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DRRR Q1 Module 7 - ARA
General Education (Eng 101)
National University (Philippines)
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Disaster Readiness and
Risk Reduction
Quarter 1 – Module 7:
Vulnerabilities of Different
Elements Exposed to Hazards
What I Need to Know
In this module, the learner will be able to recognize vulnerabilities of different elements exposed to hazards and at the same time, determine all those elements.
The Module is intended to equip you with knowledge on vulnerabilities of different
elements exposed to specific hazards.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
- comprehend the different elements that may be exposed to hazards;
- differentiate vulnerabilities of different elements exposed to specific hazards ;
- explain how different elements can become exposed to hazard making it more vulnerable; and
- integrate the different vulnerabilities to understand the its interconnection with one another.
What I Know
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
Which among the following is classified as social vulnerability? a. fatalism b. soil quality c. health facilities d. leadership qualities
What is the degree to which a population, system, service or geographic area is likely to be affected or disrupted by the impact of a particular hazard? a. capacity b. hazard c. risk d. vulnerability
a. I and II b. II and III c. III and IV d. II and IV
All of the following choices can least likely cause physical vulnerability EXCEPT _____________. a. pandemic b. storm surge c. tsunami d. wild fire
Which among the following is considered as socio-economical hazard? a. volcanic eruption b. flooding and drought c. chemical contamination d. environmental degradation
Why is it important to quantify vulnerability? a. to identify the community that are at risk b. to determine the incoming hazardous events c. to estimate how much mitigation and preparedness is applicable d. to know the local government units to approach during hazardous event
How will you quantify the vulnerability of the people? a. get the ratio of the number of people died to the total population b. get the ratio of the number of people survived to the total population c. get the ratio of the total population to the number of people survived d. get the ratio of the number of casualties or injured to the total population
The vulnerability status of a structure or building depends on the following EXCEPT ________. a. cost of repair b. economic losses c. extent of damage d. degree of injury to the people
Kaingin is a human practice where in a forest is converted to farmland. In this case, what element is most likely exposed to hazard? a. economical b. environmental c. physical d. social
Lesson
1
####### Recognize vulnerabilities of
####### different elements exposed
####### to specific hazards.
The learners in this module will realize that recognizing the vulnerabilities of different elements exposed to hazard will help the community design to formulate strategies on prevention, mitigation, and immediate response and possible rehabilitations after a major event such as natural disasters, war and the other similar situations.
What’s In
Direction: Classify the following words/phrase according to the given category below. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
agricultural land hospital seashore
barangay response team marine resources social status
bridges railroads subdivision
fish pond rainforest telecommunications
government schools transportation
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3
GUIDE WORDS:
ecosystem exposed response and recovery tangible elements hazard risk environmental physical socio-economic
What is It
Vulnerabilities of different elements are determined due to its exposure to particular and specific hazard.
Physical vulnerability includes population density levels, place of a settlement, the site design, and materials used for infrastructure and housing. When hazardous events occur, normally physical elements are severely damaged. For example, UP Visayas buildings were totally destroyed during the super typhoon Yolanda in 2008 leaving the structure totally damaged. Another example is the decreased in population density like what happened in Baguio during the 1990 earthquake in North Luzon when a lot of people were injured and died.
Social vulnerability happens due to inability of people, organization, and societies to prevent severe effects from hazards because of the expected behavior in social interactions, institutions, and system of cultural values. For example, during typhoon the line of
communications were cut off when cell sites shutdown or disruption of transport system due to inability of small vehicles to pass through the
flooded areas or unpassable roads and bridges. With some difficulties in the delivery of services such as relief goods and medicines, a lot of problems occurred like shortage of food and spread of infectious diseases. Therefore, when social elements were exposed to hazard,
these may lead to disruption of normal processes and activities in the community.
Level of economic vulnerability is based on the economic status of individuals, communities, and nations. The poorer the country, the
more vulnerable to disasters because they lack the funds or budgets to build sturdy structures and put other engineering measures in place which protect them from being affected by disasters. So, we can say that Philippines is more vulnerable to an event such as earthquake compared to Japan. Though both countries are exposed to earthquake
hazard because both are located in the Pacific ring of fire, but due to differences in economic status, Japan is more resilient because of its ability to afford changes in architectural and engineering designs of building and infrastructures to make them less vulnerable to earthquake. Another example is the Covid-19 pandemic wherein the
most affected are those who belong to low income and informal workers.
Social and economic vulnerability can be combined also known as socioeconomic vulnerability.
Environmental vulnerability is caused by natural resources depletion and destruction. Organisms like humans, animals, and plants are all dependent on the environment for survival. Human activities like deforestation, burning of fossil fuels, and kaingin affect
the natural abilities of the environment to protect itself from any natural hazard due to absence of trees which may cause landslide and flashfloods. Sometimes the effects are irreversible.
Quantifying vulnerability is used in estimating how much mitigation and preparedness measures will be applied. Computation is
based on the previous hazard events and severity of their effects. Vulnerability can be expressed as: 0 = lowest degree of vulnerability and 1 as the highest degree. Vulnerability of people is the ratio of casualties or injured to the total population. Vulnerability of buildings is
expressed as a repair cost or degree of damage.
If you are in the same situation, what will be your immediate decision? Stay in the place that you consider as your way of living or prioritize the safety of your family?
Why is it so important to determine the elements exposed to hazards in your community?
Assessment
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
Which among the following is classified as social vulnerability? a. fatalism b. soil quality c. health facilities d. leadership qualities
What is the degree to which a population, system, service or geographic area is likely to be affected or disrupted by the impact of a particular hazard? a. capacity b. hazard c. risk d. vulnerability
What element is exposed to hazard during typhoon when the houses are destroyed? a. economical b. environmental c. physical d. social
What element is exposed when flood occurred due to deforestation? a. economical b. environmental c. physical d. social
COVID 19 pandemic affected the economy resulting to closure of many businesses during the enhanced community quarantine. What element is mostly affected? a. economical b. environmental c. physical d. social
Increased human population can sometimes result to ____. a. lowered risk b. less exposure c. decreased hazard d. increased vulnerability
Some areas in Cavite is situated within the fault lines stated at risk by PHILVOLCS. What element has least possibility of being exposed to hazard? a. economical b. environmental c. physical d. social
COVID 19 pandemic affected the operations of establishments such as malls and other leisure establishments which were prohibited from operating to prevent further community transmission. Which element is mostly exposed? a. economical b. environmental c. physical e. social
What factors determine the level of disaster risk? V. nature of the hazard VI. exposure of the community at risk VII. vulnerability of the elements which are affected VIII. economic value of the elements which are affected a. I and II b. II and III c. III and IV d. II and IV
DRRR Q1 Module 7 - ARA
Course: General Education (Eng 101)
University: National University (Philippines)
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