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History - Lecture notes 1
Readings in the Philippine History (GEED 10033)
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HISTORY
History contains the knowledge and information that serve as the foundation of the present and future and if there is no history, there is no also present and future. It tells us the story of people before on how they live, their adventures, and discoveries that we knew today. It tells us the mistakes in the past and by understanding those mistakes will improve our judgment and assist us to progress and keep moving forward by not repeating the same mistakes. Besides, it tells the identity of the nation as it contains our culture, which is connected to the way of living of Filipino before. By knowing the identity of Filipino people before, you will also know the identity of our nation. Lastly, History is something that you cannot change as it contains a list of past events that have already done.
PRIMARY SOURCES
The Primary Sources is something that originates from the past, a piece of raw information or first-hand evidence. It can be documents, artifacts, letters, newspapers, and photographs. It serves as an original source of information or data about the topic. It was either created during the time of an event or it was created later after participating in the event. These sources enable the historians or researches to see what actually happened in a particular event that was done before.
SECONDARY SOURCES
The Secondary Sources are the works, summarization, interpretation, or commentary of researchers regarding the primary sources. It includes Biographies, Textbooks, or Dissertation. These sources were made by using the primary sources as a reference for creating a topic or research. It was created by someone who is not part of the event before. It explains to people what does the information in the primary sources actually means.
INTERNAL CRITICISM
It is a criticism that refers to the accuracy of the contents or information that can be found in the document. It is focused on what the documents was really trying to say or deliver to the audience. It examines if the content or how it was written is really connected to its author. For example, the Pag-Ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa was written in an aggressive way as it encourage the people to join the revolution. Besides, it is said that it was written by Andres Bonifacio. From this, we will know that it was actually written by Bonifacio because Bonifacio is a Filipino who actually wants a revolution against the Spaniards to free our motherland from oppression.
EXTERNAL CRITICISM
It is a criticism that refers to the genuineness of the documents that was used by a researcher or historians in historical study. It is focused on the authenticity of the document by examining or evaluating its validity. It examines if the document was a manuscript/original copy or a draft copy. It helps us to determine if the source is reliable and can be trusted. For example, to check the source, we check if the said author was reporting a thing, events, or a place that is not yet known at that time.
PAG-IBIG SA TINUBUANG LUPA
History - Lecture notes 1
Course: Readings in the Philippine History (GEED 10033)
University: Polytechnic University of the Philippines
