromosomes chromosome chromosome (autosome) showed for (autosome) showed for reference. reference. XX C D Sex Sex chromosomes chromosomes sly chromosome chromosome (autosome) showed for (autosome) showed for XIX reference. reference. 4. The genetic testing also revealed that Ben has two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome (XXY) a condition called syndrome. The source of syndrome was most likely an error during meiosis of egg. What did the resulting cells of meiosis I look like during meiosis of egg (that eventually developed into Ben)? A B Sex Sex chromosomes chromosomes chromosome Nonzsex chromosome (autosome) showed for (autosome) showed for reference. reference. D C Sex Sex chromosomes chromosomes X X Non sex chromosome chromosome (autosome) showed for (autosome) showed fo reference. reference. 5. Remember, both Darrel and Chevonne each have one copy of the mutated recessive lrba gene and one normal copy of LRBA. Darrel also finds out that he is heterozygous for the Peak gene, with T representing the dominant allele and t representing the recessive allele. He is also this cross, how many gametic combination of will need to be represented? How many gametic combinations of Chevonne will need to be represented? a) Darrel: 4. Chevonne: 4. b) Darrel: 4. Chevonne: 2. c) Darrel: 1. Chevonne: 2. d) Darrel: 1. Chevonne. 4. 8. What are the chances that their new ba will have CVID8? What are the chances that their new ba will be a carrier for cystic fibrosis? a) chance of CVID8. chance of carrying cf. b) chance of CVID8. chance of carrying cf. c) chance of CVID8. chance of carrying cf. d) 0 chance of CVID8. 0 chance of carrying cf. Questions 9 covers lecture 21. 9. In addition to the mutation described above, the mutated lrba allele is also shorter than the normal allele. So scientists can use PCR and gel electrophoresis to detect the presence of the mutated allele. When sibling is born, doctors use PCR to confirm that he did not inherit the mutated lrba allele. Which of the following features of PCR ensures that only the Irba gene is amplified and not the entire genome? a) Heating to separate DNA strands b) Gel electrophoresis c) Primer design Questions cover lectures 10. Remember that CVID8 is caused having two copies of the mutated lrba gene. The normal LRBA gene sequence is: LRBA This is the strand that RNA polymerase binds to. Therefore, it is the a) Coding DNA strand b) Template DNA strand c) mRNA strand. 11. At what point does the RNA polymerase begin transcription? a) b) TAC c) CGC this cross, how many gametic combination of will need to be represented? How many gametic combinations of Chevonne will need to be represented? a) Darrel: 4. Chevonne: 4. b) Darrel: 4. Chevonne: 2. c) Darrel: 1. Chevonne: 2. d) Darrel: 1. Chevonne. 4. 8. What are the chances that their new ba will have CVID8? What are the chances that their new ba will be a carrier for cystic fibrosis? a) chance of CVID8. chance of carrying cf. b) chance of CVID8. chance of carrying cf. c) chance of CVID8. chance of carrying cf. d) 0 chance of CVID8. 0 chance of carrying cf. Questions 9 covers lecture 21. 9. In addition to the mutation described above, the mutated lrba allele is also shorter than the normal allele. So scientists can use PCR and gel electrophoresis to detect the presence of the mutated allele. When sibling is born, doctors use PCR to confirm that he did not inherit the mutated lrba allele. Which of the following features of PCR ensures that only the Irba gene is amplified and not the entire genome? a) Heating to separate DNA strands b) Gel electrophoresis c) Primer design Questions cover lectures 10. Remember that CVID8 is caused having two copies of the mutated lrba gene. The normal LRBA gene sequence is: LRBA This is the strand that RNA polymerase binds to. Therefore, it is the a) Coding DNA strand b) Template DNA strand c) mRNA strand. 11. At what point does the RNA polymerase begin transcription? a) b) TAC c) CGC 12. What will be the first several ribonucleotides in the resulting mRNA? a) b) c) AUGCGCGAG d) AUGCGCGAG 13. is the termination signal? a) UAA b) TAC c) 14. During translation, the aminoacyl tRNA that brings in the corresponding amino acid for the start codon, will the site in the ribosome and will contain the anticodon sequence . a) A site. AUG b) A site. TAC c) P site. AUG d) P site. UAC 15. The normal and mutated lrba gene sequences are: LRBA Irba Locate the point mutation directly following the DNA that codes the start codon. What kind of change will that create in the resulting amino acid chain? (Look at the diagram in the provided PowerPoint slide for an comparison.) a) THR in the normal amino acid chain becomes ALA in the mutated amino acid chain. This will have a mild effect. b) THR in the normal amino acid chain becomes ALA in the mutated amino acid chain. This will have a severe effect. c) ARG in the normal amino acid chain becomes CYS in the mutated amino acid chain. This will have a mild effect. d) ARG in the normal amino acid chain becomes CYS in the mutated amino acid chain. This will have a severe effect. 16. The LRBA gene is fully expressed in T and B immune cells. However, although transcribed and translated in white blood cells, the resulting amino acid chain rarely becomes a functional protein. Which of the following regulatory features could be responsible for this? 12. What will be the first several ribonucleotides in the resulting mRNA? a) b) c) AUGCGCGAG d) AUGCGCGAG 13. is the termination signal? a) UAA b) TAC c) 14. During translation, the aminoacyl tRNA that brings in the corresponding amino acid for the start codon, will the site in the ribosome and will contain the anticodon sequence . a) A site. AUG b) A site. TAC c) P site. AUG d) P site. UAC 15. The normal and mutated lrba gene sequences are: LRBA Irba Locate the point mutation directly following the DNA that codes the start codon. What kind of change will that create in the resulting amino acid chain? (Look at the diagram in the provided PowerPoint slide for an comparison.) a) THR in the normal amino acid chain becomes ALA in the mutated amino acid chain. This will have a mild effect. b) THR in the normal amino acid chain becomes ALA in the mutated amino acid chain. This will have a severe effect. c) ARG in the normal amino acid chain becomes CYS in the mutated amino acid chain. This will have a mild effect. d) ARG in the normal amino acid chain becomes CYS in the mutated amino acid chain. This will have a severe effect. 16. The LRBA gene is fully expressed in T and B immune cells. However, although transcribed and translated in white blood cells, the resulting amino acid chain rarely becomes a functional protein. Which of the following regulatory features could be responsible for this?

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