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Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in English (BSED ENGLISH 3)

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Southern Masbate Roosevelt College

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Philippine Politics and

Governance

Quarter 2 – Module 9:

Decentralization and Local

Governance

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Philippine Politics and Governance – Senior High School Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 9: The Roles and Functions of the Local Government Units (LGU) First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education May B. Eclar, PhD, CESO III Rhoda T. Razon, PhD, CESO V Librada M. Rubio, PhD Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Region III Office Address: Matalino St., D. Government Center, Maimpis, City of San Fernando Telefax: (045) 598-8580 to 89 E-mail Address: region3@deped.gov Writers: Content Editors: Reviewers: Language Editor: Development Team of the Module Rochelle G. Tuliao Christian C. Linsangan Anna Maria G. Mejia Angelica M. Burayag, PhD Eva Fe F. Taclibon, PhD Sergio B. Gonzales John Paul Paje John Paul Paje Illustration/ Layout Editor: John Paul Paje Illustrator: Neil John L. Supan Layout Artist: Ric Jayson M. Santos Management Team: May B. Eclar, PhD, CESO III Librada M. Rubio, PhD Angelica M. Burayag, PhD Ma. Editha R. Caparas, EdD Nestor P. Nuesca, EdD Marie Ann C. Ligsay, PhD Jayne M. Garcia, EdD Beverly T. Mangulabnan, PhD Eva Fe F. Taclibon, PhD

ii Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners.

Introductory Message

For the facilitator: Welcome to the Philippine Politics and Governance – Senior High School Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Decentralization and Local Governance This module was designed, developed and reviewed to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module: As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

iii For the learner: Welcome to the Philippine Politics and Governance – Senior High School Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Decentralization and Local Governance! The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands! This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the module. What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one. What’sNew In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills. What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. WhatIHaveLearned This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson. What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns.

What I Need to Know

This module will help you understand the Local Government Units in the Philippines. There are four units of local government in the country, these are the barangays, the cities and municipalities and the provinces. Their roles and functions will be enumerated and explained on this lesson. Each local government unit has roles and functions to be performed in order to deliver basic services in all areas of the country and enact laws to maintain peace and order in the society. At the end of this module you will recognize and appreciate the importance of their roles and functions and analyze your own roles and functions that contribute to the economic development and prosperity of our nation. The module has one lesson, namely:

Lesson 1 – Decentralization and Local Governance After going through this module, you are expected to:

identify the different levels of the Philippine Local Government;
explain the roles and functions of Local Government Units(LGUs); and
examine how decentralization affects governance.

What I Know

MULTIPLE CHOICE the following items carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on a separate sheet of paper. 1. How many are the units of local government in the Philippines as stated in Article X Section 1 of the 1987 Constitution? a. 4 c. 2 b. 3 d. 1 2. In 1991, the Congress enacted the Local Government Code of the Philippines also known as Republic Act. a. R 7160 c. R. 10533 b. R 7610 d. R. 11469 3. It is the basic local government unit in the Philippine government. a. Barangay c. Municipality b. City d. Province 4. In order to create or form a barangay, how many inhabitants are required? a. 1,000 c. 3, b. 2,000 d. 4, 5. Which of the following is NOT a function of a barangay? a. Adopt measures to prevent child abuse b. Ensure the delivery of basic services c. Issue permits and licenses for local businesses. d. Serves as a place for settling neighborhood disputes or conflicts. 6. Which is TRUE about the role of a barangay according to Section 384 of the Local Government Code of the Philippines? a. Ensure the delivery of basic services b. Ensure the Public Moral of the inhabitants c. Issue permits and licenses for local businesses. d. Serves as the primary planning and implementing unit of government policies. 7. It is a unit of government consisting of a group of barangays. a. Barangay c. Province b. Municipality d. Region 8. In order to create a municipality, there should be at least inhabitants certified by Philippine Statistics Authority. a. 15,000 c. 25, b. 20,000 d. 30,

Decentralization and Local

Governance

Lesson

1

What’s In

As you learned from Modules 6,7, and 8 there are three branches in Philippine government, namely the executive branch which implements the law, the legislative branch which makes the law and the judicial branch which interprets the law. These three branches of the government may not be able to be effective and efficient in implementing government programs and providing services for the benefits of the citizens living at the different places of the country when they do it by themselves. They need to have partners in the different communities so that the services will be delivered, ideally to all citizens. These partners are the local governments.

What’s New

Copy the table below and provide the needed information. Local Government Unit (LGU) Position Name of Local Government Officials Functions Barangay Barangay Captain Municipality Municipal Mayor Province Provincial Governor

What is It

####### Decentralization and Local Governance

The Constitution of the Philippines acknowledges the importance of local governments. It provides as a policy that “the State shall guarantee and promote the autonomy of the local government units-especially the barangays- to ensure their fullest development as self-reliant communities. The local government in the Philippines are divided into three levels- provinces and independent cities, components cities and municipalities, and barangays. These political subdivisions enjoy “local autonomy”. But, they are also under the general supervisions of the President, through the secretary of Department of Interior and Local Government. Congress enacted the Republic act 7160 otherwise known as the Local Government Code of the Philippines in 1991 to provide for a more responsive and accountable local government instituted through a system of decentralization, self- reliant communities and active partners in nation building by giving the local governments more powers, authority, responsibilities and resources. The process of decentralization shall proceed from the National Government to the local government units. Decentralization or transfer of authority, responsibility and resources from the central government to lower government is very important especially when the geographical area of country and its population are too large for the central government to manage.

Officials of the Municipal Government. There shall be in each municipality a municipal mayor, a municipal vice-mayor, Sangguniang Bayan members, a secretary to the Sangguniang Bayan, a municipal treasurer, a municipal assessor, a municipal accountant, a municipal budget officer, a municipal planning and development coordinator, a municipal engineer/building official, a municipal health officer and a municipal civil registrar. In addition, thereto, the mayor may appoint a municipal administrator, a municipal legal officer, a municipal agriculturist, a municipal environment and natural resources officer, a municipal social welfare and development officer, a municipal architect, and a municipal information officer (The Local Government Code of the Philippines section 443). Roles of Municipality. The municipality, consisting of a group of Barangays, serves primarily as a general purpose government for the coordination and delivery of basic, regular and direct services and effective governance of the inhabitants within its territorial jurisdiction. (The Local Government Code of the Philippines section 440). c. City. A municipality or a cluster of Barangays may be converted into a component city if it has an average annual income, as certified by the Department of Finance, of at least Twenty million pesos (Php20,000,000) for the last two (2) consecutive years based on 1991 constant prices, and if it has either of the following requisites: (i) a contiguous territory of at least one hundred (100) square kilometers, as certified by the Lands Management Bureau; or, (ii) a population of not less than one hundred fifty thousand(150,000 (The Local Government Code of the Philippines section 450 ). Officials of the City Government. There shall be in each city a mayor, a vice- mayor, Sangguniang Panlungsod members, a secretary to the Sangguniang Panlungsod, a city treasurer, a city assessor, a city accountant, a city budget officer, a city planning and development coordinator, a city engineer, a city health officer, a city civil registrar, a city administrator, a city legal officer, a city veterinarian, a city social welfare and development officer, and a city general services officer. In addition, thereto, the city mayor may appoint a city architect, a city information officer, a city agriculturist, a city population officer, a city environment and natural resources officer, and a city cooperatives officer. (The Local Government Code of the Philippines section 454). Role of the City. The city, consisting of more urbanized and developed Barangays, serves as a general-purpose government for the coordination and delivery of basic, regular, and direct services and effective governance of the inhabitants

within its territorial jurisdiction. (The Local Government Code of the Philippines section 448). Basic Functions of Cities and Municipalities

Ensure the delivery of basic services.
Enact policies and laws, enforce them, and govern their jurisdiction.
Exercise regulatory powers within their jurisdictional areas to ensure that private enterprise does not impede the good and welfare of the public.
Issue permits and licenses and to revoke or taking back the same if necessary for local business, land use and construction, both for industrial and private purposes. d. Province. A province may be created if it has an average annual income, as certified by the Department of Finance, of not less than Twenty million pesos(Php20,000,000) based on 1991 constant prices and either of the following requisites: (i) a contiguous territory of at least two thousand (2,000) square kilometers, as certified by the Lands Management Bureau; or, (ii) a population of not less than two hundred fifty thousand(250,000) inhabitants as certified by the National Statistics Office (The Local Government Code of the Philippines section 461). Officials of the Provincial Government. There shall be in each province a governor, a vice-governor, members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, a Secretary to the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, a provincial treasurer, a provincial assessor, a provincial accountant, a provincial engineer, a provincial budget officer, a provincial planning and development coordinator, a provincial legal officer, a provincial administrator, a provincial health officer, a provincial social welfare and development officer, a provincial general services officer, a provincial agriculturist, and a provincial veterinarian. In addition, thereto, the governor may appoint a provincial population officer, a provincial natural resources and environment officer, a provincial cooperative officer, a provincial architect, and a provincial information officer. (The Local Government Code of the Philippines section 463). Role of the Province. The province, composed of a cluster of municipalities, or municipalities and component cities, and as a political and corporate unit of government, serves as a dynamic mechanism for developmental processes and effective governance of local government units within its territorial jurisdiction (The Local Government Code of the Philippines section 459).

Barangay Health Education Environment Municipality Health Education Environment Province Health Education Environment

What’s More

ACTIVITY 1 Complete the diagram below. Identify the programs and activities in health, education and environment that are being implemented by your government officials in your respective barangay, municipality and province. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

ACTIVITY 2 Based from your answers on the diagram above, what programs of your local government units that you have experienced and enjoyed. Explain it briefly. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

What I Have Learned

Answer the following questions. Use separate sheet for your answer. Rubrics for Essay Content 5 pts Vocabulary/ Word Choice 5 pts Structure/ Logic and Transition 5 pts TOTAL 15 pts

Why is it important to have a decentralization of power or local autonomy in the local government units in the Philippines?
For you, what is the most essential function of local government units in barangay, city/municipality and province. Explain your answer concisely. a. Barangay b. City/Municipality c. Province a.

Assessment

IDENTIFICATION. Identify the terms being described in the following statements. Write A - for Barangay, B - for Municipality, C - for Component City, D - for Province. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. 1. The basic unit of government. 2. The head of this local government unit is the Mayor. 3. This unit of local government serves as a place for settling neighborhood disputes or conflicts. 4. A municipality or clusters of barangays may be converted into this unit of local government if it has an average income of 20,000,000 pesos. 5. It has the function of issuing permits and licenses for local business within the municipality. 6. It has a function of supervising the political governments in the planning, budgeting, and service delivery process. 7. The head of this local government unit is the Governor. 8. It has the function of formulating ordinances in the govern barangays and city. 9. It has the function of facilitating economic development of municipalities within the jurisdiction of a provincial government. 10. Provides tertiary health services in addition to what are provided by each municipality. 11. It has the role to serve as a dynamic mechanism for developmental processes and effective governance of local government units within its territorial jurisdiction. 12. It has at least 2,000 inhabitants. 13. It has a territory of at least 50 square kilometers. 14. It has at least 25,000 inhabitants. 15 has the function of ensuring the delivery of basic services within the barangay jurisdiction.

Additional Activities

Fill in the table below. If given the chance to be a Barangay Chairperson, what programs and activities do you want to implement in your barangay. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. Programs Purpose for Implementation Health Education Environment Economic Development Others

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