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Fluid And Electrolyte Balance Notes
Neal
Course
Pharmacokinetics and Medication Administration (NURS 205)
73 Documents
Students shared 73 documents in this course
University
Widener University
Academic year: 2022/2023
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Fluid and Electrolyte Balance Possible Diagnoses - Decreased cardiac output - Deficient fluid volume - Excess fluid volume ~ Ineffective tissue perfusion - Impaired skin integrity Implementation
- client education
- Daily weights - Input and output - Enteral replacement of fluids - Restriction of Fluids - Parenteral replacement of fluids and electrolytes Infiltration - Fluid from Iv enters subcutaneous tissue Phlebitis
- Inflammation ofa vein Infiltration symptoms
- Redness around the site
- swelling
- Puffy or hard skin around the site I
Blanching (lighter skin around the IV site
~ pain or tenderness around the site
- IV not working -cool skin temperature around the IV site
Phlebitis symptoms - Redness - swelling ~warmth
- visible red "streaking" on your arm or leg ~ Tenderness Restorative care
- Home IV therapy
- Natritional support
- medication safety water
- The single largest componentof the body
- Total body water (TBW) 60%
- Lifespan differences: slightly less for women and older adults ~ Higher in children Distribution of body fluids
- Intracellular fluid (CE) 67%
- Extracellular fluid (ECF) 33% Extracellular fluid
- comprised of interstitial fluid 25%
- Blood Plasma 5% Electrolytes -> Regulate water distribution ~ Regulate acid-base balance and maintain a balanced degree of neuromuscular excitability ~ Active chemicals that
carry positive (cations),
####### negative Canions) electrical charges
- concentrations differ in Fluid compartments
Sodium (Nat
~ The most frequently occurring extracellular cation - Regulates fluid volume
- Excretion
- Normal concentration outside cells is 135 to 145 mEq/ sodium imbalances
~ hyponatremia/hypernatremia
central nervous system is mosteffected Myponatremia
- sodium loss of deficiency
- serum levels below 135 mEq)L Hyponatremia symptoms
- Lethargy
- stomach cramps
- Hypotension
- vomiting
- Diarrhea ~ Seizures causes of
####### Hyponatremia
- Excessive perspiration
- Prolonged diarrhea or vomiting
- Renal disorders Hypernatremia
- sodium excess
- serum levels over 145 MEq/
Hypernatremia symptoms
- water retention
[edemal
~
hypertension
red, flushed skin
-sticky mucous membranes
- increased thirst
- elevated temperature
- decreased urine output
causes
Poor renal excretion stemming from kidney
malfunction
inadequate water consumption and dehydration
sodium is responsible for
-control of water distribution
- Fluid and electrolyte balance
- osmotic pressure of
body
fluids
- Participation
inacid-base balance
Potassium (xt)
- major cation of intracellular fluid
- nerve transmission
- excretion
-normal level is 5-5 mEqfL
-cardiac system is mosteffected due to
muscle contraction
- 95% of
body'sPotassium is intracellular
Potassium obtained from foods
Fruit and fruitjuices
- meats
~ Fish
- wheat bread
- legumes
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Fluid And Electrolyte Balance Notes
Course: Pharmacokinetics and Medication Administration (NURS 205)
73 Documents
Students shared 73 documents in this course
University: Widener University
Was this document helpful?
Fluid
and
Electrolyte
Balance
Possible
Diagnoses
-
Decreased
cardiac
output
-
Deficient
fluid
volume
-
Excess
fluid
volume
~
Ineffective
tissue
perfusion
-
Impaired
skin
integrity
Implementation
-
client
education
-
Daily
weights
-
Input
and
output
-
Enteral
replacement
of
fluids
-
Restriction
of
Fluids
-
Parenteral
replacement
of
fluids
and
electrolytes
Infiltration
-
Fluid
from
Iv
enters
subcutaneous
tissue
Phlebitis
-
Inflammation
of
a
vein
Infiltration
symptoms
-
Redness
around
the
site
-
swelling
-
Puffy
or
hard
skin
around
the
site
I
-
Blanching
(lighter
skin
around
the
IV
site
~
pain
or
tenderness
around
the
site
-
IV
not
working
-cool
skin
temperature
around
the
IV
site
