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Physical constants - Physics concept
Advanced Excel (Excel)
Siva Sivani Institute of Management
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University of Sussex Physics and Astronomy Examinations Sub-Board
Table of Physical Constants
Revised January 2008
Electron rest mass me 9 × 10 − 31 kg Proton rest mass Mp 1 × 10 − 27 kg Electronic charge e 1 × 10 − 19 C Speed of light in free space c 2 × 108 m s− 1 Permeability of free space μ 0 4 π× 10 − 7 H m− 1 Permittivity of free space 0 8 × 10 − 12 F m− 1 Planck’s constant h 6 × 10 − 34 J s Reduced Planck’s constant ̄h = h/ 2 π 1 × 10 − 34 J s ̄hc 197 MeV fm Boltzmann’s constant kB 1 × 10 − 23 J K− 1 Gas constant R = kB /mH 8 × 103 J kg− 1 K− 1 Molar gas constant R 8 J mol− 1 K− 1 Avogadro’s number NA 6 × 1023 mol− 1 Standard molar volume 22 × 10 − 3 m 3 mol− 1 Unified atomic mass unit ( 12 C scale) u 931 MeV/c 2 = 1× 10 − 27 kg Mass of hydrogen atom mH 1 = 1 × 10 − 27 kg Bohr magneton μB 9 × 10 − 24 A m 2 or J T− 1 Nuclear magneton μN 5 × 10 − 27 A m 2 or J T− 1 Proton magnetic moment μp 2μN Neutron magnetic moment μn -1μN Bohr radius a 0 5 × 10 − 11 m Fine structure constant α = e 2 /(4π 0 ̄hc) (137)− 1 Compton wavelength of electron λC = h/(mec) 2 × 10 − 12 m Rydberg’s constant R∞ 1 × 107 m− 1 R∞hc 13 eV Stefan-Boltzmann constant σ 5 × 10 − 8 W m− 2 K− 4 Radiation density constant a = 4σ/c 7 × 10 − 16 J m− 3 K− 4 Gravitational constant G 6 × 10 − 11 N m 2 kg− 2
Rest masses of some leptons and hadrons in MeV/c 2 :
e± 0, μ± 105, τ ± 1777, π 0 134, π± 139, K± 493, K 0 497, η 547, D 0 1865, D± 1869, p 938, n 939, Λ 0 1115, Σ+ 1189, Σ 0 1193, Σ− 1197, Ξ 0 1315, Ξ− 1321, Ω− 1672, Z 0 91× 103 , W± 80× 103.
Quark Charge I 3 S C B T Mass (GeV/c 2 ) u + 2312 0 0 0 0 ∼0. d − 13 − 12 0 0 0 0 ∼0. c + 23 0 0 +1 0 0 ∼1. s − 13 0 -1 0 0 0 ∼0. t + 23 0 0 0 0 +1 174. b − 13 0 0 0 -1 0 4.
Astrophysical Data
1 astronomical unit AU 1 × 1011 m 1 parsec pc 3 × 1016 m Luminosity of Sun L⊙ 3 × 1026 W Mass of Sun M⊙ 1 × 1030 kg Radius of Sun R⊙ 6 × 108 m Mass of Earth ME 5 × 1024 kg Radius of Earth RE 6 × 106 m
Other data and conversion factors
1 ̊angstrom ̊A 10 − 10 m 1 fermi fm 10 − 15 m 1 barn b 10 − 28 m 2 1 pascal Pa 1 Nm− 2 1 standard atmosphere 1 × 105 Pa Standard acceleration due to gravity g 9 m s− 2 1 electron volt eV 1 × 10 − 19 J eV/hc 8 × 105 m− 1 eV/kB 1 × 104 K Wavelength of 1 eV photon 1 × 10 − 6 m
Trigonometrical identities
sin(θ + φ) = sin(θ) cos(φ) + cos(θ) sin(φ) cos(θ + φ) = cos(θ) cos(φ) − sin(θ) sin(φ) sin α + sin β = 2 sin 12 (α + β) cos 12 (α − β) cos α + cos β = 2 cos 12 (α + β) cos 12 (α − β) cos α − cos β = 2 sin 12 (α + β) sin 12 (β − α) In a triangle ABC, a/ sin A = b/ sin B = c/ sin C and a 2 = b 2 + c 2 − 2 bc cos A
Prefixes
T = tera = 10 12 c = centi = 10− 2 G = giga = 10 9 m = milli = 10− 3 M = mega = 10 6 μ = micro = 10− 6 k = kilo = 10 3 n = nano = 10− 9 p = pico = 10− 12 f = femto = 10− 15
Physical constants - Physics concept
Course: Advanced Excel (Excel)
University: Siva Sivani Institute of Management
