University of Iowa

According to Moniterist philosophy, Group of answer choices monetary policy is particularly adept at managing the economy due to the high sensitivity of investment to the real interest rate. money is neutral. fiscal policy is useless at managing the economy due to the high sensitivity of investment to the real interest rate. monetary policy is better policy tool for managing the economy than fiscal policy.

The black (b) and the purple (pr) genes of Drosophila melanogaster are linked on the 2nd chromosome. The black (b) gene is found at map position 49 while the purple (pr) gene is found at map position 54. black (b) is a recessive autosomal allele that causes a black body phenotype. purple (pr) is a recessive autosomal allele that causes a purple eye phenotype. Homozygous female flies with “black” body and “purple” eyes are mated to homozygous males with dark gold body (wild type) and red eyes (wild type). a. Draw out the original cross described, showing just the 2nd chromosomes and highlighting the black body and purple eyes alleles of both the male and female flies (2 pts). b. Draw the chromosome and alleles for the F1 offspring of the parental cross (illustrated in part A) (1 pt). c. What are the phenotypes (percentage for each different phenotype) expected in the F2 generation if F1 dihybrid female flies are mated to tester males with a black body and purple eye phenotype? (2 pts).

A student performed a dihybrid cross using fruit flies. They did a parental cross between true-breeding males with baby wings and wild-type gray body color mated to true- breeding females with wild type straight wings and magenta body color. The baby wing mutation is dominant to wild-type straight wings. The magenta body color mutation is recessive to wild-type gray body color. The genes are on different chromosomes. a. Assign letter designations to the alleles of both genes. Use the naming format for Drosophila alleles (as described on page 86 of the lab manual). (1 pt). b. Write out the parental cross with their genotypes. Predict the F1 offspring, indicating their genotype and phenotype. (2 pts). c. If the F1 dihybrid females are crossed with tester males (homozygous recessive for both genes), predict the F2 phenotypic ratio. (1 pt).

3. In Drosophila fruit flies, crossveinless (cv) wings is an X-linked recessive trait which results in a wing venation pattern that doesn’t connect parallel veins. The following genotypes result in the indicated phenotype: (Weinstein, A., 1920, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. 6:625-39.) Xcv+Xcv+ = wild type wing female Xcv+Xcv = carrier female XcvXcv = mutant wing female Xcv+Y = wildtype wing male XcvY = mutant wing male a. A true-breeding wild type female mates with a crossveinless mutant male. What is the probability that their male children will have mutant phenotype wings? (2 pts). b. A carrier female fly mates with a wild type male. Show the cross in a Punnett square. What is the probability that their offspring will have crossveinless wings? What sex will an offspring with crossveinless wings be? (3 pts).

2. You discover a new gene in Drosophila melanogaster that creates mutant flies with a vibrant red body. You also discover that this gene is homozygous lethal, meaning that homozygous mutant flies don’t survive to adulthood. You decide to name this new gene lethal red (lr). A heterozygous fly (lr+/lr) produces the vibrant red body color. In the lab, you have many red-body adult females. You mate these to wild-type body males and see these F1 progeny: 246 vibrant red body females 250 wild-type body females 249 wild-type body males 0 vibrant red body males What is a possible explanation why there are no red males? Provide genotypes of the F1 offspring to support your reasoning and identify the chromosome which lethal red is on. (3 pts).

A recessive mutation named eyeless (ey) has a phenotype that produces flys without eyes. A true-breeding mutant eyeless female of Drosophila melanogaster is mated to true-breeding wild-type male flies. a. What is the phenotype and genotype of the F1 offspring? Write the genotypes using proper Drosophila format described on page 86 of the lab manual. (2 pts). b. The F1 progeny are mated to each other. Write the genotypes of all possible F2 offspring from the cross. Consider using a Punnet square to depict the cross. (2 pts).