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Pharm Exam 1
Pharm Exam 1 notes/study guide
Course
Pharmacokinetics and Medication Administration (NURS 205)
73 Documents
Students shared 73 documents in this course
University
Widener University
Academic year: 2021/2022
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Rounding Rules me - - numbers less than I round 2 places after decimal point If the number in the thousandths place is.. . > 5 or greater → round the hundreths place up
- less than 5 → keep number in hundreths place always put 0 before decimal point 0 → 0 0 → 0.
- numbers greater than I round 1 place after the decimal point If the number in the hundreths place is.. .
- 5 or greater → round the tenths place up
- less than 5 → keep number intenths place 1 → 1 1 → 1.
- zeros placement no trailing zeros
- know all yes to leading zeros abrevictions on notecards
Phases of the Nursing Process - what brings -
- you in here Assessment
- What is the question
,
what
today
"
information do you have, what do you surmise Ithink)?
Based on what clues? Signs
, symptoms,
and behaviors
Problem
having , based on your knowledge and assessment may have if patient says Iwent to party and have a fever- think this patient Covid PlanningWhat is the problem that your patient is - What would you like to do to resolve this problem ? What resources will you need?
- Covid test
- if pos may have to jump back to assessment Implementation
- Do what you have to do to address this problem. How will you address this with your patient? Whats the plan? Do you have mask , tyneol , etc ? What's the plan? Evaluation
- measure whether or not your solution helped to resolve the problem part 1- statement of patient response to illness or injury related to part 2- factors related tothe response as evidenced by part 3- clues , cues , evidence , other datathat supports that this DX Is accurate noncompliance related to administration of iron evidenced by objective data of anemia
HR is>8- Objective Assessment Respiratory - objective ran - Pos . Covid - objective methods to collect data test cues , signs ,symptoms, behaviors subjective s Objective data - information gathered through the senses seen , heard , felt or smelled , has numbers - measurements pediatric patient has bad smelling poop, patient doesnt feel good and says they were at a party , positive could +est . +iea to numbers and measurements
]
subjective data - information shared by the patient or caregiver things you want to measure but haven't yet patient tells you something and you have to start assessing , you see or hear something and have to assess , things you want to measure but havent yet patient reports shortness of breath for 6 months assessments specific to drug therapy : - list of medications - home , folk . or herbal remedies
- Alcohol ,tobacco , and caffeine USC
- over the counter meds LOTCS)
- hormonal replacement therapies
- Others - caffeine? Smoking ? alcohol intake?
Planning
Inthe planning phase goals and outcome criteria are formulated based on previous assessment and nursing diagnoses goals = broad not be anemic objectives = more specific treat anemia with drug therapy , tablets
- made in collaboration with patient
- might have to go back to assessment your making plan with patient for their pneumonia to give them medicine and they let you know they have a medicine allergy , go back to assessment record and reassess goals must be : *Patient- centered *
- Objective
- measureable blood pressure is high
- realistic- lose 3- 4 lb a month
- with an established time period for achievement of the outcomes
- let patient see numbers and lab results so they can see progress
- make sure plan is realistic sothe patient can achieveit
- planning is about thepatient , make sure they understand and talk it over
Implementation É - based on previous phases of the nursing process
- initiation and completion of specific actions bythe nurse implementation specific to drugtherapy : bthesix rights patient safety measures patient education drug storage accurate calculations Evaluation É
- monitoring whether the patient goals and objectives were met
- from here the nurse can revise thenursing care plan as necessary and appropriate does this patient still need this medication , can it be lowered? Medication order ONTEST
- Date : 12117114
- patient name Patient : John Smith
- date order written tmoxkllllan 250mg
- name of drug/ medication POTID ✗ 7- days
- dosage of medication ( Ansel )F James
####### ,μb
- frequency of medication
- route of drug delivery bmhfuth 3 times fort
- prescriber signature day days memorize what needs to be on order I know it missing something
- '
The Right Patient xoxo - two Patient iaeni-aers.soinnomm
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- ÷÷÷÷É¥
- check every single time you administer medications . Name
- Date of birth
- Allergy > What to do if patient cant talk?
- pediatric may betoo little so have parent or caregiver answer 's older adult find out what thefacilities procedure is (can be picture of patient on fileto compare] The Right Drug
- check the name of the drug against the order . a- * does it make sense for your patient#I'm using collaubk 1 how
- Know both generic and trade names of drugs my patient is constipated The Right Dose
- check ordered dose with dose on hand
- check that the ordered dose is within the acceptable range
- double check your calculations and ask yourself if your answer makes sense
- has your patients condition changed andif it has is your
Jose
still appropriate
- make sure the generic and trade name are on package of the medicine ex : in pediatrics , frequently checking weights on children b/c everything we use for children are based on their weight & typical doses are so many ML of meds for every KG of the child's weigh
The Right Time
- check the time for administration prior to giving the medication
- checkthe last time it was administered
- think about drug to drug and drug to food interactions some drugs you can't give with The Right Route citrus
- verify the ordered route : verify with what the order says ;Po= by mouth Ibuprofen by mouth for pain ; however if patient
- does It make sense and is It possible? is unconscious that does not make sense ' make sure the drug formulation matches what is ordered
- when we change the route,for some medications we change the does The Right Documentation
- must include date , time , medication , dose , route, and site of administration
- any symptoms or side effects related tothe medication . response tothe medication
- Docucare is a replication of electronically
- refusal or missed dose records wherever you work so you can document that you gave that medication 7thright reason/Indication
- confirm appropriateness of medication/rationale
- check through history if necessary
- what step of nursing process couldthis be? Assessment step
Dose , Concentration , Volume
- É - Patient is ordered to relieve acetaminophen 650 MG PO once now. the medication is available In tablets labeled 325 nottab. the patient is administered 2 tablets ① Ose
- amount of medication ordered ; often expressed as UG , MCG, GM (what medication are really getting and how much) Volume - (what you see) often expressed as ML , TSP, tablets concentration
- an expression relating close to volume , also called supplied as , available form Mr. Jones Is ordered 100 MG colace three times per day . cdace Is available in 50mg capsules Dose? 100mg Concern. ? 2 Volume? 50mg Ms. Abernathy is ordered 100 mg Ibuprofen. Ibuprofen Is available as 200 G tablets Dose ? 100mg concern? Volume? 200gtkmgxidoo
- go = 0. ?
Qvestionontes
We gave collar and makes people have a bowel movement what are we going to do in evaluation stage ? Answer : " have you had a bowel movement ? Do you feel any better ? "
Names of Drugs .
- chemical name scientific name based on the compounds chemical structure and indicates the arrangement and position of atoms or atomic groups long and importantto chemists , pharmacists, and researchers who work with drugs at the chemical level (official name] Generic name (non proprietary name) cantors writethis official name given to a drug after it might have been found to be of therapeutic use Trade name ( proprietary or brand name) cwnatne are usedto) name given to a drugby its manufacturer may have several brand names , depending on the number of manufacturers Unlike chemical and generic names , brand names are easyto remember , short , catchy and most often suggestive ofthe drug component Example Sodium [2- [ 2,
- dichloro phenyl )amino]phenyl ] acetate is the chemical name of diclofenac sodium 1 generic name) , a common Nonsteroidal anti
- inflammatory drug 1NSAID) 4 Diclofenac sodium is marketed under various Trade names ( Brand / proprietary names) like V01 torch SR , DidOran .DK/OCare,C0fena4etCAcetomphMgennWLtraH Ibuprofen ¢generic I ty
- Motrin , Advil , others (trade I
chemical name - - (1- 1-) - 2- (p - ISObutylphenyl) propionic acid Generic name
- (11-3 411- Ibuprofen > CH - CH z
- f
- CH - COOH Trade name 4+
- Motrin , others Drug - chemicals that affect the physiology process of a living person for each drug it has a certain use Pharmacology
- study / science of drugs Pharmacokinetics - study of what happens to the drug once it is put into the body after taking tylenol it goes to the stomach , dissolves and absorbed to bloodstream and travels to the location that its needed
Pharmaceutics É - Different drug dosage forms have different
- liquid may pharmaceutical properties work faster than
- Dosage form determines drug dissolution rate a tablet
- Dissolution
- dissolving of solid dosage forms exdissowinsot tablet
- Drug absorption of various oral preparationstable 2- liquids enteric coated
- special coating that Prevents it from dissolving in the stomach and instead dissolving in the intestine stomach gastric juice is acidic and in intestine it is high pH 1 alkaline
- DO fAfff formf LBwhen administering it, never crush it
- bk it would mix with stomachjuices and win not worn if someone has ngtube, crush tablet and mix with water, if this is ordered wth the coating, fMffpq/ (mouth) nurse should call doctor & tell them to change the order absorbed by mucosa of stomach , tablet, capsule, hqud. eet) pAffhf-fry/ (by IV or 1M) PIV travels directly through bloodstream / it bypass GI system 4A fastest absorb1-ion - 15min effect T - IM→ directly to muscles topical (skin . ointment, palm , pain patches eat . ) apply to clean area and when putting a patch on the patient put it in a non - hairy area Enteral Route
- The drug is absorbed into the systemic circulation through the oral or gastric mucosa or the small
- sublinga is faster than oral because there is a /Nfl StlNC lot of blood supply under tongue Opg 1 → directlyto stomach from mouth ex. chest pain take a dissolvingtablet and there is relief within 5 minutes sub/Inga/ → under to tongue by ((A →between gum and inner lining of the mouth Lcneek) b rectal (can also be topical)
Gastrointestinal effect
- oral drugs break down in the stomach or intestine
- after dissolution , ready to get absorbed by the blood supply and then through the bloodstream which is how it reaches site of action Topical Effect
- directly getting in contact with the body surface (skin) 4b$ eye drops , ear drops , nose spray UB ointment ,pawn , skin patches ect) Parenteral Route
- Intravenous 1 fastest delivery into the blood circulation)
- Intramuscular * N may take is minutes
- Subcutaneous
- goes directly to the bloodstream ,
- Intradermal absorbed to the bloodstream fast bo you
- Intraarterial are skipping the first step (stomach absorption)
- Intrathecal
- Intraarticular 1M - intramuscular, medicine goes to muscle Lex. deltoid , absorbed to muscle then bloodstream
- IV is faster than IM
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Pharm Exam 1
Course: Pharmacokinetics and Medication Administration (NURS 205)
73 Documents
Students shared 73 documents in this course
University: Widener University
Was this document helpful?
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