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Kuebiko RF2020 Papers - High school research paper

High school research paper

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Civil Engineering

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Bicol University

Academic year: 2019/2020

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Republic of the Philippines

Department of EducationRegion V (Bicol)

LEGAZPI CITY SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOLLegazpi City Division Bitano, Legazpi City

Project Kuebiko:

Solar-Powered Directional Arduino-based Pest

Repellent for Fowls, Birds, and Rodents

A Science Investigatory Project Presented toThe Panel of Research Festival 2020

JAMES EDWARD NOEL AGRIPA

IVAN DESPABILADERASRADIE ARNALDO

JANNEL MENDEE CALLEJAJOSHUA MACASINAG

Researchers

SONNY A. JACOB

Adviser

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers take this opportunity to express their profound gratitude and deep regards to Mr. Sonny A. Jacob, their content adviser for his exemplary guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement throughout the course of the study. The blessings, help and guidance given by his time shall carry the researchers a long way in the journey of life on which they are about to embark.

The researchers are grateful for the time and effort spent on the study by Engr. Ronnie Macasinag for helping and guiding them on making the study possible.

The named authors of the study commend Ivan Roy Despabiladeras and Jannel Mendee Calleja’s support and participation in the study. The study would not be possible without their participation and contribution to the team.

The researchers will also take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude to their classmates and friends for their cordial support, valuable information and guidance, which helped the researchers in completing this task through various stages.

Lastly, the researchers thank almighty God, their parents, brother, sisters and friends for their constant encouragement without which this assignment would not be possible.

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TABLE TITLE

1 PIR Sensor Delay Testing Result 2 GSM Module Receive Delay Testing Results 2 GSM Module Send Delay Testing Results 3 DHT 11, Digital Thermometer

4 Comparison of Different Types of Insectand Humidity Gauge Comparison Test Results Repellent System

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE

1 Block Diagram of Input Process and Output 2 Fritzing Diagram of the Circuit

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11

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9 RATIONALE

The agricultural field marks a huge boundary in the life of an economy with the rapid risen development independently in various regions. Agriculture, for decades, had been associated with the production of basic food crops. The development of

Joshua Macasinag 09205662335 mcshineron @yahoo

Radie Arnaldo 09388658673 arnaldoradie02@yahoo

James Edward Noel Agripa 09777588981 jamesedwardnoel @yahoo m

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create and innovate a device that is powered by a solar panel to repel pests in an agricultural area
modify codes and program the Arduino to operate the input and output components
to create a device that conforms with ISO/IEC 25010 specifically in the compatibility and usability of the device output

Hypothesis

The Project Kuebiko: Solar-Powered Directional Arduino-Based Pest Repellent will function properly and can be used as a pest repellent that will lessen the workload of farmers.

Research Procedures

A. Planning and Brainstorming

B. Gathering of hardware components to be used as sensors and out device

C. The researchers will research about the specification and purposes of each component

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D. The researchers will modify existing connections and configurations from the hardware components

E. The assembling phase includes assembling the components into a fully- functional device and program the Arduino

F. The researchers will test, troubleshoot and calibrate the device

References Blackwell, B. F., Bernhardt, G. E., & Dolbeer, R. A. (2002). Lasers as Nonlethal Avian Repellents. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 66(1), 250. doi:10/ Gottlieb, I. M. (n.). Practical Oscillator Handbook. Retrieved from sciencedirect/book/9780750631020/practical-oscillator-handbook. Journal, I. R. J. E. T. (n.). ENVIRONMENT BASED IRRIGATION SYSTEM USING WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY. Retrieved from academia/35975327/ENVIRONMENT_BASED_IRRIGATION_SYSTE M_USING_WIRELESS_TECHNOLOGY?auto=download.

specifically in the compatibility and usability output. Functionality as an innovation design structure of a stationary electronic 360-degree rotating device with a motion sensor feature for the application of pest exposure elimination by the implementation of ultrasonic sound frequency in specific range of setting in an area. In addition, the researchers also provide an area temperature and humidity sensor status feature in the device setting providing the user an access in the activity of the specific area via SMS alerting system in terms of the pest control program, temperature and humidity status. The researchers tested the device functionality, accessibility and effectiveness in terms of the output in both pest elimination using ultrasonic sound and the area temperature and humidity status feature. The output frequency of 24-30kHz presented to eliminate pest exposure in the specific area and and outputs an accessible and effective user providing system in terms of the area temperature and humidity level status in a comparison test between DHT II sensor , digital room thermometer and and humidity gauge in the specific set location.

Introduction

The agricultural sector is one of the latest industries in developing technologies in the field as it marks a huge ecological footprint, various applications, and significant roles in food security, political stability, and world peace. According to Cornell Alliance for Science, agriculture accounts for 33 percent of global greenhouse gas emission and as much as 75 percent of nitric oxide emission. Additionally, it’s accountable for 70 percent of world water use, 50 percent of the top soil loss, and it is also liable for 80 percent of the planet’s deforestation.

Pest control had been one of the most viewed and subjected issue in the agricultural field for the past few years and still outgoing in this generation. Pest are nuisance and cannot be completely eliminated overtime. The cultivation of agricultural innovation in forming an array of technologies subjected in pest control activities. It is the action taken to help keep the number of pets down to a level where the risk to people, their food and the environment is minimized. Control is necessary, so that people, their stock and food supplies are not destroyed or contaminated and the health of humans is not put in unnecessary risk.

Pest is any animal or plant which has a harmful effect on human, their food, or their living condition. These includes animals which carry disease- causing micro-organisms and parasites, attacks vegetables and crops, damages

3 Solar Powered Smart Ultrasonic Insect Repellent with DTMF and Manual Control for Agriculture (Rashid, 2017). The study was designed and developed to resolve various problems caused by ants, insects, pests, rodents, etc. The device is environmental friendly for it does not cause pollution unlike other chemical repellents. The circuit has been experimentally tested on ants, bugs, and small insects, and it has been successful in repelling them through the generation of ultrasonic frequency sound.

Design of Bird’s Detector and Repellent Using Frequency Based Arduino Uno with Android System (Siahaan, Wardijono, and Mukhlis, 2017) This design aims to make pest repellent using microcontroller with ultrasonic wave.

Plant Protection and Pest Control Using Low Cost Sensor Based Embedded System (Shinde, Srivastava, July 2017). The device is employed in an Embedded System for plant protection and pest control using beta regression model that is based mainly on humidity and temperature sensors which are real time values in the environment. The system was found to be comfortable for farmers to use as they could effectively control the farm.

Environment Based Irrigation System Using Wireless Technology (Ahadit, Aravindkumar, Blaj, et. al, January 2018). The study was designed to have an automated irrigation to the plants to help save money and water that is controlled using ATMEGA 328 Arduino. This device used Moisture Sensor, humidity sensor and ultrasonic sensor connected to the arduino.

4 The main objective of the study is to create Kuebiko that specifically aims to 1) create and innovate a device that is powered by a solar panel to repel pests in an agricultural area 2) modify codes and program the Arduino to operate the input and output components 3)to create a device that conforms with ISO/IEC 25010 specifically in the compatibility and usability of the device output.

The name Kuebiko is inspired from a “Shinto kami” or Japenese deity of knowledge and agriculture. Kuebiko is represented as an immobile scarecrow with a comprehensive awareness of the world.

The Project Kuebiko: Solar-Powered Directional Arduino-Based Pest Repellent will function properly and can be used as a pest repellent that will lessen the workload of farmers.

The significance of the Project Kuebiko: Solar-Powered Directional Arduino-Based Pest Repellent will be observed and will take on effect on farmers as the this device can benefit them as it lessens the burden of their work in removing pests hence decreasing the number of pests on farmlands; The Agricultural Sector will also benefit on the said device as it will provide agricultural pest solutions that can protect farmlands from multiple pests; The Environment will also be part of its significance as the device will comply on the objectives of basic environmental needs to certain crops that provide them better growth and health; Future researchers can benefit this study as they can continue to develop and improve the device.

Methodology

The researchers underwent series of researches and brainstorming to identify the problem that is tackled in the study. The researchers focused in creating and innovating a device that conformed with ISO/IEC 2510, that repels pests without the environmental hazards present in pesticides.

The researchers gathered hardware components to be used as sensors and output device. The materials were as follows: Arduino Uno; 3V CR 1220 Batter y; Breadboard; 3 to 5V Charger; Double Side Tape; Jumper Wires; 3V Laser Pointer; Lead Wire; Solar Panel 6V; Passive Infrared Sensor (PIR); Piezo Speaker 8-ohm; Plastic Bucket; 5V 2 amperes Powerbank; Servo Motor; Sim Card; Sim 900 GPRS/GSM Shield; 6V Solar Panel, Soldering Iron, Tupperware; and USB Cable.

The device is divided into three major parts of input, process and output. Figure 1 shows the block diagram of the device.

The input is designed to: detect motions from birds, fowl, and rodents; measure temperature and humidity level; and receive commands from mobile phones through SMS. The input is processed in the Arduino Microcontroller to the output part of the device. The output is designed to: update the device user through SMS; repel pests; rotate the servo motor to areas with detected pest.

The researchers modified existing connections and configuration from the hardware components in order to assemble the device. The design of the device is illustrated in figure 2.

The assembling phase includes programming the Arduino Microcontroller and assembling the hardware components in order to build the device. All hardware parts are connected to the Arduino for different sets of command. The PIR Sensor is used to capture the movement of pests. When a movement is captured by the sensor, the device will automatically receive information if the pest is detected. 8 ohm Piezo Speaker that produce frequencies as repellents is used as an output component to repel pests that are sensitive to sound such as birds and chickens. In building the ultrasonic speaker, the researchers determined in advance the frequency that affects birds and chicken. The researchers used 5kHz - 40 kHz as the range of the sound output because the

 Servo Motor  GSM Module  Piezoelectric Speaker

 Passive Infrared Sensor  DHT II  LASER Pointer  GSM Module

 ArduinoMicrocontroller  Source Code

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Fig 1. Block Diagram of Input, Process and Output

Fig 2. Fritzing Diagram of the Circuit The researchers tested, troubleshooted and calibrated the device after the assembling phase. A summative usability testing has been used in device testing. The device is evaluated to assess the usability and performance. It is also conducted to determine how user friendly the system are. The device is tested in an agricultural land with presence of pests and if the pests are repelled, the device is deemed effective.

RESULTS

A. Analysis of PIR Sensor as Movement Detector

The researchers placed the PIR Sensor in an open space, then created motion by walking past the device with a distance of 50cm to 750 cm in order to identify the range that the PIR Sensor will respond. If motion is detected, the servo motor will rotate together with the head of Kuebiko and produce high frequency sound, if no motion is detected then the head will stop moving and the frequency will be raised to 20kHZ hence unperceivable by the human ear. Table 1 shows the results of the test to determine the response of the PIR Sensor from varying distances.

Table 1. PIR Sensor Testing Results No. Distance (cm) Motion Detection 1 50 Responding 2 100 Responding 3 150 Responding 4 200 Responding 5 250 Responding 6 300 Responding 7 350 Responding 8 400 Responding 9 450 Responding 10 500 Responding 11 550 Responding 12 600 Responding 13 650 Not Responding 14 700 Not Responding 15 750 Not Responding

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