- Information
- AI Chat
SPED - Lecture notes 1,2,3
Secondary Education Math (Gen Ed 003)
Eastern Visayas State University
Recommended for you
Preview text
CHAPTER 3
MEANING OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND CATEGORIES OF CHILDREN WITH
SPECIAL NEEDS
What is Special Education?
refers to the education of all those children and youth whose needs arise from disabilities or learning difficulties. Special education refers to a range of services that can be provided in different ways and in different settings. There’s no “one size fits all” approach to special education. It’s tailored to meet the needs of students with disabilities.
Current literature defines special education as:
- Individually Planned Instruction In the United States, the law on Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) requires that an individualized education program ( IEP ) be developed and implemented for every special education student between ages 3 to 21. The basic requirements of IDEA are: (1) the child’s present level of performance, academic achievement, social adaptation, prevocational and vocational skills, psychomotor skills and self-help skills; (2) annual goals describing the educational performance to be achieved by the end of each school year; (3) short-term instructional objectives presented measurable, intermediate steps between the present level of educational performance and the annual goals; (4) specific educational services, and ; (5) needed transition services from age 16 or earlier before the student leaves the school setting.
- Systematically Implemented and Evaluated Instruction Requires educational services, curriculum goals, competencies and skills, educational approaches, strategies, and procedures in the evaluation of learning skills.
- Personal Self-Sufficiency Child become independent from the assistance of adults and development, homemaking, community life, vocational and leisure activities, and travel.
- The Present Environment It refers to the current conditions in the life of the child with a disability.
- The Future Environment Forecast of how the child with a disability can move on to the next level of education, from elementary to college, vocational program, and finally to the workplace where he/she gainfully employed.
Who are Exceptional Children or Children and Youth with Special Needs?
There are 4 points of view about special education (Heward, 2003).
- Special education isa legislatively governed enterprise. Article IV, Section 1 and 5 and Article XIII, Section 11 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution guarantee that the State shall protect and promote the rights of all citizens to quality education at all levels and shall take appropriate steps to make such education available to all.
R 7272- The Magna Carta for Disabled – provides for the rehabilitation, self-development and self-reliance of disabled persons and their integration into mainstream society. The Philippines Policies and Guidelines for Special Education provides that every child with special needs has a right to an educational program that is suitable to his/her needs. 2. Special Education is a part of the country’s educational system Special education is a part of the Department of Education’s basic education program. With its modest historical beginning in 1907, special is now a major part of the basic education program in elementary and secondary schools. 3. Special Education is teaching children with special needs in the least restrictive environment Teaching is what special education is all about. From this perspective, special is defined in terms of who, what, how and were based on its implementation. WHO: The exceptional children or the children and youth with special education needs are the most important person persons in special education. WHAT: Every exceptional child need access to a differentiated and modify curricular program to enable him/her to learn competencies and the basic education curriculum. HOW: Children with mental retardation are thought adaptive skills and basic academic content that are suitable to their mental ability. Gifted children are provided with enrichment activities and advance content knowledge so that they can learn more that what basic education curriculum offers. WHERE: There are several placements for these children, the most preferred is inclusive education where they are mainstream in regular classes. 4. Special education is purposeful intervention Preventative intervention- designed to keep potential or minor problems from becoming a disability. Primary intervention- designed to eliminate or counteract the risk factors so that the disability is not required. Secondary intervention- decreases the prevalence of a specific condition. Tertiary intervention- reduce the impact of specific condition. Remedial intervention- eliminate the effect of a disability.
The Basic Term in Special Education: Developmental Disability, Impairment or Disability, Handicap and At Risk
Developmental disability refers to severe, chronic disability of a child five years of age older that is. Attribute to a mental or physical impairment or a combination of a mental and physical impairment. Impairment or disability refers to reduced function or loss of a specific part of the body or organ. This includes cerebral palsy, sensory disabilities (vision and sight) Handicap refers to a problem a person with a disability or impairment encounters when interacting with people, events, and the physical aspects of the environment. This includes physical disability, visual and hearing impairment.
SPED - Lecture notes 1,2,3
Course: Secondary Education Math (Gen Ed 003)
University: Eastern Visayas State University
