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Psychological disorders

Goes over abnormality and how classifying psychological disorders goes...
Course

Introduction To Psychology (PSYC 2301H)

12 Documents
Students shared 12 documents in this course
University

Lee College

Academic year: 2022/2023
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Lee College

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Psychological Disorders ● Psychological Disorders ○ Mental processes and/or behavior patterns that cause: ■ Emotional distress ■ Substantial impairment in functioning What is Abnormal? ● Explaining Abnormality ○ Evil spirits, witchcraft, and demonic possession were blamed for abnormal behavior in the past ○ At the end of the Middle Ages, asylums — special mental hospitals — were formed in Europe ■ Designed with good intentions ■ Many resulted in inhumane conditions Defining Abnormality ● Be statistically rare in the individual's culture ● Cause personal distress to the individual ● Be maladaptive ● Represent a danger to the individual or to others Insanity ● Insanity is a legal, not psychological term; it means that an individual is not legally responsible for their behavior due to a psychiatric illness or to some other temporary or permanent mental conditions ○ Mass murderer Jeffery Dahmer was ruled legally responsible, but his behaviors were clearly abnormal Classifying Psychological Disorders ● Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) ○ It is a book that list all of the disorders and the criteria for diagnosing these disorders ○ It is published every 10-15 years

Anxiety Disorders Overwhelming apprehension and fear accompanied by autonomic nervous system arousal ● Five Major Types ○ Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) ■ Chronic,excessive fear, and worry, not attached to any specific threat ■ Affects more women than men ○ Panic disorder ■ Panic attacks-an episode of overwhelming anxiety and fear ■ Pounding heart, uncontrollable trembling, shaking ○ Phobias ■ Irrational fear to something that generally poses little to no real danger. ● Agoraphobia ○ People who are scared of the outside world ● Specific phobias ● Social phobias ○ Fear of ○ Obsessive compulsive disorder ■ Obsession - thought ● Persistent involuntary thoughts/images ■ Compulsion - action ● Irresistible urges ○ Post traumatic stress disorder ■ Frequent flashbacks ■ Tend to have triggers ■ High rates of depression and suicide

■ Exaggerated and fluctuate rapidly ■ Can also be blunted ■ Flattened affect ○ Behavior ■ Unusual actions with a special meaning ■ Cataleptic Types of Schizophrenia ● Paranoid ○ Delusions (persecution and grandeur) and hallucinations (hearing voices) ● Catatonic ○ Motor disturbances (immobility or agitated, purposeless activity) and echo speech (repeating the speech of others) ● Disorganized ○ Incoherent speech, flat or exaggerated emotions, and social withdrawal (also tend to have hallucinations) ● Undifferentiated ○ Varied symptoms that meet the criteria for schizophrenia but do not fall into any of the above subtypes ● Residual ○ No longer meets the full criteria for schizophrenia but still shows some symptoms Positive symptoms ● Additions or exaggeration ○ Delusions ○ Hallucinations Negative symptoms ● Loss or absence

○ Impaired attention ○ Limited or toneless speech ○ Flat or blunted affect ○ Social withdrawal Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders ● Somatoform ○ Disorders in this category include those where the symptoms suggest a medical condition but where no medical condition can be found by a physician ■ Hypochondriasis ● Preoccupation with fears of having a serious disease based upon a misinterpretation of bodily sensations. The preoccupation exists despite assurance from a physician that the individual does not have a serious disease. ■ Body Dysmorphic Disorder ● Preoccupation with a specific body part and the belief that this body part is deformed or defective. The preoccupation is significantly excessive and causes distress or significant impairment in functioning. ● Dissociative Disorders ○ Dissociative disorders are so-called because they are marked by a dissociation from or interruption of a person’s fundamental aspect of waking consciousness (such as one’s personal identity, one’s personal history,etc.) ■ Dissociative identity disorder (DID) ● Is a severe condition in which two or more distinct identities, or personality states, are

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Psychological disorders

Course: Introduction To Psychology (PSYC 2301H)

12 Documents
Students shared 12 documents in this course

University: Lee College

Was this document helpful?
Psychological Disorders
● Psychological Disorders
○ Mental processes and/or behavior patterns that cause:
■ Emotional distress
■ Substantial impairment in functioning
What is Abnormal?
● Explaining Abnormality
○ Evil spirits, witchcraft, and demonic possession were
blamed for abnormal behavior in the past
○ At the end of the Middle Ages, asylums — special
mental hospitals — were formed in Europe
■ Designed with good intentions
■ Many resulted in inhumane conditions
Defining Abnormality
● Be statistically rare in the individual's culture
● Cause personal distress to the individual
● Be maladaptive
● Represent a danger to the individual or to others
Insanity
● Insanity is a legal, not psychological term; it means that an
individual is not legally responsible for their behavior due to
a psychiatric illness or to some other temporary or
permanent mental conditions
○ Mass murderer Jeffery Dahmer was ruled legally
responsible, but his behaviors were clearly abnormal
Classifying Psychological Disorders
● Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
○ It is a book that list all of the disorders and the criteria
for diagnosing these disorders
○ It is published every 10-15 years

Students also viewed

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