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Biochemistry Notes
Notes about reactions
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BIOCHEMISTRY (CHM3)
365 Documents
Students shared 365 documents in this course
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Our Lady of Fatima University
Academic year: 2019/2020
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BIOCHEMISTRY NOTES:
- These are maleic acid (left) and fumaric acid (right). These molecules are made up of the same atoms, but the one on the left has a cis double bond, the one on the right has a trans double bond. Thus they are different in configuration.
- ΔG=ΔH−TΔS. 10-(-15)=+5. Thus ΔG is positive and the reaction is non- spontaneous.
- If enthalpy is positive and the product of Temperature and Entropy is positive, we have a positive and a negative, which could be positive or negative depending on the magnitude of the terms. If entropy is positive (as it is), a higher temperature increases the magnitude of the TΔS term. Thus, as temperature increases this term becomes larger while ΔH is constant.
- In the following reaction: S⟶P Keq= If the initial concentration P, [P], is 1M, and the concentration of S, [S], is 10M, the forward reaction is: Remember, Keq=[Peq]/[Seq]. Thus, at equilibrium, the ratio [P]/[S] = 4. In this case, the initial mass action ratio is 0. To increase this ratio, [P] must increase while [S] must decrease. Therefore, the spontaneous reaction is the conversion of S into P.
- Consider a reaction with the following parameters: T=27∘C ΔH=100kJmol ΔS=0⋅K What is the ΔG of this reaction, in kJ/mol? You may find the following information useful: ΔG=ΔH−TΔS Temperature: K=∘C+
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Biochemistry Notes
Course: BIOCHEMISTRY (CHM3)
365 Documents
Students shared 365 documents in this course
University: Our Lady of Fatima University
Was this document helpful?
BIOCHEMISTRY NOTES:
1. These are maleic acid (left) and fumaric acid (right). These molecules are made up of the
same atoms, but the one on the left has a cis double bond, the one on the right has a trans
double bond. Thus they are different in configuration.
2. ΔG=ΔH−TΔS. 10-(-15)=+5. Thus ΔG is positive and the reaction is non-
spontaneous.
3. If enthalpy is positive and the product of Temperature and Entropy is positive, we have a
positive and a negative, which could be positive or negative depending on the magnitude of
the terms. If entropy is positive (as it is), a higher temperature increases the magnitude of
the TΔS term. Thus, as temperature increases this term becomes larger while ΔH is
constant.
4. In the following reaction:
S⟶P
Keq=4
If the initial concentration P, [P], is 1M, and the concentration of S, [S], is 10M, the
forward reaction is: Remember, Keq=[Peq]/[Seq]. Thus, at equilibrium, the ratio
[P]/[S] = 4. In this case, the initial mass action ratio is 0.1. To increase this ratio, [P] must
increase while [S] must decrease. Therefore, the spontaneous reaction is the conversion of
S into P.
5. Consider a reaction with the following parameters:
T=27∘C
ΔH=100kJmol
ΔS=0.333kJmol⋅K
What is the ΔG of this reaction, in kJ/mol?
You may find the following information useful:
ΔG=ΔH−TΔS
Temperature: K=∘C+273
