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Exam 2 Content
Abnormal Psychology (PSYC 3303)
University of Colorado Boulder
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Exam 2 Content SLEEP Dyssomnias cause trouble falling or staying asleep. Parasomnias cause abnormal activities while asleep. Sleep is for homeostatic regulation cause we stray away from it during the day. - We are less aware of things while we sleep, and the threshold for stimuli to wake us is increased so it is harder to wake us. - Sleep is rapidly reversible Polysomnagraphy measures basic body functions: - Electrooculogram = eye movements - Electromyogram = muscle movements - Electrocardiogram = heart activity Actigraphy uses physical data to estimate time of sleep and wake. Circadian rhythm cycles are super synchronized to external cure. - Light-dark is the strongest Light signals reach the SCN suprachiasmatic nucleus in the brain. You can be visually blind (not have rods or cones) but circadian sighted and have melanopsin. Two process model: - Process S = the accumulation of sleep inducing substances in the brain. Affects how tired we become after not sleeping for periods of time. - Process C = the regulation of the bodys internal processes and alertness levels. Coordinates the day night cycle Suicide happens at night because our body is awake when our mind shouldn’t be awake. Very high riskl for suicide at night based on the amount of people that should be awke. INSOMNIA The cutoff for short and long term insomnia is 3 months.
It can affect motivation, coordination, ability to fall and maintain sleep, impair memory, and fatigue you. - You only need 2 symptoms for diagnosis Predisposing factor = a need for control, hyperarousal, anxiety - All of pre morbid insomnia Precipitating factor = life events, stress related to medical diagnosis, meds - The vast majority of the other insomnias Perpetuatiing = trying hardder in sleep, having bad sleep patterns, napping during the day - Sleep related stimuli are paired with wakefulness stimuli (conditioning) (pavlov) Treatment for insomnia? CBT- - Usually 4-10 weeks - Stimulus control = bed is for sleep nothing else - Sleep restriction = strict sleep schedule - Addresses cognitive (worry) thoughts about sleeo/insomnia PANIC ATTACKS / DISORDER Must have 4/13 symptoms Must also worry about future attacks or have bad behavior changes in response to them Females are twice as likely to get it as males The CO2 inhalation can make us panic cause it makes us have lactic acid buildip in the brain, which simulates a panic attack. People with manic disorder are very sensitive to this buildup. Biological Perspectives: - An excess of NE in the sympathetic NS increases contractions in the heart - Causes fight or flight and increases HR - The parasympathetic system isnt activated so shit just lingers Locus coeruleus controls the NE sympathetic NS activation (increases heart rate) Amygdala is in charge of remembering fear and encoding fear experiences Medial prefrontal cortex is involved in the conscious processing of fear
Phobias are behaviorally called preparedness Phobias are maintained through avoidance. NEED EX{OSURE
- flooding = showing a person it all at once
- Modeling = showing the person how to dela with the thing Meds are SSRIs and SNRIs OCD Types:
- Body dysmoprphia = poor insight and delusional convictions. Need to be eprfect
- Trichotilomania = pulling hair
- Excoriation disorder = picking at things
- Hoarding = need to save thigns Obszessions are recurrent thoughts that the person cannot supress no matetr how hard they try to satisfy them. Compulsions are repeated behaviors or mental acts that the person does to satisfy their obsessions Most people with OCD realize that theyre delusional but cant stop it
- Aka INSIGHT CSTC is a loop of thpughts Goes through the basal ganglia
Exam 2 Content
Course: Abnormal Psychology (PSYC 3303)
University: University of Colorado Boulder
