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Final Literary Compendium (Early Periods in Literature)
Bachelor in Secondary Education (BSED 4101- S)
Bestlink College of the Philippines
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COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Major in English
LITERARY COMPENDIUM
Presented to
Rey-Ann Rachelle S. Palasigue
In Partial Fulfillment of the requirements in
for the subject
ENG 316- SURVEY OF ENGLISH
AMERICAN LITERATURE
By
Chan, Rose Angieleah
Tolentino, Rhea
Javier Jr., Francisco
Anquillo, Floranne
Cabullo, Gerly
Getalado, May
Joren, Mary Joy
December 2022
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1427 TALA CALOOCAN CITY
status and prestige. The Anglo-Normans wrote mainly to cater to the taste of Norman rulers. Moreover, only the monarchs and courtiers of that time had a right to encourage the literary writings.
METRICAL TALES AND ROMANCES In the middle of the fourteenth century a revival of the old English alliterative verse occurs through romances, which develops – side by side with religions literature. This literature is inspired by French romantic poems and centers around Chivalry.
Although most French and English romances tend to be secular in subject-matter, most express a pious confidence in the values of an explicitly Christian society (as opposed to a pagan or Muslim one). Most tend to present their heroes as knights pursuing a lonely quest, but they also stress the importance of the shared, communal values of a chivalric world. There is an absence of originality but the fervour of nationalism is present in the literature of this period. Heroes and subjects connected with Britain are given reference in the romantic cycles of chivalry. British stories are valued most and the native poets get material for their original works.
English Renaissance/Elizabethan Period The Renaissance Period in the history of English literature is also known as the Elizabethan Period or the Age of Shakespeare. It is, in fact, the ‘golden age’ in the history of English literature. After the Middle Ages in Europe came the Renaissance, meaning revival or rebirth. As a result, the darkness of the Middle Ages was replaced by the enlightenment of the human mind with the ‘Revival of Learning’, which the Renaissance prompted. THE RESTORATION AND 18TH CENTURY PERIOD Puritan Period o In the 17th century came the decline of the Renaissance spirit. The writers of that time either imitated the Elizabethan masters or paved new paths. The 17th century’s literature is divided into two periods—The Puritan Age or the Age of Milton (1600-1660) and the Restoration Period or the Age of Dryden (1660- 1700). Up to 1660, Puritanism dominated the 17th Century. John Milton was the greatest representative of the Puritan spirit. The Puritan movement in literature is also called the second Renaissance because of the revival of man’s moral nature. It stood for people’s liberty from the shackles of the despotic ruler and
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introduced morality and high ideals in politics. Neoclassical Period o The period between 1660 and 1798 is roughly marked as the Neoclassical Period in the history of English literature. Moreover, this time period is divided into two parts: the Restoration Period or the Age of Dryden (1660-1700), and the Classical Age or the Augustan Age (18 Century). The Classical Age is further divided into two distinct periods–the Age of Pope (1700-1744) and the Age of Johnson (1744-1784).
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Literary Term Used
- Alliterate- use alliteration as a form of poetry. One or more accented syllables in the first half of a line almost always alliterate with one or more accented syllables in the second half.
- Kenning- a compound word serving as a metaphorical name for something.
- Caesura- a break or pause in the middle of a verse line
- Animism- the doctrine that all natural objects have souls.
- Heroics- ostentatious or vainglorious or extravagant or melodramatic conduct.
- Plague - Plague is a disease that affects humans and other mammals.
- Feud - conflict between two person/family
- Kinsman - relative
- Naive - Innocent
- Patriarch - Head of the family
- Chaos - complete disorder and confusion.
- Christianity - the religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its beliefs and practices.
- Colonialist - a person who supports the practice of gaining political control over other countries and occupying them with settlers.
- Dissidents - a person who opposes official policy, especially that of an authoritarian state.
- Distinction - a difference or contrast between similar things or people.
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o We can’t deny the fact that the Norman Contest stimulated the awakening of the people, who extremely needed an outside stimulus at that time. Soon the people got influenced by a new vision and ultimately united in a common hope. As a result, the Anglo-Saxons’ hostility towards the Normans also turned into national unity.
o The Normans brought with them their soldiers, artisans, traders, chroniclers, minstrels, and scholars. With their help, they wanted to revive knowledge, record memorable events, celebrate victories, and sing of love and adventure. In addition, the most popular forms of writing for the Anglo-Normans were chronicles, religious and didactic writing, poetry, romances and drama.
METRICAL ROMANCES AND TALES o Metrical romance is a type of narrative poem that deals with the story of adventure, love, chivalry, and deeds of derring-do. It is also called Chivalric poems. They quite often contain an element of mystery and the supernatural. A popular form of entertainment from the Middle Ages until the 19th c. when the prose romance, already established in the previous century, gradually superseded it. Metrical romances do not need to have a consistent rhyme or meter although some do.
o Metrical tales rarely conform to rhythm, although they feature a systematic combination of words in the form of verses. Additionally, Metrical Tales often vary in length they can either be a brief story, or span to the expanse of a novel and anything in between.
o A metrical tale typically comprises of a series of connected events, which usually end up with a happy ending especially in romance themes; where tales are told of brave Knights facing hardships and trials in their quests for adventure. A romantic end would often suffice as a reward for their valiant accomplishments.
ELIZABETHAN PERIOD/ RENAISSANCE PERIOD Renaissance period refers to a thousand-year time span Starts with the fall of the Roman Empire around 500 CE and ends around 1500 CE This period became known as the "Renaissance" ("Rebirth") for historical reasons, the most important of which is that it is when Europe emerged from the "Dark Ages" In 1450, the invention of the Gutenberg printing press allowed for improved
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communication throughout Europe and for ideas to spread more quickly. The Renaissance was an important time in western European history that saw great advances in culture and science. The Renaissance Period started in late 14th century in Italy Florence – is considered to be the birthplace of Renaissance Period Section: The Renaissance Period lasted from 1400s until 1600s People lived very differently during the Renaissance Period. People were enjoying better living conditions than before during the era of Renaissance Period. Everyone was more wealthier and free. The economy was growing. Life was more pleasant and people were generally happy and cheerful. A lot of inventions were made and created in this time period. When the Renaissance Era reached its end, everyone wanted it to last longer. However, this period was a time where people all around the world began to realize, learn and know more about society, government, inventing as well as many other things. As a whole Renaissance Period was a time where everyone lived without fear or worry due to the fact that their lives were filled with new hope and optimism for the future. They learned many new things about the science The Renaissance is credited with bridging the gap between the Middle Ages and modern-day civilization.
THE RESTORATION AND 18TH CENTRURY PERIOD PURITAN PERIOD A reform movement that aimed to improve the structure and practices of the Church of England from the sixteenth through the eighteenth centuries is commonly referred to itself as "Puritan." In their capacity as dissidents, they travelled to distant nations in quest of economic and religious freedom. The Puritans were in charge of the Church of England's Puritanism, a movement for religious reform that developed in the second part of the 16th century. They believed that because the Church of England's practices were too close to those of the Roman Catholic Church, it should stop engaging in non-biblical practices. In the 17th century, the Puritans became recognized for their moral and religious passion, and also through church reform, they tried to make their way of life the standard for the entire nation.
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CHARACTERISTICS OF LITERATURE
A. Anglo- Saxon Period love for personal freedom responsiveness to nature religion reverence for womanhood struggle for glory. B. Anglo-French Period highly didactic reflective or meditative religious in nature. C. Metrical Tales and Romances
D. Renaissance Period Shift from religious and supernatural themes to more secular and humanistic themes Innovative use of language and poetic techniques Realism in characters and situations Focus on individualism and the inner life Use of allegory to express complex ideas Incorporation of classical mythology and antiquity Increased emphasis on humanism and individualism Exploration of philosophical and political ideas Incorporation of science and technology into literature Increased use of satire and parody Focus on the power of the individual and the potential of human creativity E. The Restoration and 18th Century
- Puritan Period Early American Puritan literature typically used the format of journals and diaries and was written in the first person. Journals were kept by early American colonists to document their daily lives as well as their travels to and experiences upon arrival in America. In addition, many Puritans wrote to their friends and family who remained in Europe. Very little fiction was published during this time because the Puritans favored realistic literature with a strong religious
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theme. Three important Puritan genres included: ➢ Sermons ➢ Historical narrative ➢ Poetry
● Influence Puritans had strong religious beliefs that were focused on their interpretation of Christianity. The Puritans' daily life was heavily influenced by the Bible. Regular church attendance and home Bible reading were practices among families. Because of this impact, the majority of Puritan writing is based on Bible literary forms. To make their views, Puritans connected their own lives to biblical stories and events as well as to biblical figures. ● Plain Styles Based on the ideas of simplicity and humility, Puritans lived a comfortable lifestyle. Their religious convictions and the Bible have an influence on this. Puritans were s by extravagant dress and haughty attitudes. With its straightforward writing style, Puritan writing imitates these cultural principles. Puritans avoided much of the elaborate writing style that spread throughout Europe and instead wrote concisely and to the point. Puritans were able to convey information by using short, everyday terms without feeling like they were promoting themselves. ● Purpose Puritan writers aimed their writing at specific goals. Even the letters they sent to loved ones in Europe served a role beyond just keeping in touch and exchanging life updates. The Puritans' writing illustrated the principles of their religion, including the significance of the church and the role of God in their life, and how their religious convictions affected every aspect of their existence. Writing frequently evolved into instruction, imparting Christian principles. The Puritans rejected "entertainment" genres like theater (plays) and fiction novels because they did not think that literature should be read for enjoyment.
- Neoclassical Period Order Accuracy Structure.
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Geoffrey Chaucer (Anglo-French Period)
Geoffrey Chaucer was an English poet, author, and civil servant best known for The Canterbury Tales. He has been called the "father of English literature", or, alternatively, the "father of English poetry". He was the first writer to be buried in what has since come to be called Poets' Corner, in Westminster Abbey.
William Shakespeare (Renaissance Period) William Shakespeare was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon"
Alexander Pope (Neoclassical Period)
Alexander Pope was an English poet, translator,
and satirist of the Enlightenment era who is
considered one of the most prominent English
poets of the early 18th century
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Sample of Different Literary Works
Final Literary Compendium (Early Periods in Literature)
Course: Bachelor in Secondary Education (BSED 4101- S)
University: Bestlink College of the Philippines
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