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Phenytoin Synthesis
Course: Pharmacy
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University: Kerala University of Health Sciences
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Synthesis of Phenytoin
Principle:
Base catalyzed reaction between benzyl and urea is used for synthesis of phenytoin. The reaction
is proceeding via intramolecular cyclization to form an intermediate heterocylic pinacol, which
on acidification yield hydantoin (phenytoin) as a result of 1,2-diphenyl shift in pinacol
rearrangement reaction.1
Aim: To prepare phenytoin from benzil and urea.
Reaction:
Use:
It is a common antiepileptic drug.
REQUIREMENTS
Chemicals: Benzil
Urea
Sodium hydroxide
Ethanol