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Study Guide of Prenatal Development (Child Development (psci 111D))

this is the study guide for prenatal development
Course

Child Development (PSCI 111D)

4 Documents
Students shared 4 documents in this course
Academic year: 2023/2024
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University of California Irvine

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Study Guide of Prenatal Development (Child Development (psci 111D))

What are the stages of prenatal development?

● Germinal stage: This initial stage lasts about two weeks from conception to implantation. The zygote undergoes rapid cell division and eventually forms a blastocyst. ● Embryonic stage: This stage lasts from implantation (around week 3) until the end of the eighth week. The major organs and body systems begin to develop, and the embryo is most vulnerable to teratogens. ● Fetal stage: Starting at the ninth week and continuing until birth, this stage is characterized by further growth and maturation of organs and systems.

How do genetics and environmental factors influence prenatal development?

● Genetics: Genetic factors inherited from parents determine the baby's physical traits, susceptibility to certain diseases, and overall development. ● Environmental factors: The mother's health, nutrition, exposure to toxins, stress levels, and lifestyle choices can impact prenatal development. The environment can also include external factors such as pollutants and drugs.

What are common prenatal risks and their effects on the developing fetus?

● Teratogens: These are substances or factors that can cause birth defects. Examples include alcohol, tobacco, certain medications, and infections such as rubella. They can lead to physical, cognitive, or behavioral abnormalities. ● Maternal health issues: Conditions like gestational diabetes, hypertension, or malnutrition can affect the fetus's growth and development. ● Maternal lifestyle choices: Substance abuse, smoking, and inadequate prenatal care can increase the risk of complications and negatively impact the fetus. ● Maternal stress: Chronic or severe stress during pregnancy can have adverse effects on fetal development, including increased risk of preterm birth and developmental problems.

Definitions:

● Germinal stage: The first stage of prenatal development, starting from conception and lasting about two weeks until implantation. ● Embryonic stage: The second stage of prenatal development, from implantation until the end of the eighth week. Major organ systems begin to form during this stage. ● Fetal stage: The final stage of prenatal development, starting from the ninth week until birth. Organs and systems continue to mature during this stage. ● Teratogens: Substances or factors that can cause birth defects or abnormalities in the developing fetus. ● Maternal health issues: Health conditions in the mother that can affect the growth and development of the fetus. ● Maternal lifestyle choices: Choices made by the mother regarding her behaviors, such as substance abuse or inadequate prenatal care, that can impact the fetus. ● Maternal stress: Chronic or severe stress experienced by the mother during pregnancy that can have negative effects on fetal development.

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Study Guide of Prenatal Development (Child Development (psci 111D))

Course: Child Development (PSCI 111D)

4 Documents
Students shared 4 documents in this course

University: University of California Irvine

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Study Guide of Prenatal Development (Child Development (psci 111D))
What are the stages of prenatal development?
●Germinal stage: This initial stage lasts about two weeks from conception
to implantation. The zygote undergoes rapid cell division and eventually
forms a blastocyst.
●Embryonic stage: This stage lasts from implantation (around week 3) until
the end of the eighth week. The major organs and body systems begin to
develop, and the embryo is most vulnerable to teratogens.
●Fetal stage: Starting at the ninth week and continuing until birth, this stage
is characterized by further growth and maturation of organs and systems.
How do genetics and environmental factors influence prenatal development?
●Genetics: Genetic factors inherited from parents determine the baby's
physical traits, susceptibility to certain diseases, and overall development.
●Environmental factors: The mother's health, nutrition, exposure to toxins,
stress levels, and lifestyle choices can impact prenatal development. The
environment can also include external factors such as pollutants and
drugs.
What are common prenatal risks and their effects on the developing fetus?
●Teratogens: These are substances or factors that can cause birth defects.
Examples include alcohol, tobacco, certain medications, and infections
such as rubella. They can lead to physical, cognitive, or behavioral
abnormalities.
●Maternal health issues: Conditions like gestational diabetes, hypertension,
or malnutrition can affect the fetus's growth and development.
●Maternal lifestyle choices: Substance abuse, smoking, and inadequate
prenatal care can increase the risk of complications and negatively impact
the fetus.
●Maternal stress: Chronic or severe stress during pregnancy can have
adverse effects on fetal development, including increased risk of preterm
birth and developmental problems.
Definitions:

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