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Summer 2019 Assignments AP Biology Worksheet
Molecular Biology (BCH-302)
The Women University Multan
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Name _______________________________________ Date ___________
AP BIOLOGY CHAPTERS 1-3 SUMMER WORKSHEET
GENERAL DIRECTIONS: QUESTIONS 1-16 REFER TO CHAPTER 1, QUESTIONS 17-35 REFER TO
CHAPTER 2, AND QUESTIONS 36-57 REFER TO CHAPTER 3
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
Place the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question in the blank. USE UPPERCASE LETTERS.
____ 1. What is the correct order for the hierarchy of biological organization from the least to the most complex? A. molecule, cell, tissue, organelle, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem B. molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem C. molecule, organelle, tissue, cell, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem D. molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, ecosystem, community
____ 2. How does DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) encode information? A. in the sequence of nucleotides. B. The DNA molecule is composed of many amino acids joined together to form a functional protein. C. in the number of each different nucleotide. D. in the different shapes of the DNA molecules.
____ 3. Which of the following statements is true about chemical nutrients in an ecosystem? A. They depend on sunlight as their source. B. They flow through the system, losing some nutrients in the process. C. They recycle within the ecosystem, being constantly reused. D. They exit the ecosystem in the form of heat.
____ 4. Which of the following attributes is common to both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? A. the use of DNA as the information storage molecule B. membrane-enclosed organelles C. generally about the same size D. the use of proteins as information storage molecules
____ 5. No amino acid molecule by itself can speed up or catalyze reactions between other molecules; however, when amino acids are joined together to make a protein with catalytic properties, the new structure (enzymatic protein) can speed up the rate of a specific chemical reaction. What does this illustrate? A. polymer duality B. the complexity/simplicity paradox C. emergent properties D. energy flow, processing, and utilization
____ 6. Which of the following properties or processes is not associated with all living things? A. evolutionary adaptation B. energy processing C. responding to the environment D. movement
View the animation at this link (mediaplayer.pearsoncmg/assets/secs-bio-intro-to-experimental-design) and then answer questions 7-14.
____ 7. Which of the following statements is not true of scientific experiments? A. They must occur under carefully controlled conditions found in a laboratory. B. They yield useful results regardless of whether the hypothesis is supported or rejected. C. They must be well documented. D. All of the above are true.
____ 8. In an experiment, investigators try to control all of the variables except one—the one that tests the hypothesis. Which of the following reasons is the primary rationale for controlling variables in an experiment? A. To enable investigators to repeat the test B. To create a control group C. To eliminate alternative explanations for the results of an experiment D. To guarantee that the scientist can carefully observe all reactions and process all experimental data
____ 9. Which of the following statements could not be supported or rejected by a scientific experiment? A. Grass is green because it contains chlorophyll. B. The first living cell on Earth came from outer space C. College students think football is more fun to watch than baseball. D. Corn seedlings grow more quickly when people talk to them.
____ 10. Which of the following statements is true of a hypothesis? A. A hypothesis can be proved. B. A hypothesis must always be written in “if” “then” form. C. A hypothesis can be supported or rejected through experimentation. D. The goal of scientific research is to prove the stated hypothesis.
____ 11. Which of the following variables did Pasteur change in his experiment to test the hypothesis of spontaneous generation? A. The length of time that the broth was boiled B. The length of time that the flasks were allowed to sit before being sampled for organisms C. The broth used in each flask D. The shape of the flask
____ 19. Different atomic forms of an element contain the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. What are these different atomic forms called? A. isotopes B. radioactive atoms C. ions D. isomers
____ 20. Radioactive isotopes can be used in studies of metabolic pathways because A. they are more reactive. B. their half-life allows a researcher to time an experiment. C. their location or quantity can be experimentally determined because of their radioactivity. D. their extra neutrons produce different colors that can be traced throughout the body.
____ 21. To fill the valence shell, an electrically neutral, unbonded atom with atomic number 8 must add _____ electrons. A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 8
____ 22. Atoms whose outer electron shells contain eight electrons tend to A. be stable and chemically nonreactive, or inert. B. be isotopes and very radioactive. C. be unstable and chemically very reactive. D. form covalent bonds in aqueous solutions.
____ 23. This atom can form up to _____ single covalent bond(s). A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
____ 24. Covalent bonds hold atoms together because they A. fill shells without giving atoms much charge. B. bring electrons closer to neutrons. C. use forces between nuclei as well as forces between electrons. D. do all of the above.
____ 25. What type of bond is joining the two hydrogen atoms? A. hydrogen B. ionic C. covalent D. hydrophobic
____ 26. Which of these figures correctly illustrates the nature of the bonding of H 2 O?
A.
B.
C.
D.
____ 32. Which statement about weak bonds is correct? A. Weak bonds are less important to living things than strong covalent bonds. B. Weak bonds are transient and easily reversible. C. Weak chemical bonds form only between atoms of similar electronegativity. D. Weak bonds are not important in the formation of emergent properties.
____ 33. The brackets are indicating a(n) _____ bond. A. hydrogen B. single (nonpolar) covalent C. polar covalent D. ionic
____ 34. Chemical equilibrium is reached when A. all of the reactants are converted to products. B. the rate at which matter is destroyed and the rate at which it is created offset each other. C. the reverse reaction begins to occur. D. the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate so that the concentrations of reactants and products remain the same.
____ 35. The tendency of an atom to pull electrons toward itself is referred to as its A. electronegativity. B. polarity. C. ionic potential. D. covalency.
____ 36. Each water molecule is joined to _____ other water molecules by ____ bonds. A. four ... polar covalent B. two ... hydrogen C. four ... hydrogen D. three ... ionic
____ 37. The unequal sharing of electrons within a water molecule makes the water molecule A. ionic. B. polar. C. change easily from a liquid to gaseous form. D. have a low surface tension.
____ 38. The slight negative charge at one end of one water molecule is attracted to the slight positive charge of another water molecule. What is this attraction called? A. a hydrophilic bond B. a covalent bond C. a hydrophobic bond D. a hydrogen bond
____ 39. Why does ice float in liquid water? A. The liquid water molecules have more kinetic energy and thus support the ice. B. Ice always has air bubbles that keep it afloat. C. Hydrogen bonds stabilize and keep the molecules of ice farther apart than the water molecules of liquid water. D. The crystalline lattice of ice causes it to be denser than liquid water.
____ 40. Which type of bonds must be broken for water to vaporize? A. ionic bonds B. hydrogen bonds C. nonpolar covalent bonds D. polar covalent bonds
____ 41. Select the statement that best describes a buffer. A. A buffer causes acidic solutions to become alkaline, and alkaline solutions to become acidic. B. A buffer prevents the pH of a solution from changing when an acid or base is added. C. A buffer resists change in pH by accepting hydrogen ions when acids are added to the solution and donating hydrogen ions when bases are added. D. Buffered solutions are always neutral, with a pH of 7.
____ 42. Hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil are A. nonpolar substances that repel water molecules. B. nonpolar substances that have an attraction for water molecules. C. polar substances that have an affinity for water. D. charged molecules that hydrogen-bond with water molecules.
____ 43. Which property of water allows dogs to cool themselves by panting? A. the formation of covalent bonds between water molecules B. water’s high heat of vaporization C. water's change in density when it condenses D. water's high surface tension
____ 44. Climates tend to be moderate near large bodies of water because A. a large amount of solar heat is absorbed during the gradual rise in temperature of the water. B. water releases heat to the environment as it cools. C. a great deal of heat is absorbed and released as hydrogen bonds break or form. D. all of the above.
____ 45. Why is water such an excellent solvent? A. As a polar molecule, it can surround and dissolve ionic and polar molecules. B. It forms ionic bonds with ions, hydrogen bonds with polar molecules, and hydrophobic interactions with nonpolar molecules. C. It has a high specific heat and a high heat of vaporization. D. It is wet and has a great deal of surface tension.
____ 52. Identical heat lamps are arranged to shine on identical containers of water and methanol (wood
alcohol), so that each liquid absorbs the same amount of energy minute by minute. The covalent
bonds of methanol molecules are non-polar, so there are no hydrogen bonds among methanol
molecules. Which of the following graphs correctly describes what will happen to the temperature of
the water and the methanol?
A.
B.
C.
D.
____ 53. What is the arrow pointing to?
A. hydrogen ion B. electron C. hydroxide ion D. hydronium ion
____ 54. What is the arrow pointing to?
A. water B. hydrogen ion C. proton D. hydroxide ion
____ 55. How does the pH of the solution on the right compare with that of the solution on the left?
A. The solution on the right is acidic relative to the solution on the left. B. Both of these solutions are equally acidic. C. The solution on the right is basic relative to the solution on the left. D. The solution on the right is neutral relative to the solution on the left.
____ 56. A pH of 6 is how many times more acidic than a pH of 9? A. 3 B. 30 C. 100 D. 1000
____ 57. How does the way a buffer stabilizes pH during addition of acid differ from the way the same buffer stabilizes pH during addition of base? A. In one case the buffer is strong; in the other case it's weak. B. The same buffer can't work for both acid and base. C. It's the same reaction running backward or forward. D. In one case it adds H+; in the other case it adds OH-.
61. Four hypotheses are listed below. Some are suitable for scientific testing and some are not. Identify
which hypotheses are not testable by the scientific method. Explain your choice(s).
1. Increasing numbers of deformities such as the extra limbs that have been noted in
many frog populations in North America are caused by infection by trematodes
(parasitic flatworms).
2. People with strong religious beliefs live more meaningful lives.
3. Humans and chimpanzees diverged from a common ancestor that lived 5–7 million
years ago.
4. People are more likely to survive cancer if they have a positive attitude.
- What is meant by the valence of an atom? How is valence related to the chemical behavior of an atom?
Summer 2019 Assignments AP Biology Worksheet
Course: Molecular Biology (BCH-302)
University: The Women University Multan
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