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Lecture 09 Cell Cell Interactions
Cell Biology (ZOOLOGY 570)
University of Wisconsin-Madison
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Interactions Single Particle Tracking (SPT) Si ngl epar t i c l et r ac ki ng i s us ed t ot r ac kt he mo vemento fpr o t ei n mol ec ul es bec aus e pr o t e i n mo vement sar el i mi t edi nt er ac t i onswi t ht heSpe c t r i nme mbr ane ,e xt r ac e l l ul armat er i al sand o t herpr o t ei ns .I nf er enc ef r om SPTf ori nt e gr almembr anepr o t e i nsar easf ol l o ws : Some pr o t ei ns ar ec apabl e ofdi ffus i ng r andoml y t hr oughout t he me mbr ane , t hough i t sr at e of mo vement may be l i mi t ed. Some pr o t ei ns ar ei mmobi l i z ed as a r es ul t of i t s i nt er ac t i on wi t h t he under l yi ngme mbr anes ke l e t on. Some pr o t ei ns mo ve i n a par t i c ul ar di r ec t i on as a r es ul tofi t si nt er ac t i on wi t h mo t orpr o t ei nsatt he c yt opl as mi c s ur f ac eoft heme mbr ane . Some pr o t ei ns ar er es t r i c t ed o t her i nt e gr alpr o t ei nso ft hemembr anewhi l es o mear er e s t r i c t edf enc esf or medpr o t e i nsoft he membr anes ke l e t on. Somepr o t ei nsar eal s or es t r ai nede xt r ac e l l ul armat er i al s . Erythrocyte Membrane Skeleton Theper i pher alpr o t e i nsoft heer yt hr oc yt epl as ma membr anear el o c at edoni t si nt er nals ur f ac eand c ons t i t ut eafibr i l l armembr anes ke l e t ont hatpl ay amaj orr ol ei nde t er mi ni ngt hebi c onc aves hape oft heer yt hr oc yt e . The maj orc omponentoft he s ke l e t on i s an e l ongat edfibr ouspr o t e i n,c al l edSpe c t r i n ti s a he t er odi mer appr o xi mat e l y 100 nm l ong, c ons i s t i s ubuni t . Spec t r i n,a per i pher almembr ane pr o t e i ni s at t ac hedt ot hei nt er nals ur f ac eoft heme mbr aneme ansofnonc o val entbondst oano t her per i pher alpr o t e i n,Ankyr i n. Ankyr i ni sl i nkednonc o val ent l yt ot hec yt opl as mi cdomai no faBand3Mo l e c ul e ,ani nt e gr al membr anepr o t e i n. Spe c t r i ni sl i nkedt oc l us t ero fpr o t e i nst hati nc l ude ss hor tfil ament so fAc t i nandTr opomy os i n. I ft he per i pher al pr o t ei ns ar er emo ved f r om e r yt hr oc yt e ghos t s ,t he membr ane bec omes f r agment edi nt os mal lves i c l es ,i ndi c at i ngt hatt hei nnerpr o t e i nne t wor kar er equi r edt omai nt ai n t hei nt e gr i t yo ft hemembr ane . TheSpec t r i nne t wor kgi vest hec e l lt hes t r e ngt h,e l as t i c i t y ,andpl i abi l i t ynec es s ar yt oc ar r youti t s demandi ngf unc t i on. Mut at i onsi nRBCme mbr anepr o t ei nsc aus esher edi t ar ySphe r oc yt os i s . CommonRBCdi s or der ,affec t s1i eofNor t her nEur ope andes c ent . Duet omut at i oni nAnkyr i n( c t r i n( . Mi s s happenedRBCshavedec r e as edf unc t i onandar et ar ge t edanddes t r o yeds pl een. Sympt omsi nc l ude:Fat i gue ,Jaundi c e ,Pal l or ,andLi verenl ar gementduet oo ver ac t i vi t y . Western Blotting Al s o , kno wn as i mmunobl o t t i ng. I t us es ant i bodi es t os t ai nf or a s pec i fic pr o t e i n af t er e l ec t r ophor es i s . Ant i bodi esus ual l yhavehaveanenz ymel abe lt oc at al yz et hevi s i bl er e ac t i onpr oduc t . Cell Junctions Mul t i c e l l ul ar i t yi nvol vesas s o c i at i onsbe t weenc e l l s . Ce l lj unc t i ons wi t he xt r ac e l l ul ar mat r i x( ECM)ar e medi at ed I nt e gr i ns whi l e di r ec tc e l l c e l l j unc t i onsar emedi at edmembr anepr o t e i ns . Junc t i onalc ompl e xesmedi at ec e l l c e l li nt er ac t i onanddefinet heapi c alandbas ol at er alr e gi onsoft he c e l l . The e xt r ac e l l ul ar mat r i xs ur r oundi ngac e l li se xt r eme l ys t r ongandno te as i l ypene t r at ed r ac e l l ul arenvi r onmenti s di vi dedi nt ot wopar t s : Gl yc oc al yx:I ti nc l udesc ar bohydr at est hatar eat t ac hedt omembr anel i pi dsandI MPs . I nt er ac t s wi t h Ac t i n wi t hc al c i um dependent l i nkage s . Li nked I nt er medi at e Des mos ome ( Di s k Cadher i ns Cadher i ns s haped l ament s . Pl ako gl obi ns , I nt er medi at Fi Des mopl aki n eFi l ament j unc t i ons ) Mor ec o mmon i nc e l l s s ubj ec t ed me c hani c als t r es s . Hemi des mos o me Ce l l mat r i x ECF I nt e gr i ns None ECF I nt e gr i ns None I nt er medi at eFi l ament Ac t i n Adher ensJunc t i Des mos omesar ec ompos edo fCadheri ns. I MPst hatmedi at e l ladhes i on. Func t i onashomodi mers . Di ffer entc e l l t ypese xpr es sdi ffer entc adher i ns . Epi t he l i alc e l l adher i n Cent r alner vouss ys t em c e l l adher i n Ot herneur als t r uc t ur adher i n Pl ac ent alc e l l adher i n Re t i nalc e l l adher i n Pr o vi des t r uc t ur ali nt e gr i t yt ot i s s ue s . t o
Lecture 09 Cell Cell Interactions
Course: Cell Biology (ZOOLOGY 570)
University: University of Wisconsin-Madison
