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Ethics- Reviewer - C SNC

C SNC
Course

Rhythmic Activities (PE002)

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Students shared 31 documents in this course
Academic year: 2023/2024
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ETHICS

JAN

THE ETHICAL DIMENSION OF HUMAN EXISTENCE

Ethics- is about determining the grounds for the values with particular and special significance to human life.

Morality- use to refer to specific beliefs or attitudes that people have or to describe acts that people perform.

(Aesthetics, Etiquette, and Technique are not considered to be ethical)

Aesthetics- is derived from the Greek word aesthesis (sense or feeling) and refers to the judgment of personal approval or disapproval that we make about what we see, hear, smell, or taste.

  • Taste for beauty

Etiquette- concerned with right and wrong actions.

  • Norms in the society

Technique – derive from the Greek word techne and English word technique and technical which are often used to refer to a proper way of doing things.

  • It’s either not punishable or can be punishable

Descriptive – reports how people, particularly groups, make their moral valuations without making any judgment either for or against these valuations.

Normative- prescribe what we ought to maintain as out standards or for moral valuation.

Positive law (Person made law) - refers to the different rules and regulations that are posited or put forward by an authority figure that require compliance.

Divine command theory- region telling us

  • Require us to identify the entire sense of right and wrong with what religion dictates.

Cultural relativism- what is ethically acceptable or unacceptable is relative to, or that is to say, dependent on one’s culture.

(SENSE OF THE SELF: Subjectivism, Psychological egoism, Ethical egoism)

Subjectivism- recognition that the individual thinking person is at the heart of all moral valuations.

Psychological egoism- good image to other people; self-interest

  • Is the theory that describes the underlying dynamic behind all human actions

Ethical egoism- outside benefit

  • Prescribes that we should make our own ends, our own interest, as the single overriding them.

Moral Dilemma- moral issues involve (life and death)

  • Mercy killing (reasoning)

FEB 3

UTILITARIANISM

Greatest happiness

  • happiness results when people experience pleasure

  • The 'greatest happiness' part is a maximising principle: it enjoins people to act so as to maximise human happiness produced.

  • if others are happy because of what you did.

  • genuine interest to help others

  • EX. when you graduate and achieved your goals

Moral right- Moral rights also require that your work is not treated in any way that hurts your reputation. This is called right of integrity. For example, it means that: no one can change your work without your permission.

Intent- Moral intent is the desire to act ethically when facing a decision and overcome the rationalization to not be ethical.

  • “Moral Intent is the third step in being your best self. Most people wish to think of themselves as good people, but they also desire the benefits that can come with acting unethically.

  • EX. “I know this is wrong, but my boss has ordered me to do it.” A little alarm should go off in your head warning you that you are about to go off the ethical rails.

Justice- Justice is about right relation to others as measured against the mores of society. and particular behavior that will not be tolerated.

  • fairness

Legal law- also called positive law

EX. For example, a society that makes an example of a corrupt politician with a harsh sentence designed to prevent corruption.

Utility- refers to the capacity of decisions and actions to provide the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. In utilitarian theory, this is known as "the greatest happiness principle." An action is understood to be good when it promotes happiness rather than unhappiness.

Highest pleasure

  • These might include art and culture, an appreciation for the beauty of nature, rewarding work -- pleasures that (presumably) only humans experience, above and beyond their animalistic needs. Higher pleasures in utilitarian thought are broadly conceived: they include feelings such as contentment, delight, gratitude, and love.

  • "higher" pleasures, available only to humans, derive from art, culture, and higher feelings, such as gratitude and love

ETHICS

FEB 4

HEDONISM

HEDONISM- pleasure and pain can motivate a person

  1. The principle of utility - states that actions or behaviors are right in so far as they promote happiness or pleasure, wrong as they tend to produce unhappiness or pain.

  • right and wrong are to be judged by the degree to which the action judged achieves the greatest happiness of the greatest number

  • is about our subjection to these sovereign masters: pleasure and pain.

  • This means that it is not enough to experience pleasure, but also inquire whether the things we do make us happy.

  1. The principle of the greatest number

  • But the 'of the greatest number' part is a principle of distribution: it enjoins people to act so as to spread happiness around as equally as possible.

  • the pleasure of the greatest number affected by the consequences of our actions.

  • For example, as what a comedian is doing. They know that it’s their duty to give happiness to many people.

  • kinakalimutan yung legal right at ginagawa yung moral right

  1. Justice and moral Rights- Justice is about living with other people, while morality is about living with yourself. Justice is about right relation to others as measured against the mores of society, while morality is about right relation to right itself, as measured against your own beliefs.

Whether or not justice exists objectively or is entirely a social construct, it has an unmistakable universality.

  • justice as a respect for rights directed toward society's pursuit for the greatest happiness of the greater number. legal law/positive law

-moral rights are a valid claim on society and are justified by utility. divine command law

  • EX. tokhang
  1. Do you agree that even animals have rights?

  • I agree that animals have the right to live a life free of pain and suffering.

  • A healthy ecosystem is made up of all living creatures, and in this ecosystem, everything has its proper place and is treated with the respect it deserves.

  • Since they are voiceless, it is up to us as humans to speak up for them and defend them. This is the basis for the idea of animal rights.

Like us, they also have the rights. Without legally protected rights, people may be hurt and taken advantage of in no way. Animals may suffer, just like people, and they too have emotions and interests, as well as a desire to avoid suffering.

  1. Do you agree with the utilitarians that animals should NOT be used for the development of household products but can be used to experiment in the cure of terminal illnesses?

-Yes I agree, legally, all drugs have to be tested on animals for safety before they can be used in humans.

  • they have the intention to use it in terminal illnesses.

Feb 14 / 15

GENDER AND SEXUALITY ACROSS TIME

  1. Patriarchy

  • Patriarchy refers to the male domination both in public and private spheres. Feminists mainly use the term 'patriarchy' to describe the power relationship between men and women.

  • In a system in which men have more power than women, men have some level of privilege to which women are not entitled.

  • For example, Men make all decisions in both society and also in family units. They also hold all positions of power and authority and are considered superior.

  • For example MCI, they show that women in our country have been denied opportunities for growth in the name of religion and socio-cultural practices. Thus, those women have few freedoms even in their homes, hold an unequal and inferior status in society, and are subject to the rule of male heads of household.

  1. Patrilineal society- This is the system of organization in which the clan heritage was based on the father’s line and all children bared the name of the father.
  • A patrilineal society is a society that bases lineage or ancestry off a male line, rather than a female line.

-FOR EX. mas nade-determine yung surname ng lalaki kesa sa babae base through male relatives, : his father, grandfather, great-grandfather, and so on.

  1. Egalitarian - is a philosophy based on equality, namely that all people are equal and deserve equal treatment in all things. As an idea, it can be looked at in terms of its implications for individuals in both an economic and legal capacity.
  • EX,. It does not support the idea that there is "women's work" and "men's work" or gender-specific roles in business and the home. In a society where there is gender egalitarianism in families, parents play equal parts within the family structure. equal lahat kumbaga kung anong kaya gawin ng isang lalaki e kaya din gawin ng babae. (work, household chores)
  1. Suffrage - the right to vote for all adult persons regardless of race, religion, or gender.
  • for ex. including the right to vote, run for public office, work, earn equal pay, own property, receive education, enter contracts, have equal rights within marriage, and maternity leave.
  1. Sexism
  • Sexism is prejudice or discrimination based on a person’s sex or gender. It can lead to a wide range of harmful behaviors, from acts of violence to subtle comments that reinforce stereotypes.

-EX. believing that some victims of sexual assault “ask for it” due to their behavior or clothing

  • using sexist language or insults

-making threatening or aggressive comments based on a person’s gender or sex

  1. Reproductive rights

Reproductive rights include your legal ability to make decisions about when and if you have a child. You might also hear this called reproductive autonomy. It means you have the power of the law to protect you and allow you the right to make your own choices about birth control, pregnancy, and having children.

Abortion, including access to legal, safe procedures to end a pregnancy, is one reproductive right, but there are others. Your reproductive rights include access to:

Sex education, Family planning, Birth control, Reproductive rights matter because they give all people access to safe reproductive health care.

If your rights are restricted, you may not be able to make your own decisions about pregnancy or birth control. This could lead to:

Unwanted pregnancies, often due to rape or incest, Pregnancy complications that could result in the mother’s death, HIV

Reproductive rights advocates work to help pass laws that allow equal access to all of these health care services for people of all genders, races, ethnicities, religious beliefs, income levels, and legal status

ETHICS TOPIC : NATURAL LAW

Feb 17

  1. What is the issue in the bill drafted by former Speaker Alvarez?

● The House (group that decides or promotes something) on women and treating men and women equally continued this week its thinking about what to dos on the latest draft of a measure trying to recognize civil partnerships and provide for their rights.

  • aims to support the welfare and wellbeing of couples, of either the opposite or same sex, who are denied their rights and responsibilities/duties on account of (not being there; not being present) of legal (legal rules/food and supplies) that recognize their relationship and well provide for their protection.

  • the spirit of the bill is to protect couples from discrimination.

  • the refiling of his signature bill allowing both samesex and opposite sex couples to enter into a civil partnership instead of marriage.

●Davao del Norte 1st district Rep. Pantaleon Alvarez. Make better/make more pured in the curent 19th Congress by former House Speaker Alvarez is House Bill (HB) No, or the proposed Act recognizing the civil partnership of couples providing for their rights and responsibilities/duties.

  • "I am a lawmaker. My job is to identify problems and provide solutions to the pain points of ordinary life that people deal with. In this case, there is definitely a (not being there; not being present) of set of laws for those who do not fit traditional marriages. Let's think about them too. Huwag lang puro tayo (Let's not be selfish)."

  • The Philippines is mostly a Catholic country known for conservative values. The Church, Alvarez said, keeps/holds its hard punch/political power as a trying to convince law makers about that resists moves to change the definitions of traditional relationships.

  1. What are the 3 contexts of Christian story? - Thomas Aquinas

CONTEXT-

  • created by God’s man dynamic in human life

  • Pursue happiness

  • Jesus is our savior and our salvation is thru God’s grace

●- ( conscience) you are given the capacity to go back to God

mind is giving us a reason, habit (character)

  1. What is the context of Aquinas' ethics?

● Aquinas believes that we should always follow our conscience, even when it is wrong or causes great harm. Since we have no way of knowing whether our consciences are wrong, they are the best guide we have as to what is the moral thing to do. To go against one’s conscience is to go against the values of truth and reason.

  1. What are the 3 inclinations as bases for moral valuation?

  • self good, sexual inclations for good, being rational human being

  • reservation of good self- defend yourself

  • sex life- preservation

  • thinking person

CHAPTER IV – DEONTOLOGY

Feb 22

Deontology- the study of duty and obligation

Moral theory- also called ethical theory

Deon- duty

  • necessary

Free will- natural will

CONSTRUCT IDEAS

  • planning bago magturo (teacher)

Person- faculty of reasoning

Animal- act according to instinct

Autonomy- things that you think is right

Auto-self Nomy-law

Heteronomy- somebody is giving input

-principle of others

Hetero- others

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Ethics- Reviewer - C SNC

Course: Rhythmic Activities (PE002)

31 Documents
Students shared 31 documents in this course

University: University of Caloocan City

Was this document helpful?
ETHICS
JAN20
THE ETHICAL DIMENSION OF HUMAN EXISTENCE
Ethics- is about determining the grounds for the values with particular and special significance to
human life.
Morality- use to refer to specific beliefs or attitudes that people have or to describe acts that people
perform.
(Aesthetics, Etiquette, and Technique are not considered to be ethical)
Aesthetics- is derived from the Greek word aesthesis (sense or feeling) and refers to the judgment of
personal approval or disapproval that we make about what we see, hear, smell, or taste.
- Taste for beauty
Etiquette- concerned with right and wrong actions.
- Norms in the society
Technique –derive from the Greek word techne and English word technique and technical which are
often used to refer to a proper way of doing things.
- It’s either not punishable or can be punishable
Descriptive – reports how people, particularly groups, make their moral valuations without making any
judgment either for or against these valuations.
Normative- prescribe what we ought to maintain as out standards or for moral valuation.
Positive law (Person made law) - refers to the different rules and regulations that are posited or put
forward by an authority figure that require compliance.
Divine command theory- region telling us
-Require us to identify the entire sense of right and wrong with what religion dictates.
Cultural relativism- what is ethically acceptable or unacceptable is relative to, or that is to say,
dependent on one’s culture.
(SENSE OF THE SELF: Subjectivism, Psychological egoism, Ethical egoism)
Subjectivism- recognition that the individual thinking person is at the heart of all moral valuations.
Psychological egoism- good image to other people; self-interest
-Is the theory that describes the underlying dynamic behind all human actions
Ethical egoism- outside benefit
-Prescribes that we should make our own ends, our own interest, as the single overriding them.
Moral Dilemma- moral issues involve (life and death)
-Mercy killing (reasoning)
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