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Parenteral Administration notes
nursing (NCM116)
De La Salle Lipa
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NCM-
Care of Clients with Problems in Oxygen, Fluid, Electrolytes, Infectious, Inflammatory,
Immuno (RLE)
(Parenteral Administration) | SEM 1 2022
PARENTERAL ADMINISTRATION
● injection or infusion by means of a needle or catheter inserted into the body ● utilizes intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous injections to deliver medication. ● There are advantages and drawbacks when using this method of medication administration: - Drugs have more rapid action, but shorter duration - Doses are smaller as the drug potency is stronger - Drug costs are more expensive, but the drug is more completely absorbed
INJECTION
- Syringe: device made of hollow tube and needle; used to force fluids into or take fluids out of the body.
- The length of a needle - measured in inches from the
- juncture of the hub and the shaft to the tip of the point.
- The gauge of a needle, used to designate the size of the lumen, ranges from 27 ( finest) to 13 ( largest).
- When looking at a needle package, the first number - gauge or diameter of the needle and the second number - length.
- As the gauge number becomes larger, the size of the needle becomes smaller.
DRUG CALCULATIONS
INTRADERMAL INJECTION
● Given into the dermal layer of the skin for some purposes: - Local anesthesia - Diagnostic tests - Immunization (BCG vaccine) - Skin test ● Needle used is a short (3/8 inch) length, gauge (25 - 27G). ● Small volumes, usually 0 to 0, are injected
because of the small tissue space. ● Syringe is positioned at 10 -15 angle̊ ̊. ● Create small bubble like or wheal
SITES FOR INTRADERMAL INJECTION
PROCEDURES
Check the 5 Rights then:
Wash hands and Take equipment to the patient's side.
Explain procedure to patient.
Locate the site of injection, and cleanse the skin with a spirit swab, allow the area to dry.
Remove needle cap and hold syringe at 10 -15̊ ̊angl e from skin with bevel up and Inject the solution.
Remove the needle quickly but gently at the same angle used for injection.
6 with dry cotton ball but do not press or massage the injection site.
Chart the data and time of the administration of the drug.
Take care of the equipment
& return to their places.
SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION
● Injecting of drug under the skin in the subcutaneous tissue for some purposes - Commonly for insulin injections - Heparin injections - Many vaccines (MMR) ● Needle used is (3/8 to 1 inch) length, gauge (24-27g) (But Insulin needle=28-30g.) ● No more than 1 mL should be injected to avoid pressure on sensory nerves causing pain and discomfort ● Inject the needle at an angle of 45 ̊or 90 , depending̊ on the amount and thickness of the tissue and the length of the needle.
SITES FOR SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION
PROCEDURES
Check the 5 Rights then:
Wash hands and Take equipment to the patient's side.
Explain procedure to patient.
Locate the site of injection, and cleanse the skin with a spirit swab, allow the area to dry.
Remove needle cap and hold syringe at 45 ̊angle , then inject the needle
Remove the needle quickly but gently at the same angle
used for injection.
Chart the data and time of the administration of the drug.
Take care of the equipment & return to their places.
INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION
● Injecting of drug into a body's system via the muscles ● Used to administer: - Some antibiotics – Vitamins or iron - Some Vaccines (DTP) ● Needle used is (1-1 inch) length, gauge(19-22G). ● Volume usually 2-5 ml are injected at an angle of 90 ̊
SITES FOR INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION
PROCEDURES
Check the 5 Rights then:
Wash hands and Take equipment to the patient's side.
Explain procedure to patient.
Locate the site of injection, and cleanse the skin with a spirit swab, allow the area to dry.
Remove needle cap and hold syringe at 90 ̊angle , then inject the needle
Draw back the plunger to check you are or aren't in the blood vessel (Blood return
Parenteral Administration notes
Course: nursing (NCM116)
University: De La Salle Lipa
