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Patho Comprehensive Case Study
Pathophysiology (NSG 211)
Marian University
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Unfolding Case Study: An older couple walk into your ER and introduce themselves as Mr. and Mrs. Claus. Mr. Claus appears very ill. His skin is pale and clammy, his lips are chapped, and he doesn’t seem to be following the conversation. Mrs. Claus states that he had been working so hard to prepare for the Christmas season that he barely took any time to allow himself to rest. He started vomiting yesterday and has since been unable to keep any liquids or food down. She also stated that he hasn’t been able to urinate as much as he normally does and seems to be a little confused about what’s going on. You decide to take his vital signs, which read as follow: BP: 88/60 (normal: 90-120/60-80) HR: 160 bpm (normal: 60-100) RR: 24 breaths/min (normal: 12-20) Temp: 100 F (97 – 99)
What do you suspect is going on with Mr. Claus?
Highlight or underline the signs and symptoms that support your thoughts on a diagnosis. You decide to admit Mr. Claus to the Emergency Department to take a closer look at what’s going on. The doctor orders an arterial blood gas to be drawn and a blood test to look at his electrolyte levels. Results: ABG: pH: 7, CO2: 38, HCO3: 28 Sodium level: 130 (normal: 135-145) Potassium level: 3 (normal: 3.5-4)
Interpret Mr. Claus’s ABG.
Interpret Mr. Claus’s electrolyte levels. 4b. Why do you think his sodium and potassium levels are low (think etiology)? While the other care team professionals start his care, you look at his medical history which reads as follows: Health History: Uncontrolled Type II Diabetes Mellitus History of Ischemic CVA with minimal residual right-sided deficits Primary Hypertension Smoker, 1 pack/day Obesity Alcoholic Cirrhosis
List the body system affected by each disease within his health history. Try to make connections between diseases and other body systems, each one may affect more systems than you think! Type II Diabetes: Ischemic CVA: Primary Hypertension: Smoker: Obesity: Cirrhosis:
Hypertension (and obesity): a. Myocardial Infarction: i. Etiology ii. Patho: iii. CM:
Smoker: (I will give you one, but since smoking affects EVERYTHING, choose another disease as well :) ). a. Emphysema: i. Etiology: ii. Patho: iii. CM: b. Your choice: i. Etiology: ii. Patho: iii. CM:
Cirrhosis: a. Ascites i. Etiology: ii. Patho: iii. CM: b. Clarify the difference between HEPATITIS and CIRRHOSIS:
Foot Infection: a. Cellulitis: i. Etiology ii. Patho: iii. CM:
Patho Comprehensive Case Study
Course: Pathophysiology (NSG 211)
University: Marian University
