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Experiment 2 Linear Motion

LINEAR MOTION

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Engineering

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St. Paul University Surigao

Academic year: 2021/2022

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1

CET 0122. 1 – PHYSICS FOR ENGINEERS LABORATORY

ACTIVITIES AND EXPERIMENTS

2 ND SEMESTER AY 2020 - 2021

Experiment 2

LINEAR

MOTION

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OBJECTIVES:

Understand graphical presentations of position changes as a function of time
Calculate the acceleration from the position - time graph
Analyze the motion of an object in free fall

BACKGROUND:

The motion of a body can be described by kinematics and dynamics. In kinematics, the motion of

the body is described using the properties of position, time, velocity, and acceleration. It does not involve

finding what causes the body to move. Kinematics involves one- dimensional and multidimensional motion.

For this experiment, one- dimensional motion or linear motion will be described. Linear motion or

motion along a straight line, can be horizontal or vertical motion. Motion can be a constant motion or a

uniformly accelerated motion. An object is moving at constant motion when its velocity is constant, while

an object is uniformly accelerating when it is moving at constant acceleration.

Motion of an object can be described analytically and graphically. For graphical analysis of motion,

velocity can be derived from the position – time graph, while acceleration from the velocity – time graph.

Analytically, motion of a body can be described by the following equations:

Horizontal Motion:

𝑣̂=

∆𝑥

∆𝑡

= 𝑥

𝑓 − 𝑥𝑜

𝑡𝑓 − 𝑡 0

𝑣 = 𝑑𝑥(𝑡)

𝑑𝑡

𝑎̂=

∆𝑣

∆𝑡

= 𝑣

𝑓 − 𝑣𝑜

𝑡𝑓 − 𝑡 0

At constant Acceleration:

2

CET 0122. 1 – PHYSICS FOR ENGINEERS LABORATORY

ACTIVITIES AND EXPERIMENTS

2 ND SEMESTER AY 2020 - 2021

∆𝑥 = 𝑣𝑥𝑜𝑡 + 1

2 𝑎𝑡 2

𝑣𝑥𝑓 2 = 𝑣𝑥𝑜 2 + 2𝑎∆𝑥

𝑣𝑥𝑓 = 𝑣𝑥𝑜 + 𝑎𝑡

Vertical Motion at constant acceleration (freely falling body):

𝑎̂ 𝑦 = 𝑔̂= −9. 81 𝑚

𝑠 2

(𝑔𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑢𝑝 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒)

𝑣𝑦𝑜 = 0 𝑚

𝑠

∆𝑦 =

1

2 𝑔̂𝑡 2

𝑣𝑦𝑓 2 = 2𝑔̂∆𝑦

𝑣𝑦𝑓 = 𝑔̂𝑡

PROCEDURES:

A. HORIZONTAL MOTION

For this experiment, you will use the Graphing of Motion Lab Simulation, thephysicsaviary/Physics/Programs/Labs/GraphingOfMotionLabQuick/.

If you are using a computer or laptop, choose the desktop version. It will give you better control of the pedals. For the touch screen version. You will have to click the pedal to start the behavior and click again to end. Touch version will work on devices including desktop.

I. Analyzing Motion Graph SET UP 1

Set the parameters: Speed – Rest ; Acceleration – Porchelike; Break – Pintolike
Click the y-axis to display position only.
Pres START.
As quickly as possible, hold/ click on the break for the entire 10 seconds.
Copy the graph.
Click again the y axis to display velocity only.
Copy the graph.
Find the slope of each graph.

SET UP 2

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