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Government Polytechnic, Pune
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MARATHWADA MITRA MANDAL’S POLYTECHNIC
THERGAON, PUNE 411027
A
PROJECT REPORT ON
VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE
Submitted by
HARSH KAMBLE
HRUSHIKESH WADGAONKAR
VIKRAM PATIL
PRAMOD KOTHERE
SUNIL PAWAR
in partial fulfillment for the award of
DIPLOMA
in
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
Mrs. JAGRUTI.K
FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR
2022- 2023.
MAHARASHTRA STATE
BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that,
Mr. Harsh Kamble Roll No. 200414
Mr. Hrushikesh Wadgaonkar Roll No. 200411
Mr. Vikram Patil Roll No. 200437
Mr. Pramod Kothere Roll No. 210478
Mr. Sunil Pawar Roll no. 210482
Sixth Semester
of
Diploma inElectrical Engineering
have completed the Project entitled Vertical Axis Wind Turbine satisfactorily
for the academic year 2022 to 2023 as prescribed in the curriculum of MSBTE
at Marathwada Mitra Mandal’s Polytechnic, Thergaon, Pune 411033.
Place: Thergaon Enrolment No.:
Date: Exam. Seat No.:
Project Guide Head of the Department
External Examiner Principal
Seal of Institution M.M,
INDEX
CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.
1INTRODUCTION
2REQUIREMENTS
2 Requirement Analysis 2 Component Required 2 Various Types of Module 2.3 RFID Reader 2.3 Keypad 3SYSTEM SPECIFICATION 3 Design Module 3 Hardware 3.2 Arduino At Mega 2560 3 Advantages 4 SYSTEM MODELING 4 Activity Diagram 4 Use Case Diagram 4 Class Diagram 4 Sequence Diagram 4 State Diagram 4 Diagram 4 Chart 5 SOFTWARE AND PROGRAMMING 5 Program Structure 5.1 Program Code 6 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND WORKING 6 System Development 6 Circuit Working
6 Circuit Diagram
7 RISK ANALYSIS
7 Performance Risk 7 Risk 7 Project Risk 7 Predictable Risk
8 TESTING 8 Formal Testing 8 Test Plan 8 Testing 8.3 Hardware/Software Testing 9 SNAPSHOTS 10CONCLUSION 10 Summary of the literature 10 Future Work 11 SCOPE 12 BIBILIOGRAPHY
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Wind energy is the test growing source of clean energy worldwide. A major issue with the technology is fluctuation in the source of wind. There is a near constant source of wind power on the highways due to rapidly moving vehicles. The motivation for this project is to contribute to the global trend towards clean energy in a feasible way. The difficulty and expense of getting fuel to remote areas of the country to use as a source of energy and the threat of expanding pollution of air have forced many countries to switch to alternative energy sources, to meet their needs. It is only now after twenty years of cheap fuel, that the true cost of energy is really being felt. By favour biggest source of primary energy has been fossil fuels burned in homes, factories and in power stations to produce heat and electricity. Not only have hydrocarbons provided us with power, they have also given us liquid fuel for transport and have been used to produce the many types of plastics we use in our daily life. Energy has been and will still be the main stay of any economy. There are many different types of energy. Potential energy is the energy available because of the position between particles for example, water stored in a dam, the energy in a coiled spring, and energy stored in molecules (gasoline). Kinetic energy is energy available in the motion of particles wind energy is one example of this. There are many examples of energy: mechanical, electrical, thermal, chemical, magnetic, nuclear, biological, tidal, geothermal, and soon. A renewable energy revolution is our hope for a sustainable future. Clearly, the future belongs to clean energy sources and to those who prepare for it now. Solar and wind energy often provide least-cost options for economic and community development in rural regions around the globe, while supplying electricity, creating local jobs, and promoting economic development with clean energy resources. The future will be a mix of energy technologies with renewable sources such as solar, wind, and biomass playing an increasingly important role in the new global energy economy. Wind turbine is a machine for converting the kinetic energy available in the wind into mechanical energy. When wind's mechanical energy is used directly by machinery to pump water or to grind stones, this machine called a wind mill. The earliest windmills were invented in Sistan, Iran in 7th century. They were used to grind corn and pump water.
CHAPTER 2
2 Problem Statement
A major range in the growth of wind energy is fluctuation in the sources of wind. Highways appear to be a sufficient source of potential wind energy. Anti-depth analysis of fluid flow due to traffic on highways must be performed to acquire boundary limits for the wind turbine design. The turbine must be able to store energy for use when there is low traffic, bumper to bumper or stop and go traffic. The design must be sustainable and environmentally friendly.
2. 2 Objectives
The motivation for designing a highway wind turbine is to contribute towards the global trend in wind energy production in a feasible way. Wind turbines are traditionally employed in rural areas, the goal of this project is to design a wind turbine that can be used in cities. In particular, the turbines will use the wind draft created by vehicles on the highway to generate electricity. The idea is to offset the amount of pollution created by burning fossil fuels by introducing a potential source of clean energy.
2 Scope of the project
Wind energy is available without any cost and it does not emit any greenhouse gases. This makes it a great source of energy production for any developing state. The field of wind energy has tremendous scope for innovation, translating to real world applications and tremendous economic opportunity. The VAWT technology is sliding into the use in small generating installations, especially in urban environments that currently have winds that are not exploited. There are studies about the omni directional-guide-vane which make power, speed and torque increase markedly in these sorts of environments. Employing Wind VAWT in/ PV hybrid power generation system can be the solution at many locations since the cost of this system is considered to be lower than the use of both individual technologies. Within the geometry field, it would tend to the increase in the number of blades, the use of different airfoils, the blade pitch angle range and the use of deflectors.
Methodology
Validity of theoretical analysis
Theoretical analysis
Group discussion
Internet
Design analysis
Visit
Manufacturing
Product testing
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Power Generation by Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Niranjana S. Asst. Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering Christ University Faculty of Engineering. Karnataka, India.
In the present work, vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is designed and fabricated as per the specification, the VAWT blades are designed with aerofoil shape, with less weight and more stiffness, the assembled VAWT is mounted on the highways of a divider, so that the air velocity obtained from the moving vehicle is sufficient enough to cut the turbine blades, VAWT is a special purpose wind mill, They are designed in such a way that the vehicle moving on both the sides of highway are capable to cut the blades of VAWT, the blades are connected to the shaft intern connected to the generator, it generates the power, the power developed by the VAWT is stored in battery, the power is used for some useful application.
⚫Thesis Prepared for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine for Collection of Highway Wind Energy Michelle Dennison, Erik Gutierrez, Edwin Moore, Advisor: Professor Benjamin Boesl, Florida International University. The whole study the topic that the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine this project focused on modeling, design, and electricity generation. It was determined that for batter efficiency airfoil is suitable for VAWT. The bearing selected is double shielded enclosed ball bearing. The project was successful as an introduction to the research and experimentation with VAWTS for group members. Every step taken in design and experimentation must be planned and meticulous.
- Design, Analysis & Power Generation through Axis Wind Turbine. Swapnil. Bhadang, Prof. Atul.S M (Heat Power Engineering) Student, Mechanical Engineering Department Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar College of Engineering & Research, Nagpur-
From the study of wind turbine technology is carried out. The design and the effectiveness of a wind turbine depends on blade design, wind availability, type of rotor selection. The performance of the wind generator depends upon the quality of construction and components used. The simple and optimum design is suggested.
By using the dimensionless numbers various calculations can be carried out. Shaft material is also an important factor, composite materials could be used and the analysis can be carried out. Shape of the blades can be changed to helical shape and the speed of rotation of the shaft can be noted with the current method. P. D Abd. Aziz A. K. R. Mohamad, F Hamidon, N. Mohamad, N. Salleh and N. Mohd Yunus, This paper presents the simulation study on the airfoil based on the vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) for low wind speed application ranging 2 to 8 meter per seconds. The main advantage VAWT compared to the horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) is the ability to capture wind from any direction. Therefore, the yaw system is not required to turn the rotor towards the wind direction. Furthermore, the noise level produced during the rotation making it suitable to be installed on residential and urban environment. However, the major drawbacks of VAWT over HAWT are less efficient due to drag and turbulent force that the blade produces and low starting torque. The aim of this study is to develop a VAWT design equipped with the advantages mentioned and to overcome the VAWT drawbacks.
may be applied either by an electrical power transmission utility to improve the stability and efficiency of the transmission network or, correction may be installed by individual electrical customers to reduce the costs charged to them by their electricity supplier. Capacitive Power Factor correction is applied to circuits which include induction motors as a means of reducing the inductive component of the current and thereby reduce the losses in the supply. Capacitors connected at each starter and controlled by each starter are known as "Static Power Factor Correction".
2.3 Static Power Factor Correction Static power factor correction is commonly applied by using one contactor to control both the motor and the capacitors. It is better practice to use two contactors, one for the motor and one for the capacitors. Where one contactor is employed, it should be up sized for the capacitive load. The use of a second contactor eliminates the problems of resonance between the motor and the capacitors.
1 CAPACITORS MPP-ROUNDHEAVYDUTYType(440V/50Hz/Delta Connected)
7No. SHREEM
2 MAININCOMER MCCB-
3Pole100AmpAsINCOMERtoconnectordisconnectthepan elfromthepowersystem.
1No. L&T
3 SPREADERLINK Spreaderlinkfor100Amp,3PoleMccb 1No. L&T
4 CONTROLLER Advance1CTTechnologyController,8StageWithLead&Lag 1No. ENTES
5 CONTACTORS
Individual ContactorstoSwitch-in&Switch- outthecapacitor at440V/230VACcoil. 7No. ENTES
6 POWERCABLE PolycabMake POLYCAB
7 CONTROLCABLE PolycabMake POLYCAB
8 CURRENTSENSORS ThreeIndependentPowerMeasuringDeviceof3Nos surethecurrent inallthethreephase.
3No. STANDERD
9 CABINATE APowderCoatedCabinateof18SWGSteelSheettoEnclose A llTheAboveItems
1No. STREAMLI NE
10 CONTROLLER PROTECTION 6AmpThreePoleMCBOR6AmpTBfuseprotectionFor Contr
ollerProtection
1No. L&T
11 INDICATOR LEDLampsRYBforindication(230VACSupply) 3No. STANDERD
12 LUG,DINRAILCHANNEL,CABLE
TRAY
1&RingType 2&RingType DinrailChannelformountingmcb&contactorsCableTrayfo rEncloseAllthecablesafely
1-
2Pkt
TRINITY
13 HARDWARE Willrequiredforallinnersideofpanel. STD
14 BUSBAR&SLEEVE Busbarfor25/5,200AmpCapacity&SleeveforRYBPhase Ind
ication
Aluminiu m
15 STEPINDICATION ON/OFFStepindicationforeachstep 7No. STD
16 STEPPROTECTION
50Amp3PMCBFor20KvarProtection 40Amp3PMCBFor15KvarProtection 25Amp3PMCBFor7 16Amp3PMCBFor4KvarProtection 10Amp3PMCBFor1&2KvarProtection2No.
7No. C&S/CHINT
17 STAND Foundation/Supportingstructureforpanelmountingfabric ated&powdercoated.
1No. STREAMLI NE
Fig. 4 Smart Door Lock System Activity diagram
4 Use Case Diagram
A UML use case diagram is the primary form of system/software requirements for a new software program underdeveloped. Use cases specify the expected behavior (what), and not the exact method of making it happen (how). Use cases once specified can be denoted both textual and visual representation (i. use case diagram). A key concept of use case modeling is that it helps us design a system from the end user's perspective. It is an effective technique for communicating system behavior in the user's terms by specifying all externally visible system behavior.
Fig. 4 Smart Door Lock System Use case diagram
4 Class Diagram
In software engineering, a class diagram in the Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a type of static structure diagram that describes the structure of a system by showing the system's classes, their attributes, operations (or methods), and the relationships among objects.
Black BOOK
Course: Industrial ac machine (22523)
University: Government Polytechnic, Pune
