- Information
- AI Chat
CS 340 Homework - This is the first Assignment for professor fluture, Basically explaining Operating
Operating Systems Principles (CSCI 340)
Queens College CUNY
Recommended for you
Preview text
Homework 1
Class: CSCI 340 Lecturer: Dr. Simina Fluture
PART A:
Two of the most popular operating systems are MS Windows and UNIX. If you want in your outline you can choose the Mac OS instead of Unix. In about two pages (in total), give an outline of each of them. Emphasize on the main characteristics and the features and advances of the most important versions.
Answer: In this part I will answer about MS Windows and Mac OS.
MS Windows:
- Microsoft Windows is one of the most popular and widely used Operating system in the world.
- It is developed by Microsoft corporation.
- Microsoft windows was first released in November 1985 as a graphical operating system shell for MS DOS in order to grow the graphical user interface (GUI). - First version of Microsoft windows is Windows 1, which was released on 1985. However, it was not a complete operating system. It only extended existing MS DOS with more features. Some of the components of this operating system are calculator,
PART B:(about one page) Give the characteristics of the Android’s operating system.
With Android operating system (OS) KitKat version 4 rolling out to mobile devices across the globe, Google is on to something—Android is now more popular than iOS or the Windows phone. The OS tends to garner rave reviews for its ease of use and open source, but many iOS or Windows phone users argue that their preferred operating system can do just as much. In some respects, that’s true, but here are 10 features unique to Android’s OS.
1) Near Field Communication (NFC)
Most Android devices support NFC, which allows electronic devices to easily interact across short distances. The main aim here is to create a payment option that is simpler than carrying credit cards or cash, and while the market hasn’t exploded as many experts had predicted, there may be an alternative in the works, in the form of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE).
2) Alternate Keyboards
Android supports multiple keyboards and makes them easy to install; the SwiftKey, Skype, and 8pen apps all offer ways to quickly change up your keyboard style. Other mobile operating systems either don’t permit extra keyboards at all, or the process to install and use them are tedious and time-consuming.
3) Infrared Transmission
The Android operating system supports a built-in infrared transmitter, allowing you to use your phone or tablet as a remote control.
4) No-Touch Control
Using Android apps such as Wave Control, users can control their phones touch-free, using only gestures. Have messy hands but need to turn off your screen or change a song? Simple. This could prove especially useful if you’re driving, so you can keep both eyes on the road.
5) Automation
The Tasker app lets you not only control app permissions but also automate them. Do you only want your location services to be active during the day? Want to create a customized way to start your music—for example, with a voice command and at a certain volume? Tasker can help.
6) Wireless App Downloads
Accessing app stores on any mobile device can be frustrating, but iOS makes it a little more difficult—download an app on your computer, and it won’t sync to your mobile device until you plug in and access iTunes. Using the Android Market or third-party options like AppBrain, meanwhile, let you download apps on your PC and then automatically sync them your Droid, no plugging required.
7) Storage and Battery Swap
Android phones also have unique hardware capabilities. Google’s OS makes it possible to remove and upgrade your battery or to replace one that no longer holds a charge. In addition, Android phones come with SD card slots for expandable storage.
8) Custom Home Screens
While it’s possible to hack certain phones to customize the home screen, Android comes with this capability from the get-go. Download a third-party launcher like Nova, Apex or Slide and you can add gestures, new shortcuts, or even performance enhancements for older-model devices.
9) Widgets
Apps are versatile, but sometimes you want information at a glance instead of having to open an app and wait for it to load. Android widgets let you display just about any feature you choose, right on the home screen—including weather apps, music widgets, or productivity tools that helpfully remind you of upcoming meetings or approaching deadlines.
10) Custom ROMs
The Real-time systems are found mostly in-home appliances and consumer devices. Cost of such devices like digital cameras, microwave ovens, and thermostats is really affordable to the users. So these are mass-produced in very cost-conscious environments. Thus, the microprocessors for real-time systems must also be inexpensively mass-produced. Specific timing requirements
Real-time operating systems should consider timing requirements by using scheduling algorithms that give real-time processes the highest scheduling priorities. Scheduler decides the priority of tasks and priority of tasks does not degrade over time. Timing requirements can be addressed by minimizing the response time of interrupts.
A critical real-time system requires sufficient time for processing external events. This is known as the response time and it lies within a predetermined value in all possible situations. Basically, a real-time system is characterized by correctness that involves both the correctness and timeliness of the logical output.
Reliability
Some systems might be operated for a long time without user intervention. The real-time system provides the reliability that it surely produces a result in a given time and chooses the most profitable activity for the current operation.
Performance
Performance is an important aspect that must be considered when choosing an RTOS. Real-time operating systems are different and perform differently. The key aspect for an RTOS is that its determinism guarantees that request and responses of data happen within a set period of time no matter what else is happening in the PC system. When determining the best RTOS, ask questions such as whether the system is showing any jitters within your tolerance range and thereby providing the determinism that you need. RTOS performance should be determined by a system’s dependable in executing calls within a specified period, regardless of anything else happening on the system.
● In about half page describe what an embedded system is. Give examples of
embedded systems.
What is Embedded System
To simply say that an Embedded System is an integrated system including both hardware and software is not enough. An embedded system is a dedicated computer system, designed to work for single or few specific functions often within a larger system. Embedded Systems, therefore, are
Built to function with little or no human intervention
Specially designed keeping in consideration the tasks that need completion in the most efficient way
These systems are different from the general-purpose computers (desktops and laptops) – the general-purpose computer can handle a wide range of processing tasks unlike embedded systems.
Most of our gadgets like washing machines, microwave ovens, ATMs and mobile phones have embedded-system in them. Any device, including toys, using electric power has a computing system embedded in it.
Embedded Systems Feature Image
Fig. 1 – Introduction to Embedded System
Characteristics of Embedded Systems
Some of the key characteristics of Embedded Systems are as mentioned below.
All Embedded Systems are task specific. They do the same task repeatedly /continuously over their lifetime. An mp3 player will function only as an mp player.
Embedded systems are created to perform the task within a certain time frame. It must therefore perform fast enough. A car’s brake system, if exceeds the time limit, may cause accidents.
They have minimal or no user interface (UI). A fully automatic washing machine works on its own after the programme is set and stops once the task is over.
Some embedded systems are designed to react to external stimuli and react accordingly. A thermometer, a GPS tracking device.
Real Time Embedded Systems
Stand-Alone Embedded Systems
Networked Embedded Systems
Mobile Embedded Systems
Real Time Embedded Systems
A Real Time Embedded System provides output within a defined specific time. That is, real time embedded systems are designed and created to perform some specific work in pre-specified time.
Types of Real Time Embedded Systems
There are two types of Real Time Embedded System. They are:
Soft Real Time Embedded Systems
Hard Real Time Embedded Systems
Stand Alone Embedded Systems
Stand-Alone Embedded Systems are those that can work by themselves i. they are self-sufficient and do not depend on a host system. Stand-alone embedded systems are made in a way such that an input is received, processed and thereafter the desired output is produces.
Input can be received via sensors, keyword or push button.
Networked Embedded Systems
Networked Embedded Systems depend on connected network to perform its assigned tasks.
These systems consist of components like sensors, controllers etc. which are interconnected. Many of these systems are built on general purpose processors.
Mobile Embedded Systems
Mobile Embedded Systems are those that are small sized and can be used in smaller devices.
They are used in mobile phones and digital cameras because of the small size. They often have memory constraints and lacks good user interface.
Microcontroller Performance Based Embedded System
Embedded System are classified in three types based on its microcontroller performance.
Small Scale Embedded Systems
Medium Scale Embedded Systems
Sophisticated Embedded Systems
Small Scale Embedded System
Small Scale Embedded System is normally designed and created using an 8-bit microcontroller. This microcontroller can be battery activated.
Medium Scale Embedded System
Medium Scale Embedded System uses a single 16-bit or 32-bit microcontroller or multiple microcontrollers linked together. These systems have a lot of hardware as well as software complexities, hence are not preferred by many.
Sophisticated Embedded System
They are convenient for mass production. This results in low price per piece.
These systems are highly stable and reliable.
Embedded systems are made for specific tasks.
The embedded systems are very small in size, hence can be carried and loaded anywhere.
These systems are fast. They also use less power.
The embedded systems optimize the use or resources available.
They improve the product quality.
Disadvantages of Embedded System
The disadvantages of Embedded Systems are as follows:
Once configured, these systems cannot be changed. Hence, no improvement or upgradation on the ones designed and created can be made.
They are hard to maintain. It is also difficult to take a back-up of embedded files.
Troubleshooting is difficult for embedded systems. Transferring data from one system to another is also quite problematic.
Because these systems are made for specific tasks, hardware is limited.
● Are embedded systems the same as real-time systems? Discuss. ● ● What are TSR processes? Give examples of TSR processes of our days.
PART D:
Do an Internet search and give an overview for Interrupts and Interrupt Request.
- Unix (Linux) - computer: Use the man command to find out about the trap instruction. Type: man trap Give an overview of what you read (not cut and paste). If your attempt is unsuccessful do a search on the Internet.
PART E:Can JVM considered an Operating System? Why or why not?
PART F:
Carefully read the posted Grading Policy and the definitions for Plagiarism and Cheating posted on the course webpage under Academic Integrity If you have any questions related to these topics, please email me. Otherwise, please enter your name in the following paragraph. At the end of the paragraph sign your name by entering the initials.
Please keep in mind that when projects must be done individually, showing your code to another student, taking code from another student or a third source including Internet is considered plagiarism and or cheating.
I, ______________________________________ have carefully read and understood the posted Grading Policy, and the definitions of Cheating and Plagiarism given in the Academic Integrity link. I am aware that any student caught cheating or plagiarizing will automatically receive an F for the course and that other forms of dishonesty will result in similar actions.
Initials: ________________________
CS 340 Homework - This is the first Assignment for professor fluture, Basically explaining Operating
Course: Operating Systems Principles (CSCI 340)
University: Queens College CUNY
- Discover more from:
