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INTRODUCTION TO BIOCHEMISTRY

What is Biochemistry?

Biochemistry is the branch of science that explores the chemical processes within and

related to living organisms. It is a laboratorybased science that brings together biology

and chemistry. By using chemical knowledge and techniques, biochemists can understand

and solve biological problems.

Biochemistry is a branch of medical science that seeks to describe the structure,

organization and functions of living matter in molecular terms.

Biochemistry is the chemistry of life.

Biochemistry focuses on:

1. Processes happening at a molecular level.

2. What’s happening inside our cells, studying components like proteins, lipids and

organelles.

3. How cells communicate with each other, for example during growth or fighting illness.

4. How the structure of a molecule relates to its function, allowing them to predict how

molecules will interact.

Biochemistry is divided into 3 areas:

1. Structural chemistry

2. Metabolism

3. Chemistry of molecular genetics

Roots of Biochemistry:

Karl Scheele – Swedish founder of biochemistry. He studied the chemical composition of

matter in mid1700.

Schleiden & Schwann – formulated the cell theory in 1840.

Walter Flemming – discovered chromosomes in 1875

Carl Alexander Neuberg – a German scientist who coined the word biochemistry

Hans Krebs – Proposed the Krebs cycle of the TCA in 1937.

Gustav Embden & Otto Meyerhof – described the glycolytic pathway in 1925.

James Watson & Francis Crick – described the double helical structure of DNA in 1953

Differences between Living things from Non-living things:

1. They are complicated and highly organized.

2. Each part of a living organism appears to have a specific purpose of function

3. They are able to extract energy from the environment

4. They are capable of reproducing themselves through generations

5. They exhibit common properties of living matter

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Simple Introduction in Biochemistry for Medical Laboratory Science

Medical Technology (BSMT1)

Emilio Aguinaldo College

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