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Purification of organic compounds distillation under reduced pressure
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I
Amity University
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Distillation under reduced pressure
The straight distillation is suitable only for liquids which boil without decomposition at atmospheric pressure. In case of organic liquids which decompose before their boiling point is reached, the distillation is carried under reduced pressure when the liquid boils at the lower temperature. A liquid boils when it's vapour pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure. When the pressure is reduced by suction, the liquid boils at a lower temperature.
The apparatus used for distillation under reduced pressure
is shown:-
➢ Claisen flask, having two neck. It is fitted with a long drawn jet , dipping in the liquid to be distilled. During the distillation, a stream of bubbles rises through the capillary of this jet and prevent bumping, which is so pronounced here than in ordinary distillation.
➢ Condenser, connected with the claisen flask on the one hand and a filtration flask, serving as a receiver, on the other.
➢ Manometer, the receiver flask is connected to an exhaust pump through a Mercury manometer which tell the pressure under which the distillation is been carried, and a trap, to eliminate any condensed liquid. The pressure in the apparatus is reduced with the help of a water pump. Whenever a lower pressure is desired, the water pump is replaced by a Mercury pump
Purification of organic compounds distillation under reduced pressure
Course: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I
University: Amity University
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