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CPG 40 Doc Aid - Final Capstone project report

Final Capstone project report

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Capstone Project (UCS797)

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Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology

Academic year: 2024/2025

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DocAid: Real time health monitoring system

For newly born kids

Capstone Project Report

END-SEMESTER EVALUATION

Submitted By:

(101916076) Naman Kalsotra

(101916078) Prateek Rai

(101916085) Sahajdeep Singh Kharbanda

(101916100) Nidhi Bhasker

BE Fourth Year

CSE CPG No. 40

Under the Mentorship of

Dr. Prashant Singh Rana

Associate Professor

Computer Science and Engineering Department

Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala

December 2022

i TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT .......................................................................................... DECLARATION............. .......................................................................... ACKNOWLEDGEMENT....................................................................... LIST OF TABLES................................................................................ LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................-x LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. ...................................................................

INTRODUCTION 1 - 8 1 Project Overview 1 - 4 1.1 Technical Terminology 1 - 3 1.1 Problem Statement 3 1.1 Goal 3 1.1 Solution 3 - 4 1 Need Analysis 4 1 Research Gaps 5 1 Problem Definition and Scope 5 1 Assumptions and Constraints 6 1 Standards 6 - 7 1 Approved Objectives 7 1 Methodology Used 7 1 Project Outcomes and Deliverables 7 1 Novelty of Work 8
REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS 9 - 19 2 Literature Survey 9 - 15 2.1 Theory Associated with Problem Area 9 - 10 2.1 Existing Systems and Solutions 10 - 11

iii

vi DECLARATION We hereby declare that the design principles and working prototype model of the project entitled DocAid is an authentic record of our own work carried out in the Computer Science and Engineering Department, TIET, Patiala, under the guidance of Dr. Prashant Singh Rana during 6th semester (2022). Date: 17- 12 - 2022 Roll no. Name Signature 101916076 Naman Kalsotra 101916078 Prateek Rai 101916085 Sahajdeep Singh Kharbanda 101916100 Nidhi Bhasker Counter Signed By: Faculty Mentor: Dr. Prashant Singh Rana Associate Professor CSED, TIET, Patiala

vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to express our thanks to our mentor(s) Dr. Prashant Singh Rana and. He has been of great help in our venture, and an indispensable resource of technical knowledge. He is truly an amazing mentor to have. We are also thankful to Dr. Shalini Batra, Head, Computer Science and Engineering Department, entire faculty and staff of Computer Science and Engineering Department, and also our friends who devoted their valuable time and helped us in all possible ways towards successful completion of this project. We thank all those who have contributed either directly or indirectly towards this project. Lastly, we would also like to thank our families for their unyielding love and encouragement. They always wanted the best for us and we admire their determination and sacrifice. Date: 17- 12 - 2022 Roll no. Name Signature 101916076 Naman Kalsotra 101916078 Prateek Rai 101916085 Sahajdeep Singh Kharbana 101916100 Nidhi Bhasker

ix LIST OF FIGURES

4 System Architecture
4 Design Level Diagrams 23 -
4 User Interface Diagrams 36 -
4 Circuit Diagram
1. IMPLEMENTATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 38 -
- 5 Experimental Setup
- 5 Experimental Analysis 38 -
  - 5.2 Data
  - 5.2 Performance Parameters
- 5 Working of the project 40 -
  - 5.3 Procedural Workflow 40 -
  - 5.3 Algorithmic Approaches Used 42 -
  - 5.3 Project Deployment
  - 5.3 System Screenshots 46 -
- 5 Testing Process 49 -
  - 5.4 Test Plan
  - 5.4 Features to be tested
  - 5.4 Test Strategy
  - 5.4 Test Techniques
  - 5.4 Test Cases
  - 5.4 Test Results
- 5 Results and Discussions
- 5 Inferences Drawn 51 -
- 5 Validation of Objectives
1. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS 53 -
- 6 Conclusions
- 6 Environmental, Economic and Social Benefits
- 6 Reflections
- 6 Future Works iv
1. PROJECT METRICS 55 -
- 7 Challenges Faced
- 7 Relevant Subjects
- 7 Interdisciplinary Knowledge Sharing
- 7 Peer Assessment Matrix
- 7 Role Playing and Work Schedule 57 -
- 7 Student Outcomes Description and Performance Indicators (A-K Mapping)
- 7 Brief Analytical Assessment 60 -
APPENDIX A: REFERNCES
APPENDIX B: PLAGIARISM REPORT
Figure 3 Work Breakdown structure Figure No. Caption Page No.
Figure 4 System Architecture Diagram
Figure 4 Data Flow Diagram Level
Figure 4 Data Flow Diagram Level
Figure 4.4 Data Flow Diagram Level 2 (Authentication)
Figure 4.4 Data Flow Diagram Level 2 (Display Dashboard)
Figure 4.4 Data Flow Diagram Level 2 (Edit Profile)
Figure 4.4 Data Flow Diagram Level 2 (Forgot Password)
Figure 4.4 Data Flow Diagram Level 2 (System Shutdown)
Figure 4 Class Diagram
Figure 4 Component Diagram
Figure 4 Use Case Diagram
Figure 4 Activity Diagram
Figure 4 Sequence Diagram
Figure 4 State Chart Diagram
Figure 4 User Interface Diagram (Home screen)
Figure 4 User Interface Diagram (Patient Dashboard)
Figure 4 Circuit Diagram
Figure 5 Dashboard algorithm
Figure 5 Login algorithm
Figure 5 Patient details algorithm
Figure 5 Future prediction algorithm
Figure 5 Arduino get and send algorithm 44 - x
Figure 5 Patient database model algorithm
Figure 5 Local host deployment
Figure 5 Login for doctor
Figure 5 Patient dashboard
Figure 5 Patient details
Figure 5 Patient past and future graphs
Figure 5 Alert log for a patient
Figure 5 Hardware component

1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 PROJECT OVERVIEW Although the global number of newborn deaths declined from 5 million in 1990 to 2 million in 2019, children face the most significant risk of death in their first 28 days. In 2019, 47% of all under-5 deaths occurred in the newborn period, with about one-third dying on the day of birth and close to three quarters dying within the first week of life. Children who die within the first 28 days of birth suffer from conditions and diseases associated with a lack of quality care or skilled care and treatment immediately after birth and in the first days of life. India, amongst other countries, had the highest number of newborn deaths in 2019, totaling 5,22,000 as stated by WHO in their 2019 report. The project DocAid aims at helping doctors and hospital staff monitor newborn babies and reduce the number of newborn deaths. DocAid is a health monitoring device for newborn babies that can monitor the baby's heart rate, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and electrocardiogram readings and present it into a web app-based dashboard that can generate alerts when a certain reading for a baby drops or shows abnormal readings. The alerts will be sent to the doctor and staff on duty on their phone numbers. DocAid is a complete record and storage solution for patient and doctor data generated throughout the treatment. One of the aims is to help hospitals go paperless and focus more on immediate treatment. The dashboard plots real-time graphs of all the readings that are transferred from the Arduino based health band/device to the database using a Wi-Fi module. The web app has sections for the doctor to leave comments. If a new doctor is appointed to the duty, he/she can read those comments and prescriptions for the baby and decide on the treatment or the course of action in a situation of emergency. Furthermore, DocAid uses its own trained models to generate alerts when an abnormal reading is observed. 1.1 Technical Terminology

ESP 12E Wi-Fi module: The ESP-12E is a commercially available small Wi-Fi module that is used to link a microcontroller or CPU to a wireless network. The ESP-12E is based on the ESP8266EX, a wireless SoC with excellent integration (System on Chip). It may be used to add Wi-Fi capability into systems or operate as a stand-alone program. It is a low-cost alternative for developing IoT applications.

Arduino: Arduino is a free and open-source platform for building electrical projects. Arduino consists of a hardware programmable circuit board (also known as a microcontroller) and software (referred to as an IDE) that runs on your computer and is used to write and upload computer code to the physical board.
Firebase: Google Firebase is a Google-backed application development software that enables developers to develop iOS, Android and Web apps. Firebase provides tools for tracking analytics, reporting and fixing app crashes, creating marketing and product experiment.
Python: Python is an interpreted, object-oriented, high-level programming language with dynamic semantics. Its high-level built in data structures, combined with dynamic typing and dynamic binding, make it very attractive for Rapid Application Development, as well as for use as a scripting or glue language to connect existing components together
Django: Django is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design. Built by experienced developers, it takes care of much of the hassle of web development, so you can focus on writing your app without needing to reinvent the wheel. It’s free and open source.
Temperature Sensor: A temperature sensor is an electronic device that measures the temperature of its environment and converts the input data into electronic data to record, monitor, or signal temperature changes.
ECG module: ECG Monitor Sensor Module is based on AD8232 Analog Device IC. This is a cost-effective ECG Sensor used to measure the electrical activity of the heart. This electrical activity can be charted as an ECG or Electrocardiogram and output as an analog reading. ECGs can be extremely noisy, out AD8232 Single Lead Heart Rate Monitor acts as an op amp to help obtain a clear signal. This sensor can be connected to an Arduino/Raspberry Pi.
Heart rate and SpO2 meter: A pulse oximeter is a light based device used due its simplicity to measure heart rate (HR) and the arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) as a percentage of the hemoglobin in blood.

4 their own Prescriptions and Reports. This will also help in paperless record management. The AI system will also help automatically classify the vital parameter signals and predicts them for next 1 hour, 6-hour, 12 hour and 24 hours. 1 NEED ANALYSIS

When a child is sick, parents know to take them to their doctor. However, pediatrician visits are limited to infrastructure facilities and the number of doctors and hospital staff readily available for emergencies.
Prioritized visits and checks are a big problem. Regular check-ups are essential for all children to keep track of their physical, emotional, and social development. Having a centralized database of the previous hospital visits and medication and every doctor's mentioned details is very time-consuming and challenging to maintain.
Detection of a sudden change in vital readings is also a big problem. Continuous monitoring and diagnostics have shown that patients show speedy recovery. Present hardware has different sensors with different devices, and there are very few all-in-one alternatives. Wireless monitory offers a more comfortable option than the existing ones.
The advantage of more continuous monitoring for patients is that trends and Data analytics can be used to improve the detection of deterioration. The intent is not that DocAid replaces clinical surveillance but that they are used in addition to current systems to support and augment decision making. Neither continuous wireless monitoring nor integrated smart alarms have been reported in the context of pediatric wards.
Therefore, DocAid aims at solving these problems by providing vital sensors integrated into one device, with complete software support and hospital aid and alert generation system for abnormal change in reading along with a database solution for the hospitals and a paperless interaction for doctors and hospital staff so that the treatment of the patients becomes the only priority.
The software support would not require any extra hardware to extract information from the device. Instead, it would work with the hardware to store the data and extract it for real-time dashboard display.

5 1 RESEARCH GAPS

India, amongst other countries, had the highest number of newborn deaths in 2019. The project DocAid aims at helping doctors and hospital staff monitor newborn babies and reduce the number of newborn deaths.
The Doc-Aid characterizes for the most part what should be accomplished by the framework yet further subtleties on the best way to accomplish them in India's urban medical centers. Still Socio- economic factors of the rural or suburban medical centers is currently outside the scope of the project. Although since the system is manufactured indigenously it is way cheaper to install than any imported system.
The system only requires basic facilities such as electricity and Wi-Fi connection and they are the only factors affecting the installation of this system at any medical center.
Some of the research gaps identified are :
There currently exists no such system to prioritize their patients.
Considering the doctor to patient ratio of 1:854 in India, a system like DocAid will help in providing greater attention to patients currently admitted. 1 PROBLEM DEFINITION AND SCOPE Due to the lack of proper attention to the patients and newborns at the right time many patients lose their lives. Thus, there is an immediate need of a facility that helps ensure that every patient under the hospital premises is monitored 24x7 and the teams are alerted whenever there is any anomaly observed in their Essential parameters. Doc-Aid provides 24x7 monitoring of patients and also has a Web based dashboard that helps define urgency of patients admitted. This is an AI integrated and Wi-Fi enabled system that Alerts the doctors and nursing staff about critical patients. (SMS or notification on mobile). The number of sensing device can be adjusted according to the need of the hospitable thus making it Scalable. This will help the doctors visualize the previous history of patients including any previous comments of another doctor and can add their own Prescriptions and Reports. This will also help in paperless record management. The AI system will also help automatically classify the vital parameter signals and predicts them for next 1 hour, 6-hour, 12 hour and 24 hours.

7 l ISO/IEC 15504, also known as Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination (SPICE), is a collection of teсhniсаl stаndаrd dосuments for the computer software development process. 1 APPROVED OBJECTIVES l To develop a dashboard based real time heart monitoring system that monitors new born kids 24x7. l To integrate AI system that automatically classifies the heart signals. l The complete system assists the doctors for better treatment to the patients. l Implementation of Machine Learning based application for analysis of the model. l Web application for User Interface using Django 1 METHODOLOGY l Collection of datasets consisting of vitals of patients is taken using sensors. l Live data of these essential been fed into the database l Live graphs indicating any anomaly in patient health statistics l Dashboard display of patients’ statistics on doctors’ phone (Wi-Fi Enabled) l For storing and hosting and authentication google firebase is used. It is a server less backend Architecture. l For Data Analysis part, Web Application is developed using Django Framework. 1 PROJECT OUTCOMES AND DELIVERABLES: The complete Doc-Aid will assist in providing a system that aims at providing: l Web based application which displays the patient's records that is accessible to doctors 24x7. l Alerts the doctors and nursing staff about critical patients. (Email or SMS) l To integrate AI system that automatically classifies the heart signals. l The complete system assists the doctors for better treatment to the patients

8 1 NOVELTY OF WORK The idea of a Doc-Aid health monitoring system hasn't been implemented in hospitals, mostly due to the unavailability of cheap smart healthcare monitoring systems. Since the system is AI integrated and Wi-Fi Enabled, it provides 24x7 monitoring of patients. This is not only going to be cost efficient but also Scalable in nature. Doctors will be able to visualize the previous history of patients and which would further help in paperless record management. The cost will be significantly reduced due to indigenous research, development and manufacturing. This allows for even cheaper hardware systems. The implementation of machine learning algorithms is also bringing a good idea and the novelty to the table. Analysis of the data will be out main goal to that by the time our algorithms can perform better and we can able to manage patients’ health and doctor’s time.

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