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EIM Y1 Module 1
arts and home industries (tle 234)
Cebu Technological University
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Republic of the Philippines Department of Education PUBLIC TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLS
Unit of Competency: FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICITY
Module No.: 1 Module Title: BASIC ELECTRICITY
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Copyright Department of Education 2008
First Published JUNE 2008
This draft was prepared during the Competency-Based Learning Materials Development Workshop conducted at the Marikina Hotel, Marikina City on February 18-22, 2008 and finalized on May 23-25, 2008 at the Development Academy of the Philippines (DAP), Tagaytay City.
This learning instrument was developed by the following personnel:
Technology Teacher:
Mr. Lyndon L. Catequista Marcelo I. Cabrera Vocational High School San Aquilino, Roxas, Oriental Mindoro
Contextual Teacher:
Ms. Gina C. delos Santos A.F. Bernardino Memorial Trade School Lias, Marilao, Bulacan
Facilitators:
Dr. Corazon Echano TechVoc Task Force
Encoder:
Mr. Lemuel C. Valles Administrative Officer II Educational Information Division
Fund: Department of Education
REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
Azares, Efren F. and Recana, Cirilo B. Practical Electricity III; Adriana Publishing: 1999.
Agpaoa, Feleciano. Interior and Exterior Wiring Troubleshooting; National Bookstore: 1991.
Fajardo, Max B. and Fajardo, Leo R. Electrical Layouts and Estimates. 2nd Edition.
Cardenas, Elpidio J. Fundamental and Elements of Electricity.
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HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Welcome to the Module “Basic Electricity”. This module contains training materials and activities for you to complete.
The unit of competency “Fundamentals of Electricity” contains the knowledge, skills and desirable attitude required for Building Wiring Installation course National Certificate (NC) Level II.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. In each learning outcome there are Information Sheets, Job Sheets, Operation Sheets and Activity Sheets. Do these activities on your own and answer the Self-Check at the end of each learning activity.
If you have questions, do not hesitate to ask your teacher for assistance.
Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)
You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills covered in this module. If you can demonstrate competence to your teacher in a particular skill, talk to your teacher so you do not have to undergo the same training again. If you have a qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous trainings, show it to him/her. If the skills you acquired are consistent with and relevant to this module, they become part of the evidence. You can present these for RPL. If you are not sure about your competence / skills, discuss this with your teacher.
After completing this module ask your teacher to assess your competence. Result of your assessment will be recorded in your competency profile. All the learning activities are designed for you to complete at your own pace.
In this module, you will find the activities for you to complete and relevant information sheets for each learning outcome. Each learning outcome may have more than one learning activity.
This module is prepared to help you achieve the required competency in receiving and relaying information. This will be the source of information that will enable you to acquire the knowledge and skills in Building Wiring Installation NC II independently at your own pace or with minimum supervision or help from your teacher.
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Program/Course: BUILDING WIRING INSTALLATION NC II
Unit of Competency: FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTICITY
Module Title: Basic Electricity
INTRODUCTION:
This module contains information and suggested learning activities on the fundamental and elements of electricity. It includes instruction and procedure on basic electricity.
This module consists of six (6) learning outcomes. Each learning outcome contains learning activities supported by instruction sheets. Before you perform the instruction sheets, read the information sheets and answer the self-check and activities provided to ascertain to yourself and your teacher. He /she will check if you have acquired the knowledge necessary to perform the skill portion of the particular learning outcome.
Upon completing this module, report to your teacher to assess your performance. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate of completion.
SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of the module, you should be able to:
LO 1. apply relevant electrical theories and principles; LO 2. identify sources of electricity; LO 3. perform taps, splices and joints on electrical conductor; LO 4. connect electrical circuits; LO 5. identify resistor; and LO 6. identify capacitors and convert capacitor value.
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
Refer to the assessment criteria of learning outcomes # 1-4 of this module.
PREREQUISITE:
None
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Program/Course: BUILDING WIRING INSTALLATION NC II
Unit of Competency: FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTICITY
Module Title: Basic Electricity
Learning Outcome 1: Apply relevant electrical theories and principles
Assessment Criteria:
- The principles and theories of electron are applied when dealing with electrical works.
- The atomic structure is illustrated.
References:
Azares, Efren F. and Recana, Cirilo B. Practical Electricity III; Adriana Publishing: 1999.
Agpaoa, Feleciano. Interior and Exterior Wiring Troubleshooting; National Bookstore: 1991.
Fajardo, Max B. and Fajardo, Leo R. Electrical Layouts and Estimates. 2nd Edition.
Cardenas, Elpidio J. Fundamental and Elements of Electricity.
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LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome 1: Apply relevant electrical theories and principles
Learning Activities Special Instruction
Read Information Sheet 1 about the relevant electrical theories and principles.
Perform the Activity Sheet 1 on a separate sheet of paper.
Answer Self-Check 1.
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The attraction between the nucleus and the electron is called electrostatic force, which holds the electron in an orbit. Bodies that attract each other in this special electrostatic way are described as charged object. The electron carries the negative charge (-), while the nucleus carries the positive charge (+).
The positive charge of the nucleus is due to the particles called protons which are found inside the nucleus and have a positive charge equal to the electron’s negative charge.
The structure of neutrons in the atoms showing the position of its proton, electron, nucleus and neutron is shown below.
Nucleus
Electron Electron force holds the electron orbit.
Proton
Electron
Nucleus
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First Law of Electrostatics
The protons and electrons attract each other inside the atom. It has been known that by nature, unlike charges (like the positive protons and negative electrons) attract each other while like charges repel each other; meaning, electrons and protons repel each other’s protons.
Like charges repel each other
Unlike charges attract each other
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III. Directions: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer in the box below. Write your answer on a separate answer sheet.
- What is found at the center body of an atom?
- What do you call the attraction between the nucleus and the electron?
- What do you call the positively charged particle of an atom?
- What do you call the negatively charged particle of an atom?
- What particle of an atom is not electrically charged?
A-Electron D-proton B-neutron E-nucleus C-proton F-electrostatic force
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ACTIVITY SHEET 1.
Attraction by a charge object
Supplies and Materials
Comb Small pieces of paper Dry woolen cloth Ballon Wall Dry fine sand
Working Drawing
COMB BALLON Procedure
Put the tip of your comb near the small pieces of paper. What happened?
Rub your comb briskly with a dry woolen cloth.
Put again the tip of your comb towards some tiny pieces of paper. What happened to the tiny pieces of paper? Compare your observation with the second step.
Rub the inflated balloon with the woolen cloth.
Put the balloon against the wall. Why did the balloon stick on the wall? Do you think the same will happen without rubbing the balloon?
Rub the balloon with the woolen cloth again.
Hold the balloon over very dry fine sand. What happened to the sand as you brought the balloon near to it? What kind of electricity was produced when you rubbed two materials of different kind?
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Program/Course: BUILDING WIRING INSTALLATION NC II
Unit of Competency: FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICITY
Module Title: Basic Electricity
Learning Outcome 2: Identify sources of electricity
Assessment Criteria:
- Brief history of electricity is discussed
- The sources of electricity are identified.
- The principles and operations of each source are explained.
References:
Azares, Efren F. and Recana, Cirilo B. Practical Electricity III; Adriana Publishing: 1999.
Agpaoa, Feleciano. Interior and Exterior Wiring Troubleshooting; National Bookstore: 1991.
Fajardo, Max B. and Fajardo, Leo R. Electrical Layouts and Estimates. 2nd Edition.
Cardenas, Elpidio J. Fundamental and Elements of Electricity; National Bookstore: 1989.
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LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome 2: Identify sources of electricity
Learning Activities Special Instruction
Read the Information Sheet 2. about the brief history and sources of electricity
Answer the Self-Check 2.
Read Information Sheet 2. about the types of mechanical power plants.
Answer the Self-Check 2.
Answer the Activity Sheet 2.
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Sources of electricity
Friction -It is a static electricity which is generated by rubbing two materials.
Chemical action - It is a great deal of the world’s electricity produced by batteries. These devices generate a different potential means of chemical action.
Heat action - Two dissolution metals bonded together in a junction when heated, exhibits a difference of potential. Such bond is called thermocouple. The trip of an iron wire, for example, may be welded to that of a copper wire. When, this junction is heated, the iron wire shows a positive charge and the copper wire has a negative charge. Electricity generated by heat action is called thermoelectric.
Light action - Photo cells are semi-conduction devices which convert light electrical energy directly into electrical energy. Either sunlight or artificial illumination may be employed. This action is due to the ability of lights energy to free electrons from the atoms of the semi- conductor material. This process is called photo- electricity.
Pressure - It is a difference of potential appears across the face of certain crystal such as quarts, when they are squeezed or stretched. This is called piezo-electricity.
Mechanical action - All electricity in large useful amount is at present produced by rotating machines working with the use of magnets. These machines, known as generator, are turned by water power, gas engines or steam engines and sometimes by electric motor. There are many different types of mechanical power plants to produce electrical energy.
Hydropower is an energy obtained from flowing water. Energy in water can be harnessed and used in the foot motive energy or temperature differences. The most common application is the dam.
Power produced by the fall of water from a higher to a lower level and extracted by means of waterwheels or hydraulic turbines. Hydro-power is a natural resource available wherever a sufficient volume of steady water flow exists.
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Nuclear Power is the method in which steam is produced by heating water through a process called nuclear fission. In a nuclear power plant, a reactor contains a core of nuclear fuel, primary enriched uranium. When atoms of uranium fuel are hit by neutrons they fission (split), releasing heat neutrons.
Nuclear power is an electrical power produced from energy released by controlled fission or fusion of atomic nuclei in a nuclear reaction. Mass is converted into energy and the amount of released energy greatly exceeds that from chemical processes such as combustion.
Solar Power is a power derived from the energy of the sun. A radiant energy produced in the Sun as a result of nuclear fusion reactions. It is transmitted to the earth through space by electromagnetic radiation in quanta of energy called photons which interact with the earth’s atmosphere and surface.
Wind Power is the kinetic energy of wind or the extraction of this energy by wind turbines. Windmill machine converts wind into useful energy. This energy is derived from the force of wind acting on oblique blades or sails that radiate from a shaft. The turning shaft may be connected to machinery used to perform such work as milling grain, pumping water, or generating electricity. When the shaft is connected to a load, such as a pump, the device is typically called a windmill. When it is used to generate electricity, it is known as a wind turbine generator.
Fossil Fuel Power Plant (FFPP) – (also known as steam electric power plant in the
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EIM Y1 Module 1
Course: arts and home industries (tle 234)
University: Cebu Technological University
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