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Intellectual revolutions that shaped society across time

Intellectual revolutions refer to the series of events that led to the...
Course

Science, Technology and Society (GEC103)

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Students shared 210 documents in this course
Academic year: 2021/2022
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Cagayan State University

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Module 1

Lesson 4

Learning Outcomes:

At the end of lesson, the learner is able to:

  1. identify the intellectual revolutions that shaped society across time,

  2. explain how intellectual revolutions transformed the views of a society

Discussion:

Intellectual revolutions refer to the series of events that led to the emergence of modern science and the progress of scientific thinking across critical periods in history.

There are three most important ones that altered the way humans view science and its impact to society.

  1. Copernican Revolution
  • The Copernican revolution refers to the 16th century paradigm shift, Nicolaus Copernicus formulated the heliocentric model of the universe. He repositioned the earth from the center of the solar system and introduced the idea that the earth rotates on its axis. The model illustrated the earth with other heavenly bodies to be rotating around the sun.

However, the Copernican model had also inadequacies. But it was soon accepted by a profound scientist, Galileo Galilei.

  1. Darwinian Revolution
  • Charles Darwin is credited for stirring another important intellectual revolution in the mid 19th century.

The Darwinian revolution was guided by confidence in human reason’s ability to explain phenomenon in the universe. Darwin presented the natural selection, an evolutionary process which organisms including humans, inherit, develop and adapt traits that favoured survival and reproduction. Thus, the Darwinian revolution develops the origin of the unique forms of life and humanity.

  1. Freudian Revolution

-Sigmund Freud is credited for his 20th intellectual revolution, the Freudian revolution. Freud presented psychoanalysis, a scientific method of understanding inner and unconscious conflicts embedded within one’s personality, associated with dreams, and fantasies of individuals.

Psychoanalysis was was set into controversies because it emphasized the existence of the unconscious where feelings, thoughts, urgrs, emotions, and memories are contained outside of one’s conscious mind.

Freud suggested that humans are inherently pleasure-seeking individuals. Psychoanalysis was criticized particularly on the notion that all humans are destined to exibit Oedipus and electra complexes.

Assessment:

References:

Casas, John Miller et al. (2020), Science, Technology and Society, C&E Publishing Inc.

Quinto, Edward and Nieva Aileen, (2019), Science, Technology, and Society, C&E Publishing Inc.

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Intellectual revolutions that shaped society across time

Course: Science, Technology and Society (GEC103)

210 Documents
Students shared 210 documents in this course

University: Cagayan State University

Was this document helpful?
Module 1
Lesson 4
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of lesson, the learner is able to:
1. identify the intellectual revolutions that shaped society across time,
2. explain how intellectual revolutions transformed the views of a society
Discussion:
Intellectual revolutions refer to the series of events that led to the emergence of modern science and
the progress of scientific thinking across critical periods in history.
There are three most important ones that altered the way humans view science and its impact to
society.
1. Copernican Revolution
- The Copernican revolution refers to the 16th century paradigm shift, Nicolaus Copernicus formulated
the heliocentric model of the universe. He repositioned the earth from the center of the solar system
and introduced the idea that the earth rotates on its axis. The model illustrated the earth with other
heavenly bodies to be rotating around the sun.
However, the Copernican model had also inadequacies. But it was soon accepted by a profound scientist,
Galileo Galilei.
2. Darwinian Revolution
- Charles Darwin is credited for stirring another important intellectual revolution in the mid 19 th
century.
The Darwinian revolution was guided by confidence in human reason’s ability to explain phenomenon
in the universe. Darwin presented the natural selection, an evolutionary process which organisms
including humans, inherit, develop and adapt traits that favoured survival and reproduction. Thus, the
Darwinian revolution develops the origin of the unique forms of life and humanity.

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