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GCSE AQA Biology - unit 1 cell biology condensed notes grades 9-1

Summary sheet for the whole of AQA GCSE biology combined/ seperate uni...
Course

Cellular Biology (BI 315)

12 Documents
Students shared 12 documents in this course
Academic year: 2022/2023
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Annalisa Gilmore
St Joseph's University
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Cell biology

Plant and animal cells: Cytoplasm- where most reactions take place Nucleus- carries genetic material Ribosome- responsible for protein synthesis Mitochondrian- where energy is produced Cell membrane- what goes in and out of the cell

Chloroplast- where photosynthesis takes place Vacuole-stores sap Cell wall- structure

Bacteria cell: DNA is not in nucleus Flagella- used for locomotion

Specialisation and differentiation: Villi - long surface area , cells are tall to provide structure, cells have a long body, muscle cells stretch and contract

Differentiation- All cells start off looking the same and then various different genes are turned off and on which iOS where it starts to become specialised

Microscopy: Have developed overtime Magnification = image height/object height (to convert from micrometers um to millimetres you divide by 1000)

Chromosomes and mitosis: Bacteria divide rapidly Chromosomes are in the nucleus of a cell Mitosis- from one parent cell to two identical daughter cells Mitosis 1. DNa is pulled to either end of the cell 2. New nuclei will from and they will split into two identical daughter cells

Stem cells: Have the potential to specialise into any other type of cell Uses: -Treating Parkinson’s by growing brain cells -Grow new bone cells treat bone and spinal injury -Grow parts of organs for organ failure Making stem cells: -nuclei removed from egg cell -egg starts to develop into embryo -stem cells removed from embryo -stem cells turned into new cells Controversy: -human embryos will be created and destroyed -religious objections

Diffusion: Gas moving from high concentration to low concentration (e in the lungs) Osmosis: The movement of water through a partially permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration (eg root hair cells) Active transport: Movement across a membrane from low to high concentration

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GCSE AQA Biology - unit 1 cell biology condensed notes grades 9-1

Course: Cellular Biology (BI 315)

12 Documents
Students shared 12 documents in this course

University: St Joseph's University

Was this document helpful?
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Cell biology
Plant and animal cells:
Cytoplasm- where most reactions take place
Nucleus- carries genetic material
Ribosome- responsible for protein synthesis
Mitochondrian- where energy is produced
Cell membrane- what goes in and out of the cell
Chloroplast- where photosynthesis takes place
Vacuole-stores sap
Cell wall- structure
Bacteria cell:
DNA is not in nucleus
Flagella- used for locomotion
Specialisation and differentiation:
Villi - long surface area , cells are tall to provide structure, cells have a long body, muscle cells stretch and contract
Differentiation- All cells start off looking the same and then various different genes are turned off and on which iOS
where it starts to become specialised
Microscopy:
Have developed overtime
Magnification = image height/object height (to convert from micrometers um to millimetres you divide by 1000)

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