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Chemo drugs
Chemo drugs to help memorize for unit tests
Course
Family Concepts (NUR 212)
63 Documents
Students shared 63 documents in this course
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Forsyth Technical Community College
Academic year: 2022/2023
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Chemo Drugs Unit 8:
- Alkylating Agents: o Prototype- cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) o Causes DNA strands to tighten up together which reduces cell division o Broad spectrum used for many types of cancer o Causes renal failure in some pt, hemorrhagic cystitis (hemorrhage bladder inflammation) (hematuria!) o When on this med pt are hospitalized for a period of time, send urine samples to lab q 6hrs usually o Pay attention to monitoring urine closely (including output, blood) & keeping pt hydrated
- Antimetabolites: o Prototype: 5 fluorouracil (Adrucil) o Fools cancer cells into ingesting them instead of usual nourishment; stops cells from dividing o Causes neutropenia (low WBC & immunity) = high susceptibility to infection o Teaching- avoid crowds, stay avoid from sick people, hand hygiene, monitor wounds, good nutrition, all infection prevention, no raw/uncooked foods, no live flowers o Can cause stomatitis (inflammation of mouth& lips) = horrible mouth sores & in throat to the point where they can’t ingest food sometimes; stomatitis can be an early sign of medication toxicity
- Antitumor Antibiotics: o Prototype: doxorubicin (Adriamycin) o Severe Vesicants, can cause severe tissue damage if in contact w/ tissue rather than going through circulatory sys (IV not functioning good) o Blood return will tell you if you are in the vessel, that it’s a good IV o Damages cell DNA & interrupts DNA or RNA synthesis o Can become cardiotoxic- can happen very suddenly
o When a pt takes this a nurse stands at their bedside for at least 15 minutes (this is typically done w/ all chemo meds but it is esp important w/ this one bc pt can have lethal dysrhythmias)
- Natural Products/ Antimitotic: o Prototype: vincristine (Oncovin) o Interferes with mitosis o Worry about areas of nervous sys, sensory issues: pt can develop paralytic ileus, severe peripheral neuropathy (trade off of cancer for neuropathy, pt will develop it) o Physical assessment very important, decreased bowel sound can be 1st side effect o SE: I’ve Been Walking w/ Cristine & it sure did make my feet numb
- Hormones/ Hormone Antagonists: o Prototype: tamoxifen (Nolvadex) o Some tumors grow in response to hormone levels such as estrogen, so hormone levels get decreased as treatment o Decreases estrogen, helps treat breast cancer o SE: increased risk for DVTs/clots, increases risk for uterine cancer o Less cytotoxic than other antineoplastics
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Chemo drugs
Course: Family Concepts (NUR 212)
63 Documents
Students shared 63 documents in this course
University: Forsyth Technical Community College
Was this document helpful?
Chemo Drugs Unit 8:
- Alkylating Agents:
oPrototype- cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
oCauses DNA strands to tighten up together which reduces cell division
oBroad spectrum used for many types of cancer
oCauses renal failure in some pt, hemorrhagic cystitis (hemorrhage bladder
inflammation) (hematuria!)
oWhen on this med pt are hospitalized for a period of time, send urine samples to
lab q 6hrs usually
oPay attention to monitoring urine closely (including output, blood) & keeping pt
hydrated
- Antimetabolites:
oPrototype: 5 fluorouracil (Adrucil)
oFools cancer cells into ingesting them instead of usual nourishment; stops cells
from dividing
oCauses neutropenia (low WBC & immunity) = high susceptibility to infection
oTeaching- avoid crowds, stay avoid from sick people, hand hygiene, monitor
wounds, good nutrition, all infection prevention, no raw/uncooked foods, no live
flowers
oCan cause stomatitis (inflammation of mouth& lips) = horrible mouth sores & in
throat to the point where they can’t ingest food sometimes; stomatitis can be an
early sign of medication toxicity
- Antitumor Antibiotics:
oPrototype: doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
oSevere Vesicants, can cause severe tissue damage if in contact w/ tissue rather
than going through circulatory sys (IV not functioning good)
oBlood return will tell you if you are in the vessel, that it’s a good IV
oDamages cell DNA & interrupts DNA or RNA synthesis
oCan become cardiotoxic- can happen very suddenly
