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What is recursive static route

CCNA2 SUMMARY

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Computer Network

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Students shared 29 documents in this course

University

Lebanese International University

Academic year: 2022/2023

Listed bookCcna Routing and Switching Deluxe Study Guide: Exams 100-101 200-101 and 200-120

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What is recursive static route?

A recursive static route relies on the next hop router in order for packets to be

sent to its destination. A recursive static route requires two routing table lookups.

b. Why does a recursive static route require two routing table lookups?

It must first look in the routing table for the destination network and then look up

the exit interface/direction of the network for the next hop router.

How does a directly attached static route differ from a recursive static route?

A directly attached static route relies on its exit interface in order for packets to

be sent to its destination, while a recursive static route uses the IP address of the

next hop router.

How does a default route differ from a regular static route?

A default route, also known as the gateway of last resort, is the network route

used by a router when no other known route exists for a destination network. A

static route is used to route traffic to a specific network

Explain a fully specified route.

A fully specified route is a static route that is configured with an exit interface and

the next hop address

What command is used to trace a path from a PC to a destination?tracert

What is the administrative distance of a static route?

0 for directly attached and 1 for recursive

Is the IPv4 floating static route visible in the routing table? Explain

No. It is not being displayed because it is not the primary route. Routers will

only place the best path in the routing table and because this is the backup

route, it will only be visible in the routing table when the primary route goes

down.

On Edge_Router, administratively disable the exit interface of the primary route.

Edge_Router(config)# interface s0/0/

Edge_Router(config-if)# shutdown

Restore connectivity to the primary route.

Edge_Router(config)# interface s0/0/

Edge_Router(config-if)# no shutdown

Configure an IPv6 floating static route.

a. The IPv6 static default route to ISP1 is already configured. Configure an IPv

floating static default route with an administrative distance of 5. The route should

point to IPv6 address (2001:DB8:A:2::1) of ISP2.

Edge_Router(config)# ipv6 route ::/0 2001:DB8:A:2::1 5

Types of Static Routes

Floating Static Route

Branch(config)#ip route 172.16.5 255.255.255 S0/0/

Branch(config)#ip route 172.16.5 255.255.255 S0/0/1 5

▪ Dynamic routing is the best choice for large networks

▪ Dynamic routing protocols help the network administrator manage the network:

Providing redundant paths
Automatically implementing the alternate path when a link goes down.

▪ Use the show ip protocols command to verify that RIPv2 is configured.

▪ Use the show ip route command to verify the RIPv2 routes in the routing table.

▪ Sending RIP updates to LANs wastes bandwidth, wastes resources, and is a security risk.

▪ Use the passive-interface router configuration command to stop routing updates out

the interface. Still allows that network to be advertised to other routers.

Routes to remote networks contain the

following information:

Route source – how route was learned
Destination network
Administrative distance (AD) -

trustworthiness of the route.

Metric – value assigned to reach the

Creating VLAN

VLANs are helpful in the administration of logical groups, allowing members of a group to be easily moved, changed, or added.

VLAN Assignment

Assigning Ports to VLANs

show interfaces f0/1 switchport

Show interface trunk

Previously, PCs that shared the same network could ping each other

successfully. Try pinging between PC1 and PC4. Although the access ports are

assigned to the appropriate VLANs, were the pings successful? Why?

No, the pings failed because the ports between the switches are in VLAN 1 and

PC1 and PC4 are in

VLAN 10

What could be done to resolve this issue?

Configure the ports between the switches as trunk ports

(Verify loss of connectivity between PCs on the same network.

Although PC1 and PC4 are on the same network, they cannot ping one another. This is because the ports connecting the switches are assigned to VLAN 1 by default. In order to provide connectivity between the PCs on the same network and VLAN, trunks must be configured

)

Assign the VOICE VLAN to FastEthernet 0/11 on S3.

####### As shown in the topology, the S3 FastEthernet 0/11 interface connects to a Cisco IP Phone and

####### PC4. The IP phone contains an integrated three-port 10/100 switch. One port on the phone is

Switch(config-if)# switchport mode access

Switch(config-if)# switchport access vlan 20

Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/

Routerconfig-if)# ip address 10.10.10 255.255.

Routerconfig-if)#no shutdown

Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/

Routerconfig-if)# ip address 10.20.10 255.255.

Routerconfig-if)#no shutdown

2 nd case Router on a stick (with 2 sub interfaces) connected to trunk port of the switch

Switch(config)#interface FastEthernet0/15 // the switch port connected to the router

Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

Router(config)#interface fa0/0.

Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10

Router(config-subif)#ip address 10.10.10 255.255.

Router(config-subif)#exit

Router(config)#interface fa0/0.

Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 20

Router(config-subif)#ip address 10.20.10 255.255.

Router(config-subif)#exit

Router(config)#interface fa0/

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router#show vlans

Router#show interfaces fa0/

▪ Layer 2 switches cannot forward traffic between VLANs without the assistance of a

router.

▪ Inter-VLAN routing is a process for forwarding network traffic from one VLAN to

another, using a router.

▪ There are three options for inter-VLAN routing:

Legacy inter-VLAN routing
Router-on-a-Stick
Layer 3 switching using SVIs

Create an SVI for VLAN 1 having the following IP Address 192.168.0/24 and turn it on.

SW1(config)#interface vlan 1

SW1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0 255.255.

SW1(config-if)#no shutdown

SW1(config-if)#exit

Configure Legacy Inter-VLAN Routing

Configure Legacy Inter-VLAN Routing: Switch Configuration

Configure Legacy Inter-VLAN Routing

Configure Legacy Inter-VLAN Routing: Router Interface Configuration

interface range f0/11 - 1

▪ Configure Router-on-a-Stick Inter-VLAN Routing

Configure Router-on-a Stick: Switch Configuration

To enable inter-VLAN routing using router-on-a stick, start by enabling trunking on the

switch port that is connected to the router.

▪ Configure Router-on-a-Stick Inter-VLAN Routing

Configure Router-on-a Stick: Router Subinterface Configuration

Configure Switch Ports

Auto-MDIX

exit

The default gateway is the router

address and is used by the switch

to communicate with other

networks.

show controllers Ethernet-controller command to verify auto-MDIX settings

service password-encryption

Configure Switch Ports

Verifying Switch Port Configuration

Secure Remote Access

Configuring SSH

>telnet 192.168.

Open connection:

Pass: telpass

S1>enable

Pass:enpass

S1#

>ssh –l kassem 192.168.

Open connection:

Pass: sshpass

S1>enable

Pass:enpass

S1#

▪ Use the show port-security interface (name of interface) command to verify the

maximum number of MAC addresses allowed on a particular port and how many of

those addresses were learned dynamically using sticky.

▪ Notice that you must first shut the port down and then issue the no shutdown

command in order to use the particular port again after a security violation has

occurred.

Standard access control lists (ACLs) are router configuration scripts that control whether a router permits or denies packets based on the source address

▪ ACL's can perform the following tasks:

Limit network traffic to increase network performance. For example, video

traffic could be blocked if it's not permitted.

Wildcard 255.255.

The wildcard mask stipulates that anything will match.

Wildcard 0.0.

The wildcard mask stipulates that any host within the 192.168.1/24 network

will match.

Wildcard : subtract the subnet masks from 255.255.

host substitutes for the 0.0.0 mask

any substitutes for the 255.255.255 mask

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