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College English Reviewer Finals
English 1 (Eng1)
Our Lady of Fatima University
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WEEK 13: SUMMARIZING, PARAPHRASING AND PRONOUNS
COLLEGE ENGLISH 111
PARAPHRASING
It Involves using own words to express someone else’s ideas while still preserving the main idea of the original source. This is a restatement of the meaning of a text or passage using other words.
To Paraphrase:
- Read and Make notes
- Find different terms
- Put the text into your own words
- Check you work
SUMMARIZING
It is a brief overview of an entire discussion or argument. It is also defined as taking a lot of information and creating a condensed version that covers the main points.
To Summarize:
- Get a general idea of the original
- Check your understanding
- Make notes
- Write your summary
- Check your work
PRONOUNS
A Pronoun is a word that takes the place of one or more nouns. The most frequently used pronouns are called personal pronouns. They refer to people or things.
Cases of Pronouns
Case is the form of a pronoun that shows its use in a sentence. NOMINATIVE CASE - A subject of as sentence is in the nominative case. Ex. I like classical music. He and she sold tickets. They traveled around the world. - A predicate nominative follows a linking verb and defines or renames the subject. Ex. The last one to leave was he.
OBJECTIVE CASE
- A direct object, an indirect object, and an object of a preposition are in the objective case. Ex. Ivan surprised them. Uncle Raymond took me to the studio. The ranger guided us to the camp.
A DIRECT OBJECT is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of the action verb. A direct object answers the question what or who. Ex. We met Tara and her at the video arcade.
An INDIRECT OBJECT is a noun or pronoun that comes between the verb and the direct object. It tells to whom or to what, or for whom or for what the action of the verb is done. Ex. Coach Mendez gave them a pep talk.
An OBJECT OF A PREPOSITION is in the objective case. Ex. When did you mail the package to them?
POSSESSIVE CASE
- It shows ownership or possession. Ex. I didn't have my textbook for English class, so Brian lent me his.
WEEK 14: MODES OF WRITING/VOICES OF VERBS
COLLEGE ENGLISH 111
DESCRIPTIVE WRITING
Descriptive writing describes places, people, objects, or events using appropriate details. The writer of a descriptive essay uses a variety of sensory details to describe what he sees, hears, smells, touches and tastes.
PERSUASIVE WRITING
In this manner of writing, you are required to organize your arguments and provide explanation which may be accompanied by evidences so that the readers will be persuaded in believing that your opinion is acceptable. It tries to convince a reader to do something or to be persuaded with what you believe about a certain topic.
NARRATIVE WRITING
Narrative is often anecdotal, experiential, and personal, allowing students to express themselves in a creative and, quite often, moving ways.
VOICES OF VERBS
Verb - a word that expresses an action. Voice - It tells whether the subject of the sentence is the doer or receiver of the verb. Active Voice - The subject of the sentence does the action and transmits the action to a direct object. Ex. April writes beautiful songs. *More direct and concise
Passive Voice - The subject of the sentence receives the action. Ex. Beautiful songs were written by April. *Usually wordier.
WEEK 15: SENTENCE UNITY & CONSTRUCTION
COLLEGE ENGLISH 111
PARALLELISM
It is also known as parallel structure, it is when phrases in a sentence have similar or the same grammatical structure. If two or more ideas are parallel, they should be expressed in parallel grammatical form. Single words should be balanced with single words, phrases with phrases, clauses with clauses.
Effective Sentences
a balance parallel ideas linked with coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS) Ex. Wrong Theft, vandalism and cheating can result in suspension, or even being expelled from school. Correct Theft, vandalism and cheating can result in suspension, or even expulsion from school.
balance comparisons linked with than or as Ex. Wrong It is easier to speak with abstractions than grounding one’s thoughts in reality. Correct It is easier to speak with abstractions than to ground one’s thoughts in reality.
Needed Words
- Do not omit words necessary for grammatical or logical completeness. Add needed words to complete compound structure Ex. Wrong I never have and never will accept a bribe. Correct I never have accepted and never will accept a bribe.
Add the word if there is any danger in reading it.
We promised that we would take Charles to ice cream parlor, when the play was over.
Repair dangling modifiers To repair a dangling modifier, you can revise in one of two ways 1 the actor immediately following the introductory modifier; or 2 the modifier into a word group that includes the actor. Ex. Wrong When watching a classic film such as Gone with the Wind, commercials are especially irritating. Correct When watching a classic film such as Gone with the Wind, I find commercials especially irritating. When I was watching a classic film such as Gone with the Wind, commercials are especially irritating.
Do not split infinitives needlessly Ex. Wrong Patients should try to if possible avoid going up and down stairs. Correct If possible, patients should try to avoid going up and down stairs.
Shifts
Make the point of view consistent in number and person Ex. Wrong A police officer is often criticized for always being there when they aren’t needed and never being there when they are. Correct Police officers are often criticized for always being there when they aren’t needed and never being there when they are.
Maintain consistent verb tenses Ex. Wrong My hopes rise and fall as Joseph’s heart started and stopped. The doctors insert a large tube into his chest, and blood flows from the incision onto the floor. The tube drained some blood from his lungs, but it was all in vain. At 8:35 pm, Joseph was declared dead. Correct My hopes rose and fell as Joseph’s heart started and stopped. The doctors inserted a large tube into his chest, and blood flowed from the incision onto the floor. The tube drained some blood from his lungs, but it was all in vain. At 8: pm, Joseph was declared dead.
Make verbs consistent in mood and voice Ex. Wrong The officers advised against allowing access to our homes without proper identification. Also, alert neighbors to vacation schedules. Correct The officers advised against allowing access to our homes without proper identification. They also suggested that we alert neighbors to vacation schedules.
Avoid sudden shifts from indirect to direct questions or quotations Ex. Wrong I wonder whether the sister knew of the murder, and if so, did she report it to the police? Correct I wonder whether the sister knew of the murder, and if so, whether she reported it to the police?
College English Reviewer Finals
Course: English 1 (Eng1)
University: Our Lady of Fatima University
