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Study Guide for Regular World Geography Fall 2022 Final Exam
Basic Biology (BIOL 111)
Campbell University
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Study Guide for Regular World Geography Fall 2022 Final Exam
JMJ
Exam is Thursday, December 15th.
Prayer of St. Thomas Aquinas Before Study “Creator of all things, true source of light and wisdom, origin of all being, graciously let a ray of your light penetrate the darkness of my understanding. Take from me the double darkness in which I have been born, an obscurity of sin and ignorance. Give me a keen understanding, a retentive memory, and the ability to grasp things correctly and fundamentally. Grant me the talent of being exact in my explanations and the ability to express myself with thoroughness and charm. Point out the beginning, direct the progress, and help in the completion. I ask this through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.”
The exam will consist of:
● 70 Multiple Choice Questions o 40 questions will be content from LAPs I-V o 15 questions will be reading analysis. o 15 questions will be map identification. ● Six Short Answer Questions (see below the notes outline)
Outline of Notes:
● LAP I: Why Study History and Geography? o Elements of History/Reasons We Study History ▪ Cause and Effect: History helps us to understand how events/people are connected. ▪ Change and Continuity: History helps us to see how things change and also remain the same over time. ▪ Through Their Eyes: History helps us to understand and appreciate those who lived before. ▪ Turning Points: History helps us identify keep moments in our past. ▪ Using the Past: History helps us to learn from our past mistakes and develop the virtue of prudence (good judgment) o Themes and Characteristics of History and Civilization: ▪ Geography and Human-Environment Interaction: (GHEI)—Civilizations are defined by specific regions and localities: the geography of an area shapes the development of the history and culture of civilizations in that area. ▪ Religion, Philosophy, and Culture: (RPC)—Religion and ideas fundamentally shape the culture of civilization and are spread, exchanged, and changed through the complex interactions of cultural diffusion. ▪ Government and Social Structure (Political Man): (GSS)—Following Aristotle, humans are fundamentally political (social) creatures (they are born into a family) and they organize themselves through various complex relationships. ▪ Economies and Trade: (ET)—The mutual dependency of people and civilizations via the exchange of goods and services and subsequently, the features of culture, are a basic driving force of human civilization. ▪ Military and Conquest (Humans in Conflict): (MC)—The conflict over limited resources and the ambitions of leaders are constant features of human civilization. ▪ Technology and Innovation: (TI)—Technological innovation is a uniquely human application of knowledge and often is the demarcation for new eras of history, and yet
technology can be inherently good, bad, or neutral with a simultaneous unequal gain and loss with each new development. o Level Questions: ▪ Level One: Fact-based and can involve one fact or a string of facts. ▪ What was the Roman Legion? ▪ Level Two: Informed opinion or argument supported by Level One information from the document or historical event. ▪ Why did the Great Depression happen? ▪ How did the Great Depression effect the society of the United States? ▪ Level Three: The “Big” questions of life; questions of morality, right and wrong, philosophy, often brings in personal experience. ▪ What is the proper role of government? ▪ Can we apply moral judgments to the study of history? Why or why not? o “What is History?” ▪ Disciplines Related to the Study of History: ● Economics, Geography, Sociology, Anthropology, Archaeology ▪ What does an historian do? (compiling, analyzing, interpreting) ▪ How does he do what he does? (Historian as detective, Phenomenon) ▪ Artifacts ▪ Primary and Secondary Sources o “What is Geography?” ▪ How do history and geography relate to each other? ▪ Cartography o Tools of Geography ▪ Map ▪ Globe ▪ Legend ▪ Scale o Biomes o Types of Maps ▪ Physical ▪ Political ▪ Resource o Human-Environment Interaction with examples.
● LAP II: Prehistory and the First Humans o The Big Bang Theory: ▪ Father Georges Lemaitre o Dates: ▪ 14 Billion, 4 Billion, 3 Billion, 1 Billion, 541 Million, 250-65 Million, 5 million, 200,000. (Be sure to know what they each correspond to) o Definition of Prehistory o Radiocarbon Dating o The Ice Age: ▪ Causes and Effects o Significance of Australopithecus afarensis. o Similarities and differences between Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons. o “The Rise of Civilization”: ▪ Paloelithic Age: ● 2 Million ● Meanings of paleo and lithic ▪ Mesolithic: ● Taming of Dog
▪ Gupta ▪ Kushan o Chinese Dynastic Cycle: ▪ The Four Steps ▪ Zhou ▪ Qin ● Emperor Shihuangdi o Role of Confucianism vs. Legalism
● LAP V: Democracy and Republics o Athenian Democracy: ▪ Monarchy🠀Oligarchy🠀Tyranny🠀Democracy ▪ Monarchy: ● Periphas ● Theseus ● Menestheus o Oligarchy: ▪ Archons: ● Draco ● Solon o Tyranny: ▪ Peisistratus o Democracy: ▪ Cleisthenes ▪ Pericles ▪ Assembly ▪ Council of 500 ▪ Sortition o The Roman Republic: ▪ Overthrow of the Etruscans: ● Horatio at the Bridge o The Twelve Tables o SPQR o Benefits of Roman Citizenship o The Conflict of the Orders: ▪ Patricians ▪ Plebeians o The Senate o The Council of Plebs or Assemblies o Magistrates: ▪ Consuls ▪ Praetors ▪ Tribunes ▪ Censors o Role of Dictator: ▪ Cincinnatus o The Roman Empire: ▪ The seven events leading to the destruction of the Roman Republic and establishment of the Roman Empire: ● The Gracchi:
▪ Assassination of Tribunes who were attempting reforms ● Social War: ▪ Roman Citizenship ● First Roman Civil War: ▪ Marius vs. Sulla ● The Servile Wars: ▪ Spartacus ● The Catalinarian Conspiracy: ▪ Cataline ▪ Cicero ● The Second Roman Civil War: ▪ The First Triumvirate ▪ Julius Caesar vs. Pompey ▪ “Crossing the Rubicon” ● The Third Roman Civil War: ▪ The Ides of March and Assassination of Julius Caesar ▪ The Second Triumvirate ▪ Octavian vs. Marc Antony and Cleopatra ● Augustus and the Pax Romana
●
Six Short Answer Questions: (you must answer all six questions; you can use bullet points, charts, diagrams, illustrations, and/or short sentences in your answer; make sure you are thoroughly answering each question)
- List and describe the causes and results of the Neolithic Revolution.
- Compare and contrast the Assyrian and Persians Imperial Systems of government. What different approaches did they take to ruling over vast and diverse empires? Which system was more successful?
- Compare and contrast the law code of Hammurabi and the Babylonians with the Hebrew’s Ten Commandments.
- Explain Confucianism and Legalism by taking a side in the debate between these two political philosophies; make a case for one against the other using evidence we discussed.
- Compare and contrast Athenian Democracy with the Roman Republic. Describe in detail how each form of government worked including the structure, governmental positions like magistrates, and the tension and conflict between various groups in Athens and Rome.
- Trace the events leading to the demise of the Roman Republic and its reorganization into the Roman Empire. Choose TWO of the following seven events to include in your answer: the Gracchi, the Social War, the FRCW, the Servile Wars, the Catilinarian Conspiracy, the SRCW, and TRCW. Describe how the events eventually led to the rise to rule of Augustus as the first emperor.
Study Guide for Regular World Geography Fall 2022 Final Exam
Course: Basic Biology (BIOL 111)
University: Campbell University
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