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Module-5-trial-death-of-rizal
Accountancy (BSA2)
Quezon City University
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TITLE
MODULE 5
Rizal’s Life: Exile, Trial, and Death
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this module, you should be able to:
- Identify the reasons leading to Rizal's exile in Dapitan.
- Describe and discuss the achievements of Rizal while in exile at Dapitan.
- Analyze the factors that led to Rizal’s execution
- Analyze the effects of Rizal’s execution on Spanish colonial rule and the Philippine Revolution
Introduction:
This module discusses the events that transpired during Rizal’s last days. Rizal was exiled to Dapitan after he was summoned in Malacañang. During his four years of exile in Dapitan, he exhibit practical nationalism and encouraged the town people to imitate the same. In order to while away the monotony of life in exile, Rizal tried to get his hands full. In that small town of Dapitan, Rizal devoted his four years performing different errands. He practiced his profession as physician, pursued his scientific studies, continued his artistic and literary works, developed his knowledge of languages, put up a school for boys, he is actively pushed for community development projects, invented a wooden machine for making bricks, and get hooked in farming and commerce. In his letter sent to Manuel Azcarraga of the Ministers of War and Overseas Territories in Madrid, Governor Blanco made the following observations: “His conduct during the four years he stayed in Dapitan as a deportee proved that he was an exemplary character worthy of pardon. He was not involved in the conspiracy or in any of the secret societies that have been formed.” On July 31, 1896, concludes Rizal’s exile. He embarked on board the steamer España. Many wept as the steamer sailed away, an unusually music was being played on the background, the sorrowful Funeral March of Chopin. As its melancholy melody floated in the air, Rizal must have felt it deeply, for with his presentiment of death, it seemed a requiem.(Zaide, 1999)
Lesson I: Rizal’s exile in Dapitan
While Rizal steered the people to be united, his enemies busied themselves setting a trap for him. In just the week of his homecoming, while he pleaded the case of his family for pardon from Governor-General Despujol, there were found leaflets in the baggage of his sister who came along with him from Hongkong. They were found to be anti-friar manifestos. For all the kindness he accorded to the imploring Rizal, Governor Despujol felt betrayed. He had Rizal detained in Fort Santiago despite the latter’s vehement plea of innocence. He was later banished to Dapitan at the shore of Zamboanga del Norte in Mindanao where he was to remain in exile for the next four years.
This sleeping far-flung coastal town of Zamboanga was honored to have accommodated its once-in-a-lifetime distinguished but unwilling guest. Rizal was to remain its guest until August, 1896. When Dr. Jose Rizal was exiled in Dapitan, he was in the best of his life and was already an acclaimed man. To use Captain Ricardo Carnicero’s words, “attained a certain level of popularity in the Philippines.”
Under the close watch of Carnicero, military governor of the district, Rizal would farm, fish, plant and raise chickens. He built his own house, constructed dikes, wrote poetry, attended to his growing number of patients as the town doctor, and educated the young boys of the town in his special school.
Thus, this pristine and artless town sprang to life at his inventiveness. Rizal, in essence, endeavored to educate and organize the people on how to “make a better living,” and they believed him for it.
Rizal formed a cooperative purposely to unite and empower the Dapitan farmers. In a letter to his brother, he explains, “here I have become half physician half businessman. I have established a commercial company here. I have taught the poor Mindanao folks to unite for trading so they may become independent and free themselves from the Chinese and thus be less exploited. But I have to talk a great deal to the local governor, who despite being a good man, is a supporter of the Chinese and prefers being with the Mongol than the Mindanao people. Fortunately, the company is prospering; we make a little profit.” (Engaging Jose Rizal:109)
Rizal’s exile to Dapitan in northwestern Mindanao on 17 July 1892 has caused him great deal of pain, however, he managed to use his time and skills productively to ease his seclusion. Rizal kept himself busy with various pursuits and occupations; he would perform the role as an educator, as a doctor, a farmer, an artist, architect and engineer, as an entrepreneur, archaeologist, and naturalist at the same time. As a farmer, and concerned with the welfare of the Dapitanons’, Rizal cultivated a 34-hectare farm in Katipunan, Zamboanga del Norte, some 38 kilometers south of Talisay, Dapitan where the museum in his honor stands today. Rizal also established a school and dormitory for boys in Talisay as well as a clinic where he treated ailments and performed
- Describe the life of Jose Rizal as represented in the film.
- Based on your reading and class discussion, what can you say about the film’s representation of Jose Rizal?
- What is the main question that the film seeks to answer?
Reflection
Direction:
Make a written research about the programs and innovations of your local government to help the poor in the city or municipality.
Assignment
- Explain how Jose Rizal showed practical nationalism in Dapitan.
References
Coates, Austin, Rizal: Filipino Nationalist and Martyr, Hong Kong :Oxford University Press, Quezon City ,Malaysia Books ,
Ileto, Reynaldo, “rizal and the underside of Philippine history” In Filipinos and their Revolution:Event, discourse, and Hitiriography; Quezon City:Ateneo de Manila University Press ,1998,pp-78.
Teodoro Alonzo’s petition to Camilo Polavieja,Manila,28 December 1896. Alfonso C. Balbin; Milo Severino N. Distor; Gabriel Paul K. Pinas; Christine Jay P. Zamonares: Engaging Jose Rizal; Quezon City: NIEME PUBLISHING HOUSE CO. LTD.
Cecilio D. Duka; Rowena A. Pila: RIZAL (his legacy to Philippine society) revised edition; ANVIL HIGHER EDUCATION
nhcp.gov/museums/rizal-shrine-dapitan/
youtube/watch?v=McOWr6uLrcc&app=desktop
Module-5-trial-death-of-rizal
Course: Accountancy (BSA2)
University: Quezon City University
