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Done How did British and Chinese points of view concerning trade between the two nations differ How were they similar

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AP History (1000)

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Objective:

How did British and Chinese points of view concerning trade

between the two nations differ? How were they similar?

● Compare British and Chinese points of view concerning trade between the
two nations.

Introduction

➡Directions: Examine the images below and answer the questions that follow.

Sections of a political cartoon entitled, The reception of the diplomatique and his suite, at the Court of Pekin, by James Gillray (died 1815), published 1792. Image is courtesy of wikimedia commons and is in the public domain

####### The author of the images above was a British political cartoonist named James Gillray (1756-1815). The two images come

####### from the same picture drawn by Gillray in 1792. The image of the left is the Chinese Emperor of the Qing Dynasty. The

####### Image on the right is of Lord George Macartney a representative of the British King George III.

####### 1. How does Gillray depict the Chinese Emperor and Macarnety differently?

####### He depicts him as a lazy and gross emperor, and macarnety as a dignified ruler

####### 2. Why might Gillray have depicted the two men differently?

####### He depicts them differently as he is trying to build the British image in a positive way while also showing which country

####### was more superior.

UNIT 10| Imperialism | SQ 7. How did British and Chinese points of view concerning trade between the two nations differ? How

What was the historical context for British and Chinese contact in the late 18th

century?

Contextualize

➡ Directions: Read the timeline below and information about China in the 1800s from this

####### page on the Asia for Educators website, and what led to the British diplomatic mission led

####### by Lord Macartney in 1793 from the Asia for Educators website. Answer the questions

####### below and contextualize the interaction between Mccartney and the Qing Emperor.

####### 1. Describe China during the Qing Dynasty before the late 18th century.

####### Established in 1636, the Qing Dynasty had many internal and external problems (I quite literally cannot read this timeline

####### )

####### 2. Identify three issues faced by the Qing Dynasty in the late 18th century and explain the effects of each.

####### 2a. Food shortages led to bad

####### harvests and economic disasters.

####### 2b. They faced many revolts as they

####### had many incompetent rulers which

####### led to a crippling economy and

####### government.

####### 2c. They faced external pressure from

####### mainly European powers which

####### creared more problems within their

####### government

####### 3. Why did the Chinese limit trade with foreigners to the Port of Canton?

####### They were skeptical of the foreigners

####### 4. Identify two reasons that Europeans wanted to increase trade with China.

####### They wanted to get rid of their trading deficit with China and they wanted to expand to the Asian market for

####### manufactured goods.

UNIT 10| Imperialism | SQ 7. How did British and Chinese points of view concerning trade between the two nations differ? How

Timeline of Chinese History during the Qing
Dynasty

Ming Dynasty 1368- Qing Dynasty 1644 1644- Republi c Period 1912- 1949 1793 Macartn ey Mission from Great Britain 1839- 1842 Opiu m War 1850- 1864 Taiping Rebellio n 1860 Treaty of Peking 1884- China defeated in war by France, French Indo-China established 1894- China defeated by Japan in First Sino- Japanese War 1898 Hundred Day’s Reform- stopped by Empress Dowager Zuxi 1900- 1901 Boxer Rebellio n 1912 Qing Dynasty overthrown; nationalist leader Sun Yat-sen becomes President of China 1842- 1843 Treaty of Nanjing Note: Timeline NOT drawn to scale

Source

A British Point of View Concerning the Chinese and Lord Macartney’s Mission
➡ Directions: Read the information and examine the documents below, then respond to the sourcing

####### prompts.

James Gillray (1756-1815) was an English political cartoonist who specialized in caricature, a style of drawing that exaggerates certain features of a subject to make fun of them. His cartoons were widely distributed throughout Great Britain and Europe and often critical of the British King, George III. The cartoon below, entitled “The reception of the diplomatique and his suite, at the Court of Pekin” was published in 1792, a year before Lord Macartney’s actual interaction with the Qing Emperor. Sources: “James Gillray,” Encyclopedia Britannica. britannica/biography/James-Gillray ; “Gillray's Techniques,” james-gillray/tech_intro.html A political cartoon entitled, The reception of the diplomatique and his suite, at the Court of Pekin, by James Gillray (died 1815), published 1792. Image is courtesy of wikimedia commons and is in the public domain UNIT 10| Imperialism | SQ 7. How did British and Chinese points of view concerning trade between the two nations differ? How

See

What do you see in the image?

Think

What do you think Gillary’s depiction

of the British and Chinese?

Wonder

What questions do you have about

the image and its author?

The Chinese emperor with the British He believes that the Chinese are gross

and lazy while the British are

dignified.

Why are some of the British men

holding contraptions

Purpose for Examining Document: To understand how the British viewed the Chinese in the late 1800s.

A

AUTHOR

Who created the source? What do you know about the author?

A

AUDIENCE

Who was the intended audience of the source? What do you know about the audience?

P

PURPOSE

What was the purpose of the source? Why did the author create it?

Created by James

Gillray. I know that he

created the political

cartoon above.

The audience was the

British, I know that

they were in the

process of

industrializing.

The purpose of the

article was to show the

British how weak the

Chinese were and how

“humble” and

dignified Britain was.

P

POINT OF VIEW

What is the author’s opinion? What claims does the author make? Why does the author have that opinion?

R

RELIABILITY

Is the document reliable, somewhat reliable, or unreliable as a source of evidence for your research purpose? Why? What other sources would be helpful to corroborate?

The author believes that the British

are more technologically advanced

than the Chinese, yet still remain

humble and even kowtow to them.

The article is somewhat

reliable. While it may be

true that China was

weaker than them, the

political cartoon is very

UNIT 10| Imperialism | SQ 7. How did British and Chinese points of view concerning trade between the two nations differ? How

respect my sentiments and to display even greater devotion and loyalty in future, so that, by

perpetual submission to our Throne, you may secure peace and prosperity for your country

hereafter.

Yesterday your Ambassador petitioned my Ministers to memorialize me regarding your trade

with China, but his proposal [to open more northern ports to trade] is not consistent with

our dynastic usage and cannot be entertained... as the tea, silk and porcelain which the

Celestial Empire produces, are absolute necessities to European nations and to yourselves,

we have permitted, as a signal mark of favour, that foreign hongs [merchant firms] should be

established at Canton, so that your wants might be supplied and your country thus

participate in our beneficence.

Your request for a small island near Chusan, where your merchants may reside and goods be

warehoused, arises from your desire to develop trade. As there are neither foreign hongs nor

interpreters in or near Chusan, where none of your ships have ever called, such an island

would be utterly useless for your purposes..., moreover, that England is not the only

barbarian land which wishes to establish... trade with our Empire: supposing that other

nations were all to imitate your evil example and beseech me to present them each and all

with a site for trading purposes, how could I possibly comply? This also is a flagrant

infringement of the usage of my Empire and cannot possibly be entertained.

Source: From E. Backhouse and J. O. P. Bland, Annals and Memoirs of the Court of Peking (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1914), pp. 322 331 sourcebooks.fordham/mod/1793qianlong.asp

Purpose for Examining Document: To understand how the Qing Emperor viewed China and the British.

A

AUTHOR

Who created the source? What do you know about the author?

A

AUDIENCE

Who was the intended audience of the source? What do you know about the audience?

P

PURPOSE

What was the purpose of the source? Why did the author create it?

The Qianlong

emperor

The audience is

George III Serves to

respond to lord

UNIT 10| Imperialism | SQ 7. How did British and Chinese points of view concerning trade between the two nations differ? How

Macartney’s

mission

P

POINT OF VIEW

What is the author’s opinion? What claims does the author make? Why does the author have that opinion?

R

RELIABILITY

Is the document reliable, somewhat reliable, or unreliable as a source of evidence for your research purpose? Why? What other sources would be helpful to corroborate?

They do not have

permission to use their

land

This is a reliable

document because it

came straight from the

emperor

UNIT 10| Imperialism | SQ 7. How did British and Chinese points of view concerning trade between the two nations differ? How

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Done How did British and Chinese points of view concerning trade between the two nations differ How were they similar

Course: AP History (1000)

3 Documents
Students shared 3 documents in this course

University: McFatter Technical College

Was this document helpful?
Objective:
How did British and Chinese points of view concerning trade
between the two nations differ? How were they similar?
●Compare British and Chinese points of view concerning trade between the
two nations.
Introduction
➡Directions: Examine the images below and answer the questions that follow.
Sections of a political cartoon entitled, The reception of the diplomatique and his suite, at the Court of Pekin, by James Gillray (died 1815), published
1792.
Image is courtesy of wikimedia commons and is in the public domain
The author of the images above was a British political cartoonist named James Gillray (1756-1815). The two images come
from the same picture drawn by Gillray in 1792. The image of the left is the Chinese Emperor of the Qing Dynasty. The
Image on the right is of Lord George Macartney a representative of the British King George III.
1. How does Gillray depict the Chinese Emperor and Macarnety differently?
He depicts him as a lazy and gross emperor, and macarnety as a dignified ruler
2. Why might Gillray have depicted the two men differently?
He depicts them differently as he is trying to build the British image in a positive way while also showing which country
was more superior.
UNIT 10.4| Imperialism | SQ 7. How did British and Chinese points of view concerning trade between the two nations differ? How
were they similar?

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