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Copy of Hugo Poillion - Pond Ecosystem

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Academic year: 2021/2022
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Hugo Poillion
Harvey Mudd College
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Name: Date:

Student Exploration: Pond Ecosystem

Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and prompts in the orange boxes.

Vocabulary: abiotic factor, algal bloom, biotic factor, concentration, eutrophication, mean, oxygen, parts per million, photosynthesis

Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)

  1. All animals need oxygen. We get oxygen from the air we breathe. How do fish get theirs?

fish get their oxygen from dissolved oxygen

  1. Where does the “fizz” in soda come from? the chemicals

Gizmo Warm-up The Pond Ecosystem Gizmo lets you study ponds as an ecologist would. Each of the tools can be dragged to the pond to take measurements.

  1. Drag the Thermometer to the pond at 6:00 am.

What is the water temperature? (°C) 29°C

  1. Click Fast-forward ( ) until about 12:00 pm,

and then click Pause ( ).

What is the water temperature now? (°C) 31°C

  1. Just as soda contains dissolved carbon dioxide, pond water contains dissolved oxygen. The unit for measuring the concentration (amount) of oxygen is parts per million (ppm).

Drag the Oxygen gauge to the pond. What is the concentration of oxygen? 4. ppm

  1. Drag the Fishing pole to the pond, and click Play ( ). Fish for about four hours.

How many catfish did you catch? 4

How many trout? 0

Activity A:

A day in the life of a pond

Get the Gizmo ready:

● Click Reset ( ). Remove the Fishing pole from the pond.

Introduction: The fish in a pond are affected by biotic factors such as other fish, aquatic plants, insects, and bacteria. They are also affected by abiotic factors , or nonliving factors such as temperature and the concentration of dissolved oxygen.

Question: How does the amount of dissolved oxygen in a pond change during one day?

  1. Observe: Use the Oxygen gauge to measure the concentration of dissolved oxygen at several different times. How does the oxygen concentration change over a single day?

At morning the oxygen is going up, and going from night to morning its gone down

  1. Predict: At what time should the amount of oxygen in a pond be lowest? Place an “X” in the box.

6:00AM 12:00PM(noon) X 6:00PM 12:00AM(midnight)

  1. Test: Measure the dissolved oxygen at four times during the day: 6AM, 12PM(noon), 6PM, and 12AM (midnight). Then click New pond and repeat the test for two more ponds. Record your results in the table below.

6:00AM 12:00PM 6:00PM 12:00AM Pond 1 4 5 6 3 Pond 2 4 3 4 ppm 3 Pond 3 4 5 7 5

  1. Analyze: Was your prediction correct for all three ponds? Explain.

  2. Draw conclusions: The dissolved oxygen in a pond is produced by pond plants and algae (small, plant-like organisms) in a process called photosynthesis.

A. At what time of day does photosynthesis take place?

B. What source of energy is present during this time?

C. Why does the level of dissolved oxygen go down after sunset?

Activity C:

Dissolved oxygen

Get the Gizmo ready: ● Select No farms. ● A calculator is recommended for this activity.

Question: How does temperature affect the concentration of dissolved oxygen?

1. Explore: Measure the temperature and concentration of dissolved oxygen in several ponds.

2. Form hypothesis: How does temperature affect oxygen concentrations?

3. Predict: Which ponds will have a higher average oxygen concentration, ponds cooler than 20 °C or ponds hotter than 20 °C?

  1. Test: For each pond, measure the temperature and oxygen concentration at 6:00AM. If the temperature is below 20 °C, record your results in the left table. If the temperature is above 20 °C, record your results in the right table. Continue until each table is filled.

Ponds cooler than 20 °C Ponds hotter than 20 °C 6:00AMTemp. 6:00AMOxygen 6:00AMTemp. 6:00AMOxygen

  1. Calculate: Find the mean (average) oxygen concentration for the cold ponds and for the hot ponds. To find the mean, add the three oxygen concentrations and then divide by three.

Mean oxygen level for cold ponds: Mean oxygen level for hot ponds:

  1. Draw conclusions: How does the temperature of wateraffect its ability to hold oxygen?

  2. Infer: Based on this data and what you learned in Activity B, do you think trout will be more common in warm or cool ponds? Explain.

  3. Predict: How do you think the presence of farms will affect the oxygen concentration in the ponds? Explain why you think so.

  4. Test: Check that No farms is on and the thermometer and oxygen monitor are still in the pond. Click New pond until you find a pond with a starting temperature between 20 °C and 25 °C. Record the temperature and oxygen concentration for this no-farm pond.

Now, turn off the No farms checkbox. Click New pond until you get another pond with a starting temperature between 20 °C and 25 °C. Record the temperature, number of farms, and dissolved oxygen for this pond. Repeat until you have looked at five ponds.

Temp. (6:00AM) Number of farms Oxygen (6:00AM) Pond 1 0 Pond 2 Pond 3 Pond 4 Pond 5

  1. Analyze: In the table, circle the pond with the lowestdissolved oxygen and the pond with the highest dissolved oxygen. What do you notice about the number of farms for these ponds?

  2. Draw conclusions: Based on your data, how do farmsaffect oxygen levels in the pond?

Farmers use fertilizers to increase crop growth. Many farms also produce large amounts of animal waste. When it rains, excess fertilizer and waste can run off into nearby ponds and streams. The nutrients in these substances can cause a rapid increase in algae known as an algal bloom.

When algae die, bacteria break down their remains, using up the dissolved oxygen in the water. The rapid loss of oxygen, or eutrophication , can kill fish and other wildlife living in the pond or stream.

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Copy of Hugo Poillion - Pond Ecosystem

Course: Applied Elasticity (ENGR173 HM)

University: Harvey Mudd College

Was this document helpful?
Name:
Date:
Student Exploration: Pond Ecosystem
Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and
prompts in the orange boxes.
Vocabulary: abiotic factor, algal bloom, biotic factor, concentration, eutrophication, mean, oxygen, parts per
million, photosynthesis
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
1.
All animals need oxygen. We get oxygen from
the air we breathe. How do fish get theirs?
fish get their oxygen from dissolved oxygen
2.
Where does the “fizz” in soda come from?
the chemicals
Gizmo Warm-up
The Pond Ecosystem Gizmo lets you study ponds as an ecologist
would. Each of the tools can be dragged to the pond to take
measurements.
1.
Drag the Thermometer to the pond at 6:00 am.
What is the water temperature? (°C)
29°C
2.
Click Fast-forward ( ) until about 12:00 pm,
and then click Pause ( ).
What is the water temperature now? (°C)
31°C
Just as soda contains dissolved carbon dioxide, pond water contains dissolved
oxygen. The unit for measuring the concentration (amount) of oxygen is parts per
million (ppm).
Drag the Oxygen gauge to the pond. What is the concentration of oxygen?
4.04
ppm
Drag the Fishing pole to the pond, and click Play ( ). Fish for about four hours.
How many catfish did you catch?
4
How many trout?
0
Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved

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