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Rhythmic Activities (PE002)
University of Caloocan City
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OVERVIEW OF THE TOPIC 1
Basketball is one of the
most popular sports within the world
and one in all the foremost widely
viewed. It's a sport that involves two
teams of 5 active players each
trying to get points against each
other by throwing a ball through a 300
cm (10 feet) high hoop (the ‘basket’)
under organized rules. It is played on
both indoor and outdoor courts.
Common basic basketball skills are
shooting, dribbling, passing and
rebounding.
In early December
1891 , Canadian James Naismith, a
physical education professor and
instructor at the International Young
Men's Christian Association Training
School invented the game called
basketball. He sought a vigorous
indoor game to keep his students
occupied and at proper levels of
fitness during the long New
England winters. Basketball was
originally played with a soccer ball.
Basketball involves a lot of
starting and stopping. While not
renowned as an aerobic sport, it is still
a great workout that can help you: The
same with the opposite team sports,
basketball have health and physical
benefits to someone who played these
sports.
Objectives of Basketball
The main objective of basketball is to make a goal and score points. A goal is made by shooting the ball through the basket or hoop. The goal post or basket for a team is in the opponent’s court. Each team should not only try to make a goal and prevent the opposite team from taking control of the ball, but should also try to protect the basket in their court and prevent the opponent from making a goal.
History of Basketball
Basketball was invented in 1891 at Springfield College, Springfield Massachusetts, by Canadian Physical Education Instructor Dr. James Naismith. The game became established fairly quickly and grew very popular as the 20th century progressed, first in America and then in other parts of the world. After basketball became established in American colleges, the professional game followed. The American National Basketball Association (NBA), established in 1946, grew to a multibillion-dollar enterprise by the end of the century, and basketball became an integral part of American culture. Naismith was born in 1861 in Ramsay township, Ontario, Canada. He graduated as a physician at McGill University in Montreal and was primarily interested in sports physiology.
In 1891, while working as a physical education teacher at the YMCA International Training School (today, Springfield College) in the United States, Naismith was faced with the problem of finding in 14 days an indoor game to provide "athletic distraction " for the students at the School for Christian Workers After discarding the idea of adapting outdoor games like soccer and lacrosse, Naismith recalled the concept of a game of his school days known as duck-on-a-rock that involved accuracy attempting to knock a "duck" off the top of a large rock by tossing another rock at it. Starting from there, Naismith developed a set of 13 rules that gave origin to the game of basketball. Of course, it was not exactly as we know it today. The first game was played with a soccer ball and two peach baskets nailed 10-feet high used as goals, on a court just half the size of a present-day court. The baskets retained their bottoms so balls scored into the basket had to be poked out with a long dowel each time and dribbling (bouncing of the ball up and down while moving) was not part of the original game. The sport was an instant success and thanks to the initial impulse received by the YMCA movement, basketball's popularity quickly grew
nationwide and was introduced in many nations. Although Naismith never saw the game develop into the spectacular game we know these days, he had the honor to witness basketball become an Olympic sport at the 1936 Games held in Berlin.
DATES IN BASKETBALL
HISTORY
● Fall, 1891 - Basketball was invented by Dr. James Naismith and the first games were played at Springfield College (MA). ● March 23, 1893 - The first women's basketball game was played at Smith College between the freshmen and sophomores. All doors were locked and no men were allowed to watch. ● November 7, 1896 - The Brooklyn YMCA and the Trenton Basketball Team played at the Masonic Temple in downtown Trenton in a game that is believed to be the first professional contest in which the players were paid to play. Trenton won 16-1. Fred Cooper, Trenton's premier player, received an extra dollar for being what is known today as the captain. ● 1896 - Stanford played University of California-Berkeley in first women's game ● April 8-9, 1926 - The AAU sponsored the 1st National Women's Basketball Championship, using men's rules. 5,000 fans attended the event that was won
defender who has established position.
● Chest Pass - the basketball is
passed directly from the passer's chest to the receiver's chest. This has the advantage that it takes the least time to complete, as the passer tries to pass as directly straight as possible.
● Court - the area bounded by 2
sidelines and 2 end lines containing a basket at each end, in which a basketball game is played.
● Defense - the act of preventing
the offense from scoring; the basketball team without the ball.
● Double Team - when two basketball
teammates join efforts in guarding a single opponent.
● Dribbling - the act of bouncing the
basketball continuously.
● Dunk - when a player close to the
basket jumps and strongly throws the ball down into it.
● End Line - the boundary line behind
each basket; also called the baseline.
● Fast Break - a basketball play that
begins with a defensive rebound by a player who immediately sends an outlet pass toward midcourt to his waiting teammates; these teammates can sprint to their basket and quickly shoot before enough opponents catch up to stop them.
● Field Goal - when the basketball enters the basket from above during play; worth 2 points, or 3 points if the shooter was standing behind the 3-point line. ● Forwards - the two basketball players on the team that are responsible for rebounding and scoring close up to the basket. They are usually taller than the guards. ● Foul Lane - the painted area bordered by the end line and the foul line, outside which players must stand during a free-throw; also the area an offensive basketball player cannot spend more than 3-seconds at a time in. ● Foul Line - the line 15' from the backboard and parallel to the end line from which basketball players shoot free-throws. ● Guards - the two basketball players who usually handle setting up plays and passing to teammates closer to the basket. ● Jump Ball - Two opposing basketball players jump for a basketball an official toss above and between them. ● Layup - a close up shot taken after dribbling to the basket. ● Offense - the team with possession of the basketball. ● Personal Foul - contact between basketball players that may result in injury or provide one team with
an unfair advantage; players may not push, hold, trip, hack, elbow, restrain or charge into an opponent.
● Rebound - when a basketball player
grabs a ball that is coming off the rim or backboard after a shot attempt; see offensive rebound and defensive rebound.
● Screen - when the offensive
basketball player stands between a teammate and a defender to give his teammate the chance to take an open shot.
● Shot Clock - a clock that limits the
time a team with the basketball has to shoot it to a given amount of time.
● Traveling - when the ball handler
takes too many steps without dribbling ; also called walking.
● Turnover - when the offense loses
possession through its own fault by passing the basketball out of bounds or committing a floor violation.
● Zone Defense - a defense where
each defender is responsible for an area of the court and must guard any player who enters that area
OVERVIEW OF THE TOPIC 3
For those who don't like going to the gym, an outdoor basketball court is your personal fitness club. Basketball works the core of your muscles and helps you stay fit and healthy. You
don't have to worry about having to leave your home because you can work out without having to travel.
Explore the court lines, markings & areas found on a typical basketball court along with comparing court sizes, markings used on the different levels of basketball.
BASKETBALL FACILITIES
Court dimensions The court is a flat, hard surface free from obstructions, 28m long and 15m wide, measured from the inner edge of the boundary line.
The backcourt is the team’s own basket, inbounds part of the backboard and the part of the playing court limited by their own end line, side lines and center line.
The front court consists of the opponents’ basket, inbounds part of the backboard and the part of the playing court limited by the end lines behind the opponents’ basket, side lines and inner edge of the center line nearest to the opponents’ basket.
Lines All lines are white, 5cm wide and clearly visible.
Boundary line
The playing court is limited by the boundary line, consisting of end lines and the side lines. These lines are not part of the playing court.
midpoint of the end line is
- The arc is joined to the parallel lines.
The 3-point line is not part of the 3- point field goal area.
Team bench areas
The team bench areas are marked outside the playing court limited by 2 lines. There must be 14 seats available in the team bench area for the team bench personnel which includes coaches, assistant coaches, substitutes, excluded players and team followers. Any other persons must be at least 2m behind the team bench.
Throw in lines
The two lines are 0 long and marked outside the playing court at the side line opposite the scorer’s table. The outer edges of the lines are 8 from the inner edge of the nearest end line.
No-charge semi-circle areas The no-charge semi-circle lines shall be marked on the playing courts, limited by: ● A semi-circle with a radius of 1 measured from the point on the floor beneath the exact center of the basket to the inner edge of the semi-circle.
The semi-circle is joined to:
● Two parallel lines perpendicular to the end lines, the inner edge 1 from the point on the floor beneath the exact center
of the basket, 0 in length and ending 1 from the inner edge of the end line. The no-charge semi-circle areas are completed by imaginary lines joining the ends of the parallel lines directly below the front edges of the backboards. The no-charge semi- circle lines are not part of the no- charge semi-circle areas.
Spectators All spectators must be seated at a distance of at least 5m from the outer edge of the boundary line of the playing court.
OVERVIEW OF THE TOPIC 4
Basketball is a simple game; it doesn’t require any equipment other than a hoop, a ball and a flat court. Even two players can play and have fun with basketball.
The only essential equipment in a basketball game is the ball and the court: a flat, rectangular surface with baskets at opposite ends.
BASKETBALL EQUIPMENT
There is some equipment needed to play a basketball game. The basketball equipment can be breaking down into three more categories court equipment, official’s equipment and players equipment. To make it clearer, here is a list of all the equipment used in basketball.
1. COURT EQUIPMENT
● FLOOR
The playing surface is made of either wood or maple and it has to be flat and rectangular in shape
● BALL
The most important thing for training is the ball. There are certain guidelines which one needs to follow when buying a basketball. For practicing, one can play with a rubber ball. For professional competitions, one needs to use an inflated ball made of leather. Official size of a basketball is 29 to 30 inches in circumference for men’s game and 28 inches in circumference for women’s game. It should weigh 18 to 22 ounces. When bounced off 6 feet from the floor, a well inflated ball should bounce 49 to 54 inches in height.
● BASKETBALL NET
The top of the hoop is 10 feet ( cm) above the ground. Regulation backboards are 6 feet (183 cm) wide by 3 feet (107 cm) tall. All basketball rims (hoops) are 18 inches (46 cm) in diameter.
● BASKETBALL SHOOTING EQUIPMENT
The hoop or basket is a horizontal metallic rim, circular in shape. This rim is attached to a net and helps one score a point. The rim is mounted about 4 feet inside the baseline and 10 feet above the court.
● BACKBOARD
The backboard is the rectangular board that is placed behind the rim. It helps give better rebound to the ball. The backboard is about 1800 mm in size horizontally and 1050 mm vertically. Many times, backboards are made of acrylic, aluminum, steel or glass.
● SCOREBOARD Scoreboard displays the time left in the period and running scores of the both teams. A scoreboard can be either digital or manual.
2. OFFICIALS EQUIPMENT
● UNIFORM OF OFFICIALS Officials wear a uniform prescribed by their respective governing body. Usually, officials are dressed in white and black striped shirts, black pants and black shoes. NBA officials wear gray shirts, black pants and black shoes.
● SCORE BOOK Score book is used by the scorekeeper who writes down scores and stats on it. Score book is something where you find summary of the whole game, names of the players, their positions and jersey numbers, details of each quarter and half etc.
● SHOT CLOCK
The offense is allowed a maximum of 24 seconds to have a ball in hand before shooting. These 24 seconds are counted on the shot clock. If the offense fails to shoot a ball that hits
that other areas of your game have improved, too.
Shooting
Let’s face it, shooting may be the most important skill to have. After all, without hitting shot you’re not likely to win any games. Properly holding, aiming and throwing the ball quickly, all while avoiding the defensive pressure can be a difficult thing to master. Many players “can shoot” but being “shot ready”, balanced and square to the basket while shooting with solid form – quickly – brings a lot of skill all together and in sequence – FAST.
A great shot takes a lot of work to master, so you’ll want to start with the basics. In the off season, make it your goal to nail hundreds of shots a day. The exact number depends on your commitment and at what level you want to get to (not what level you are). Switch it up between layups, jump shots and free throws in order to master all of them.
Passing
Since basketball is a team sport , passing is an aspect that you’re just going to have to learn. While this skill is a hard one to work on by yourself, mastering it really comes down to learning how to react quickly when under pressure from the other team. Accuracy is part of it but if you can’t quickly eye up your teammate and set the pass into motion, your accuracy doesn’t matter much.
Important! A great passer makes other players better as they’re set up to make a better play and “finish”. Great passers rarely turn the ball over, too. More scores, less turnovers = more wins. Your teammates will love playing with you, too. Smart coaches recognize great passers and their value, as well.
Dribbling Dribbling is easily the most important skill for any basketball player to master. Without good dribbling and ball handling skills you won’t be able to move down the court with the ball, which could mean you’ll end up with moving violations instead of points. It doesn’t matter how great your jump shot or free throw is if you can’t move the ball down the court legally.
Dedicate a set amount of time each day to just handling the ball and working on your dribbling and you’ll see progress in no time.
Footwork Great footwork is a significant part of most skills on the court. Whether it’s shooting, defending, rebounding or moving down the court, how you move your feet will play a role in how successful your plays are.
Spend time on all the fundamentals Regardless of which skills come the most naturally to you or which position you intend to pursue; you should spend at least some time working on each skill. Since most positions require the development of multiple skills in order
to be a successful player, the more you can add to your repertoire, the more well-rounded of a player you’ll be.
As you improve one area of your game, others are sure to naturally follow. Basketball fundamental skills often overlap and will be skills you draw on and improve for your entire career.
OVERVIEW OF THE TOPIC 6
Indulging yourself in recreational activities like Basketball. Participating in these leisure’s and recreational activities can foster a range of positive benefits for health, wellbeing and quality lifestyle.
Playing with Basketball will develop your physical fitness and wellness in terms of regular practice and it will develop competitiveness by means of playing it with your family members or friends.
Simplified Rules in Basketball
● Length of a basketball game ● The basketball game consists of four quarters of 10 minutes each. ● Teams play one-way for two quarters, the other way for the next two. ● There is a two-minute interval between the first and second period, and also between the third and fourth period, with 15 minutes for halftime. ● Coaches can call two one-minute timeouts at any time during the first half and three timeouts in the second half. ● The clock stops when the referee's whistle blows. It stays stopped if free
throws are being taken and starts again when the ball touches a player on court — so you get a full 40 minutes of actual basketball play. Time limits in basketball
There are also time limits on a player in possession of the basketball with five main rules: 24-second rule After a team gains possession of the ball, they have 24 seconds to shoot. Possession is handed to the other team if they fail to do so. 8-second rule When a player has the ball in their own half or ‘backcourt’, they have 8 seconds to move the ball over the halfway line into the ‘frontcourt’. Otherwise, they will lose possession. 5-second rule A closely guarded player holding the ball has 5 seconds to either pass or advance the ball toward the hoop. When called, possession of the ball goes to the opposite team. 3-second rule A player can only be in the opposition's rectangular ‘key’ area under the basket for 3 seconds. A foul will be called if the player does not leave within those 3 seconds. Types of basketball infringement
Basketball players can be penalized for making an infringement or foul on another player, with the loss of possession or the award of a ‘free throw’. ● Personal foul — this is when illegal body contact occurs between opposing players. Common examples are charging, blocking, holding, illegal
● Lay-up — a shot when a player moves to the basket with the ball and rolls it off his or her fingertips into the basket. ● Bank shot — a shot in which the ball touches the backboard before it goes into the hoop. ● Dunk (or Jam ) — a player slams the ball into the basket from jumping into mid-air. ● Hook shot — a one-handed shot with the shooter facing sideways to the hoop and arcing the ball over the defending player to score. ● Free throw — a free shot taken from the foul line as the result of a foul.
Pe notes
Course: Rhythmic Activities (PE002)
University: University of Caloocan City
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