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CPE Student's Book Sample Pages
English Linguistics
Học viện Ngoại giao Việt Nam
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Contents
Eight piloted Practice Tests
Speaking Models
Full Listening Transcripts
Model Essays
####### Practice Tests for the Cambridge
Certificate of Proficiency in English
CPE
Student’s
Book
TOWER BRIDGE B O O K S
TEST 3
TOWER BRIDGE BOOKS
SAMPLE
Instructions
This section of the examination tests your understanding of spoken English. The listening section has three parts. There are 50 questions. Mark all your answers below.
Part 1: In this part of the test, you will hear short conversations. From the three answer choices, select the answer which means about the same thing as what you hear or that is true, based on what you hear. For example, listen to the con- versation:
You read: a. They will be working today. b. There is a match on TV today. c. They are watching a match today.
The correct answer is b. For the short conversations 1-14, mark your answers below. None of the conversations can be repeated. Please listen carefully. Do you have any questions?
a. Johnny didn’t go to school. b. Johnny is afraid of something. c. Johnny is playing with something.
a. She is very energetic. b. She wants to take up yoga. c. She has started eating beans.
a. The child is a thief. b. The child has nowhere to live. c. The child does not have parents.
a. He will probably go on the trip. b. They are both going on the trip. c. She will spend a lot of money on the trip.
a. He had an accident. b. He was given a fine. c. He was not punished.
a. Mark isn’t nervous. b. They are both going to see Mark. c. Mark is an experienced performer.
a. She has to work harder. b. She is not satisfied with her salary. c. Her job involves dealing with animals.
a. He is a freshman. b. He believes it’s easy to adapt. c. He didn’t receive good grades in his exams.
a. The thief was caught after he sold the painting. b. The thief was caught after he left the museum. c. The thief was caught before he left the museum.
a. Greg behaves badly because he is stressed. b. Greg behaves badly because he is her boss. c. Greg behaves badly because he has personal problems.
a. He is naïve. b. He feels sorry for her. c. He doesn’t believe her.
a. She doesn’t like shopping. b. She believes shopping is a waste of money. c. He believes buying a large amount of clothes is a waste of money.
13 a. Sam is inexperienced. b. They have regretted hiring Sam. c. They are going to hire somebody else.
- a. She has to work hard. b. He has to work more efficiently. c. He has a problem with time management.
Reading and Use of English Part 2 TEST 3
CPE 71
Reading and Use of English Part 2 For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning ()).
Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.
Example: 0 D R A I N
Brain Drain: is it inexorable?
Brain ( 0 ) ......... is just like bleeding. After a country or a nation has been (9) ......... a deadly blow in economic or financial (10) ........., its most talented and educated citizens begin to gush out of its ‘wound’, just like blood. It goes without (11) ......... that all people are free to put down roots wherever they like but, when this process takes on whopping (12) ........., it becomes alarming, with far-reaching implications for economy and society (13) ......... large. Simply put, brain drain is the process whereby human capital seeks and finds more favourable economic and professional conditions with a (14) ......... to plying a particular trade.
There are some ‘push factors’, forcing people to leave their country of origin, and some ‘pull factors’, drawing them in to a specific country. As often as not, economic or political instability, lack of freedom, religious intolerance, all forms of discrimination, high unemployment (15) ........., and poor working conditions are some of the most significant push factors that show young people the door. On the other hand, better- paid jobs, a stronger economy, political stability, a sanitised education or health system, and a rich culture are factors not to be sneezed (16) .........!
TOWER BRIDGE BOOKS
SAMPLE
Instructions
This section of the examination tests your understanding of spoken English. The listening section has three parts. There are 50 questions. Mark all your answers below.
Part 1: In this part of the test, you will hear short conversations. From the three answer choices, select the answer which means about the same thing as what you hear or that is true, based on what you hear. For example, listen to the con- versation:
You read: a. They will be working today. b. There is a match on TV today. c. They are watching a match today.
The correct answer is b. For the short conversations 1-14, mark your answers below. None of the conversations can be repeated. Please listen carefully. Do you have any questions?
a. Johnny didn’t go to school. b. Johnny is afraid of something. c. Johnny is playing with something.
a. She is very energetic. b. She wants to take up yoga. c. She has started eating beans.
a. The child is a thief. b. The child has nowhere to live. c. The child does not have parents.
a. He will probably go on the trip. b. They are both going on the trip. c. She will spend a lot of money on the trip.
a. He had an accident. b. He was given a fine. c. He was not punished.
a. Mark isn’t nervous. b. They are both going to see Mark. c. Mark is an experienced performer.
a. She has to work harder. b. She is not satisfied with her salary. c. Her job involves dealing with animals.
a. He is a freshman. b. He believes it’s easy to adapt. c. He didn’t receive good grades in his exams.
a. The thief was caught after he sold the painting. b. The thief was caught after he left the museum. c. The thief was caught before he left the museum.
a. Greg behaves badly because he is stressed. b. Greg behaves badly because he is her boss. c. Greg behaves badly because he has personal problems.
a. He is naïve. b. He feels sorry for her. c. He doesn’t believe her.
a. She doesn’t like shopping. b. She believes shopping is a waste of money. c. He believes buying a large amount of clothes is a waste of money.
13 a. Sam is inexperienced. b. They have regretted hiring Sam. c. They are going to hire somebody else.
- a. She has to work hard. b. He has to work more efficiently. c. He has a problem with time management.
Reading and Use of English Part 3 TEST 3
72 CPE
Reading and Use of English Part 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning ( 0 ).
Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.
Example: 0 T R A N S L U C E N T
TRANSLUCENT PEOPLE
( 0 ) ......... people have the tendency to glow from within. The way I see it, these people are the ones that, owing to an experience with sacred plants or ( 17 ) ......... practices, have come into contact with a deeper nature of self, and have attained a different way of perceiving reality. After that event, they feel the call and ( 18 ) ......... to move in a new direction, and a sense of ( 19 ) .......... Translucents refer to life as an endless process, like an unfolding of discovery and delight. Translucence is more a direction than a destination. Like heading North, the process doesn’t involve a specific point of ( 20 ) .......... It is a way of living life with art and humour, continuously coming back to a perennial here, always steeped in the ( 21 ) ......... of the view, and blessing each moment with a gift of creative presence.
Once they start to impugn and reinterpret some assumed beliefs about reality, they learn to transform the models and maps that they have inherited. Instead of following a doctrine, they embrace many teachers, and experience the whole of life as a teacher. Rather than conforming to the ways that have been handed down through society, they embody a radical feminisation of the spiritual life. Rather than denouncing the world, seeking ( 22 ) ........., they are actively involved, taking delight in the joys of life more than ever. Rather than building a holy or “spiritual” personality in any external way, their most easily distinguishable quality is a sense of ( 23 ) ......... and humour about themselves and their lives. They are plain, honest, deep and, at the same time, remarkably human. Their ( 24 ) ......... is proverbial.
TRANSLUCENCE
SPIRIT
CLEAR TRANSCEND
ARRIVE
VAST
CELIBATE
SIMPLE
HUMBLE
TOWER BRIDGE BOOKS
SAMPLE
Instructions
This section of the examination tests your understanding of spoken English. The listening section has three parts. There are 50 questions. Mark all your answers below.
Part 1: In this part of the test, you will hear short conversations. From the three answer choices, select the answer which means about the same thing as what you hear or that is true, based on what you hear. For example, listen to the con- versation:
You read: a. They will be working today. b. There is a match on TV today. c. They are watching a match today.
The correct answer is b. For the short conversations 1-14, mark your answers below. None of the conversations can be repeated. Please listen carefully. Do you have any questions?
a. Johnny didn’t go to school. b. Johnny is afraid of something. c. Johnny is playing with something.
a. She is very energetic. b. She wants to take up yoga. c. She has started eating beans.
a. The child is a thief. b. The child has nowhere to live. c. The child does not have parents.
a. He will probably go on the trip. b. They are both going on the trip. c. She will spend a lot of money on the trip.
a. He had an accident. b. He was given a fine. c. He was not punished.
a. Mark isn’t nervous. b. They are both going to see Mark. c. Mark is an experienced performer.
a. She has to work harder. b. She is not satisfied with her salary. c. Her job involves dealing with animals.
a. He is a freshman. b. He believes it’s easy to adapt. c. He didn’t receive good grades in his exams.
a. The thief was caught after he sold the painting. b. The thief was caught after he left the museum. c. The thief was caught before he left the museum.
a. Greg behaves badly because he is stressed. b. Greg behaves badly because he is her boss. c. Greg behaves badly because he has personal problems.
a. He is naïve. b. He feels sorry for her. c. He doesn’t believe her.
a. She doesn’t like shopping. b. She believes shopping is a waste of money. c. He believes buying a large amount of clothes is a waste of money.
13 a. Sam is inexperienced. b. They have regretted hiring Sam. c. They are going to hire somebody else.
- a. She has to work hard. b. He has to work more efficiently. c. He has a problem with time management.
Reading and Use of English Part 5 TEST 3
74 CPE
Reading and Use of English Part 5 You are going to read an extract from a novel. For questions 31-36, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best, according to the text.
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.
It was clear. He had clashed with himself. You could see that in his eyes, and it was his conviction that, were he to leave that place, almost none of them would ever remember his name.. course, the generous, popular priest, who had spent all his life praying for people, would directly ask him out on the frozen road about the purpose of his journey, without receiving any reply, just before 2011 stole by. He had just seen an angry but determined man trying to get rid of his cowardice, curse need, and live his life. At any rate, he wanted a kind of complete and utter confusion in his life! He seemed to long for inertia; he wanted to veer and not intervene. He was tired. He could no longer stand mockery and ingratitude, making a series of concessions. That’s why he was seriously thinking of disappearing once and for all! He couldn’t pluck up courage. He was infuriated with injustice; even its veneer overwhelmed him! He was once convinced he was the kind of person seeking difficulty in life. He longed to battle against the vicissitudes of life, where the truth resided. But in vain. The grandeur of his soul, though, heartlessness, and low blows, some people’s class mentality and priggishness—they weren’t more than twenty or thirty people—wearied him so much and made him buckle. Besides, he wasn’t the only one to buckle..’s red letter was proof enough. He was wan, colourless, but there was not a trace of spite on his face against those twenty people who had hurt him. It was the mentality they represented that he was faced with, not themselves. He had learnt to be magnanimous, and stick up for his beliefs, at a level of arguments, not personal altercations. He was ‘large’ when it came to behaviour, despite his humble beginnings.. was something important he had been trying to share with those ‘select few’, but they wouldn’t listen. Obviously, they thought they were impeccable compared to him! But now, he looked wooden, as if made of wax. No trace of emotion was inside of him.. something very strong would mobilise him and snap him out of his quagmire. Probably, something even stronger than the previous night he had shared with Jenny.. heart struck a pose in front of the mirror for her sake. It had his own authorisation to do it. But perhaps it wasn’t enough to mobilise him, unlike a tempestuous love affair with, say, Sarah.. real life, not in books! After all, the author must take all the risks of the road if he wants to stand any chance of leaving behind some recognisable traces. Yet, nothing was more awkward than that girl. It took him lots of strength and energy to repress his craving for her. Try as he might, he couldn’t regain his composure. What kind of a man, in such an era of necessity, would have the strength to concern himself with great love affairs? They were all children of necessity... That girl knew what it felt like always coming under fire. She damn well knew that only hunger could block people’s minds. Yet, she had the credentials to clash with need! She had the guts to bear the brunt of love, if she really wanted that, and give a fight on an equal footing. But that constant exposure to the road, apart from the cold you can catch, involves many other risks, such as making you too realistic to have any emotion or sensitivity. Still, it may help you realise the pure time of life!
TOWER BRIDGE BOOKS
SAMPLE
Instructions
This section of the examination tests your understanding of spoken English. The listening section has three parts. There are 50 questions. Mark all your answers below.
Part 1: In this part of the test, you will hear short conversations. From the three answer choices, select the answer which means about the same thing as what you hear or that is true, based on what you hear. For example, listen to the con- versation:
You read: a. They will be working today. b. There is a match on TV today. c. They are watching a match today.
The correct answer is b. For the short conversations 1-14, mark your answers below. None of the conversations can be repeated. Please listen carefully. Do you have any questions?
a. Johnny didn’t go to school. b. Johnny is afraid of something. c. Johnny is playing with something.
a. She is very energetic. b. She wants to take up yoga. c. She has started eating beans.
a. The child is a thief. b. The child has nowhere to live. c. The child does not have parents.
a. He will probably go on the trip. b. They are both going on the trip. c. She will spend a lot of money on the trip.
a. He had an accident. b. He was given a fine. c. He was not punished.
a. Mark isn’t nervous. b. They are both going to see Mark. c. Mark is an experienced performer.
a. She has to work harder. b. She is not satisfied with her salary. c. Her job involves dealing with animals.
a. He is a freshman. b. He believes it’s easy to adapt. c. He didn’t receive good grades in his exams.
a. The thief was caught after he sold the painting. b. The thief was caught after he left the museum. c. The thief was caught before he left the museum.
a. Greg behaves badly because he is stressed. b. Greg behaves badly because he is her boss. c. Greg behaves badly because he has personal problems.
a. He is naïve. b. He feels sorry for her. c. He doesn’t believe her.
a. She doesn’t like shopping. b. She believes shopping is a waste of money. c. He believes buying a large amount of clothes is a waste of money.
13 a. Sam is inexperienced. b. They have regretted hiring Sam. c. They are going to hire somebody else.
- a. She has to work hard. b. He has to work more efficiently. c. He has a problem with time management.
Reading and Use of English Part 5 TEST 3
CPE 75
She was familiar with roads, while he defied the torturous ones. He wasn’t fully conscious of them. He wasn’t even aware of her feelings, whether she loved him, that is.. looked just like an inexperienced boy in front of an open door, whose keys someone else holds! Now, more than ever before, since Jenny was involved. He too wanted her badly. She had earned his love. He might have stopped her from leaving, if her need hadn’t blocked his thought.., he would have clashed with himself head-on, after that staggering night. But Sarah was lodged in his heart, and that emotion would be heightened by a text message from her a few hours later, when he was already in the capital city, and he treated it with lots of scepticism...
31 What do we understand about the hero in the first paragraph? A He is a member of the clergy. B He experiences a kind of inner conflict. C He is a celebrity. D He won’t miss that place.
32 How could he be characterised? A as contrite B as despondent C as furious D as indifferent
33 What does he feel? A People try to undermine him. B He is neglected. C He needs to change the place where he lives. D He needs to explore the world.
34 What is implied about the hero? A He has children. B He has lived abroad. C He has stronger feelings for Sarah. D There is something he wants to hide.
35 What does the hero believe? A Love has no place in a world of need. B He is incapable of loving. C Very few people take risks. D He is drawn to Jenny.
36 What is understood about the era? A People find it hard to fall in love. B There is a lot of discrimination. C People are indifferent to one another. D There is abject poverty.
TOWER BRIDGE BOOKS
SAMPLE
Instructions
This section of the examination tests your understanding of spoken English. The listening section has three parts. There are 50 questions. Mark all your answers below.
Part 1: In this part of the test, you will hear short conversations. From the three answer choices, select the answer which means about the same thing as what you hear or that is true, based on what you hear. For example, listen to the con- versation:
You read: a. They will be working today. b. There is a match on TV today. c. They are watching a match today.
The correct answer is b. For the short conversations 1-14, mark your answers below. None of the conversations can be repeated. Please listen carefully. Do you have any questions?
a. Johnny didn’t go to school. b. Johnny is afraid of something. c. Johnny is playing with something.
a. She is very energetic. b. She wants to take up yoga. c. She has started eating beans.
a. The child is a thief. b. The child has nowhere to live. c. The child does not have parents.
a. He will probably go on the trip. b. They are both going on the trip. c. She will spend a lot of money on the trip.
a. He had an accident. b. He was given a fine. c. He was not punished.
a. Mark isn’t nervous. b. They are both going to see Mark. c. Mark is an experienced performer.
a. She has to work harder. b. She is not satisfied with her salary. c. Her job involves dealing with animals.
a. He is a freshman. b. He believes it’s easy to adapt. c. He didn’t receive good grades in his exams.
a. The thief was caught after he sold the painting. b. The thief was caught after he left the museum. c. The thief was caught before he left the museum.
a. Greg behaves badly because he is stressed. b. Greg behaves badly because he is her boss. c. Greg behaves badly because he has personal problems.
a. He is naïve. b. He feels sorry for her. c. He doesn’t believe her.
a. She doesn’t like shopping. b. She believes shopping is a waste of money. c. He believes buying a large amount of clothes is a waste of money.
13 a. Sam is inexperienced. b. They have regretted hiring Sam. c. They are going to hire somebody else.
- a. She has to work hard. b. He has to work more efficiently. c. He has a problem with time management.
Reading and Use of English Part 6 TEST 3
CPE 77
discrepancy, though, between grammar-oriented approaches to language teaching and the kind of language proficiency which we have dilated upon and undoubtedly forms the core of language testing is somewhat unwieldy and inexplicable.
42
Herein lies the role of literature in language teach- ing as a means of giving insights into the culture of the target language. Stripping language of its cul- tural distinctiveness may lead to unprecedented errors and misunderstandings making inroads into communication.
43
TOWER BRIDGE BOOKS
SAMPLE
Instructions
This section of the examination tests your understanding of spoken English. The listening section has three parts. There are 50 questions. Mark all your answers below.
Part 1: In this part of the test, you will hear short conversations. From the three answer choices, select the answer which means about the same thing as what you hear or that is true, based on what you hear. For example, listen to the con- versation:
You read: a. They will be working today. b. There is a match on TV today. c. They are watching a match today.
The correct answer is b. For the short conversations 1-14, mark your answers below. None of the conversations can be repeated. Please listen carefully. Do you have any questions?
a. Johnny didn’t go to school. b. Johnny is afraid of something. c. Johnny is playing with something.
a. She is very energetic. b. She wants to take up yoga. c. She has started eating beans.
a. The child is a thief. b. The child has nowhere to live. c. The child does not have parents.
a. He will probably go on the trip. b. They are both going on the trip. c. She will spend a lot of money on the trip.
a. He had an accident. b. He was given a fine. c. He was not punished.
a. Mark isn’t nervous. b. They are both going to see Mark. c. Mark is an experienced performer.
a. She has to work harder. b. She is not satisfied with her salary. c. Her job involves dealing with animals.
a. He is a freshman. b. He believes it’s easy to adapt. c. He didn’t receive good grades in his exams.
a. The thief was caught after he sold the painting. b. The thief was caught after he left the museum. c. The thief was caught before he left the museum.
a. Greg behaves badly because he is stressed. b. Greg behaves badly because he is her boss. c. Greg behaves badly because he has personal problems.
a. He is naïve. b. He feels sorry for her. c. He doesn’t believe her.
a. She doesn’t like shopping. b. She believes shopping is a waste of money. c. He believes buying a large amount of clothes is a waste of money.
13 a. Sam is inexperienced. b. They have regretted hiring Sam. c. They are going to hire somebody else.
- a. She has to work hard. b. He has to work more efficiently. c. He has a problem with time management.
Reading and Use of English Part 6 TEST 3
78 CPE
A Different situations require different styles. We use formal language when talking to our employers; we tend to be informal when addressing our parents or friends; we talk to children more slowly, trying to make our speech comprehensible enough for them. The innumerable sentences that may be permissible in the grammatical system of a language may not be potential utterances when it comes to communication. A cigarette is what I want may be a grammatically correct sentence, but it is highly unlikely that there will ever be any circumstances under which this sentence will be relegated to the status of an utterance. B For instance, when one says The table is black, we have an example of a proposition, since this sentence consists of a subject, a verb, and a complement. It is a complete sentence conveying a complete meaning about a particular state of affairs, in juxtaposition with the sentence The table is, which is incomplete, or The table are black, which is ungrammatical. A teacher adhering to a strict grammar- oriented approach to language teaching is likely to devote a lot of time to teaching grammatical rules, describing language in terms of tenses, syntax, semantics, and lexis, and prescribing the correct usage, although everyday life and experience have given the lie to the efficacy of this approach. Furthermore, grammar-oriented approaches have even led to significant misunderstandings and “misnomers,” as in the case of assigning the term tense to progressive or perfect aspect.
C It is widely acknowledged that grammar has played a central role in language teaching. Syllabus design and a wide diversity of ap- proaches to language teaching have relied on this assumption, namely, the fundamental role of grammar in second- or foreign-language learning. In spite of the tremendous impact that recent communicative approaches have had on the way we should tackle language in general, there seems to be a deeply in-
grained belief that grammar is, or should be, the teacher’s and learner’s main concern and goal. A lot of second- or foreign-language learners the world over have definitely been exposed to this philosophy of teaching and, notwithstanding the degree of linguistic com- petence that most of them have attained, it is only when they come in contact with other speakers that the unvarnished truth dawns on them: linguistic competence is only a vehicle for mastering a language. D For instance, a second- or foreign-language student should know that utterances such as Can you pass the salt? or It’s cold in here are not mere questions and statements, respectively. The former is not to be interpreted as a question referring to the hearer’s ability to perform the act described, but as an indirect directive requesting the performance of the act, whereas the latter is not to be thought of as an utterance describing a certain state of affairs, but one that should almost always be regarded as a hint, thus implicitly requesting the addressee to, say, close the window or to fetch a blanket.
E What we could glean from this brief discussion is the fact that grammar does not constitute a valid approach to the development of language proficiency. Grammar should always be sensitive and amenable to all those culture- specific assumptions underpinning language and communication, and it is not necessarily conducive to language proficiency.
F As far as the teacher is concerned, we could say that he or she is supposed to render the different voices ‘legitimate elements in the construction of pedagogy, particularly those groups that have been socially and economically marginalised’. Nevertheless, the very existence of the notion of “voice” maintains and promulgates the rules of “sameness/difference” that it seeks to violate, as inherent in it are structural notions about groups omitted from public participation.
TOWER BRIDGE BOOKS
SAMPLE
Instructions
This section of the examination tests your understanding of spoken English. The listening section has three parts. There are 50 questions. Mark all your answers below.
Part 1: In this part of the test, you will hear short conversations. From the three answer choices, select the answer which means about the same thing as what you hear or that is true, based on what you hear. For example, listen to the con- versation:
You read: a. They will be working today. b. There is a match on TV today. c. They are watching a match today.
The correct answer is b. For the short conversations 1-14, mark your answers below. None of the conversations can be repeated. Please listen carefully. Do you have any questions?
a. Johnny didn’t go to school. b. Johnny is afraid of something. c. Johnny is playing with something.
a. She is very energetic. b. She wants to take up yoga. c. She has started eating beans.
a. The child is a thief. b. The child has nowhere to live. c. The child does not have parents.
a. He will probably go on the trip. b. They are both going on the trip. c. She will spend a lot of money on the trip.
a. He had an accident. b. He was given a fine. c. He was not punished.
a. Mark isn’t nervous. b. They are both going to see Mark. c. Mark is an experienced performer.
a. She has to work harder. b. She is not satisfied with her salary. c. Her job involves dealing with animals.
a. He is a freshman. b. He believes it’s easy to adapt. c. He didn’t receive good grades in his exams.
a. The thief was caught after he sold the painting. b. The thief was caught after he left the museum. c. The thief was caught before he left the museum.
a. Greg behaves badly because he is stressed. b. Greg behaves badly because he is her boss. c. Greg behaves badly because he has personal problems.
a. He is naïve. b. He feels sorry for her. c. He doesn’t believe her.
a. She doesn’t like shopping. b. She believes shopping is a waste of money. c. He believes buying a large amount of clothes is a waste of money.
13 a. Sam is inexperienced. b. They have regretted hiring Sam. c. They are going to hire somebody else.
- a. She has to work hard. b. He has to work more efficiently. c. He has a problem with time management.
Reading and Use of English Part 7 TEST 3
80 CPE
Reading and Use of English Part 7 You are going to read an extract from a book on speech convergence and divergence. For questions 44- 53 , choose from the sections (A-E). The sections may be chosen more than once.
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.
In which section are the following mentioned?
The topic is inexhaustible. 44
A definition is provided. 45
People sometimes avoid correcting others. 46
We use language to get things done in our favour. 47
Some expressions are used to improve our relation to others. 48
Speakers accommodate their speech to make it easier for others to follow them. 49
There are linguistic differences between the sexes. 50
People can cut themselves off from the outside world through language. 51
People working in the same field are bound to speak in much the same way. 52
Many parameters are at work when it comes to language use. 53
TOWER BRIDGE BOOKS
SAMPLE
Instructions
This section of the examination tests your understanding of spoken English. The listening section has three parts. There are 50 questions. Mark all your answers below.
Part 1: In this part of the test, you will hear short conversations. From the three answer choices, select the answer which means about the same thing as what you hear or that is true, based on what you hear. For example, listen to the con- versation:
You read: a. They will be working today. b. There is a match on TV today. c. They are watching a match today.
The correct answer is b. For the short conversations 1-14, mark your answers below. None of the conversations can be repeated. Please listen carefully. Do you have any questions?
a. Johnny didn’t go to school. b. Johnny is afraid of something. c. Johnny is playing with something.
a. She is very energetic. b. She wants to take up yoga. c. She has started eating beans.
a. The child is a thief. b. The child has nowhere to live. c. The child does not have parents.
a. He will probably go on the trip. b. They are both going on the trip. c. She will spend a lot of money on the trip.
a. He had an accident. b. He was given a fine. c. He was not punished.
a. Mark isn’t nervous. b. They are both going to see Mark. c. Mark is an experienced performer.
a. She has to work harder. b. She is not satisfied with her salary. c. Her job involves dealing with animals.
a. He is a freshman. b. He believes it’s easy to adapt. c. He didn’t receive good grades in his exams.
a. The thief was caught after he sold the painting. b. The thief was caught after he left the museum. c. The thief was caught before he left the museum.
a. Greg behaves badly because he is stressed. b. Greg behaves badly because he is her boss. c. Greg behaves badly because he has personal problems.
a. He is naïve. b. He feels sorry for her. c. He doesn’t believe her.
a. She doesn’t like shopping. b. She believes shopping is a waste of money. c. He believes buying a large amount of clothes is a waste of money.
13 a. Sam is inexperienced. b. They have regretted hiring Sam. c. They are going to hire somebody else.
- a. She has to work hard. b. He has to work more efficiently. c. He has a problem with time management.
Reading and Use of English Part 7 TEST 3
CPE 81
Speech: Convergence and Divergence
A There are definitely occasions when we all accommodate to the speech of others. By the term accommodation is meant the tendency to imitate those features of speech, namely, register, pronunciation, frequency of phrases and grammatical patterns used, intonation, and so on—that is, one’s linguistic repertoire—that are adopted by our interlocutors. For instance, when a friend drops his aitches, thus pronouncing “house” as “‘ouse,” and we tend to do the same, at least in his presence, we have an example of speech convergence, in that we tend to converge towards his pronunciation. Furthermore, when we have the tendency to distinguish ourselves in speech, we have an example of speech divergence, in that we diverge from the speech of others. Imagine the conversation between a worker using vernacular forms, and a Professor of English Literature using formal language. As often as not, speech convergence signals that speakers are on the same wavelength, whereas speech divergence shows that respondents may deliberately contradict each other in choosing different modes of speech.
B Let us see the different ways in which a person may accommodate to the speech of his or her interlocutor and the reasons for doing so. For example, a teacher addressing his students or a mother talking to her baby may simplify their vocabulary and grammatical patterns in their attempt to make themselves understood. In this case, they converge downwards towards their addressees’ less advanced linguistic proficiency. How else could they put their message across? When a sociologist tries to explain a phenomenon, using simple vocabulary, he actually converges downwards towards all those who are not versed in the jargon. Of course, speech convergence involves many other cases, as well; when an acquaintance of ours pronounces “leak” as “lick,” it is probably
the case that, out of politeness, we will ignore her mistake and go on with the conversation.
C We may have a vested interest in pleasing our addressee, i., we may curry favour with her because we want her to lend us some money or help us with our Maths project! The same applies to a young employee who, aspiring to a salary rise or promotion, uses formal language when addressing his employers. In other words, he converges upwards towards them. Moreover, affective language and phatic expressions, such as Hello, how are you this morning? or I’m awfully sorry, are clear examples of speech convergence, inasmuch as they express solidarity, and enhance rapport. Finally, consider the speech of those coming from the same region or socio-economic and political background. Fashion designers coming from Athens or shepherds hailing from Crete tend to use much the same pronunciation and style.
D For obvious reasons, a speaker may deliberately diverge from the speech of his interlocutor, thus signalling his intention to disagree with, or even repudiate, him. For example, it is often the case that a fifteen-year old boy will regularly resort to swearing, especially when addressing his friends, as a means of running counter to his parents’ “au- thority.” At any rate, a lot of young people have a proclivity towards a different kind of register and pronunciation, so they may come out with, say, meeding, instead of meeting. In the same vein, mi- nority ethnic groups out to maintain their cultur- al identity and distinctiveness may use their own linguistic variety in interaction with majority group members. Another case of speech divergence is the linguistic behaviour of black people, who speak what has been called Black English, or that of French people, who do not deign, so to speak, to use any other language, even when asking for
TOWER BRIDGE BOOKS
SAMPLE
Instructions
This section of the examination tests your understanding of spoken English. The listening section has three parts. There are 50 questions. Mark all your answers below.
Part 1: In this part of the test, you will hear short conversations. From the three answer choices, select the answer which means about the same thing as what you hear or that is true, based on what you hear. For example, listen to the con- versation:
You read: a. They will be working today. b. There is a match on TV today. c. They are watching a match today.
The correct answer is b. For the short conversations 1-14, mark your answers below. None of the conversations can be repeated. Please listen carefully. Do you have any questions?
a. Johnny didn’t go to school. b. Johnny is afraid of something. c. Johnny is playing with something.
a. She is very energetic. b. She wants to take up yoga. c. She has started eating beans.
a. The child is a thief. b. The child has nowhere to live. c. The child does not have parents.
a. He will probably go on the trip. b. They are both going on the trip. c. She will spend a lot of money on the trip.
a. He had an accident. b. He was given a fine. c. He was not punished.
a. Mark isn’t nervous. b. They are both going to see Mark. c. Mark is an experienced performer.
a. She has to work harder. b. She is not satisfied with her salary. c. Her job involves dealing with animals.
a. He is a freshman. b. He believes it’s easy to adapt. c. He didn’t receive good grades in his exams.
a. The thief was caught after he sold the painting. b. The thief was caught after he left the museum. c. The thief was caught before he left the museum.
a. Greg behaves badly because he is stressed. b. Greg behaves badly because he is her boss. c. Greg behaves badly because he has personal problems.
a. He is naïve. b. He feels sorry for her. c. He doesn’t believe her.
a. She doesn’t like shopping. b. She believes shopping is a waste of money. c. He believes buying a large amount of clothes is a waste of money.
13 a. Sam is inexperienced. b. They have regretted hiring Sam. c. They are going to hire somebody else.
- a. She has to work hard. b. He has to work more efficiently. c. He has a problem with time management.
Writing Part 1 TEST 3
CPE 83
Writing Part 1 Read the two texts below.
Write an essay summarising and evaluating the key points from both texts. Use your own words throughout as far as possible, and include your own ideas in your answers.
Write your answer in 240-280 words.
Animal Rights
Animal rights defenders claim that people and animals are genetically different, so there is no point in conducting experiments on animals. It is better to use people directly, otherwise the results of experiments on animals cannot be valid.
Animal Testing
Animals cannot be seen on an equal footing, therefore their death is essential to humans’ survival. Torturing animals in the name of science may be thought of as ethical. But for animal testing, there would be very few medical advances.
Write your essay.
TOWER BRIDGE BOOKS
SAMPLE
Instructions
This section of the examination tests your understanding of spoken English. The listening section has three parts. There are 50 questions. Mark all your answers below.
Part 1: In this part of the test, you will hear short conversations. From the three answer choices, select the answer which means about the same thing as what you hear or that is true, based on what you hear. For example, listen to the con- versation:
You read: a. They will be working today. b. There is a match on TV today. c. They are watching a match today.
The correct answer is b. For the short conversations 1-14, mark your answers below. None of the conversations can be repeated. Please listen carefully. Do you have any questions?
a. Johnny didn’t go to school. b. Johnny is afraid of something. c. Johnny is playing with something.
a. She is very energetic. b. She wants to take up yoga. c. She has started eating beans.
a. The child is a thief. b. The child has nowhere to live. c. The child does not have parents.
a. He will probably go on the trip. b. They are both going on the trip. c. She will spend a lot of money on the trip.
a. He had an accident. b. He was given a fine. c. He was not punished.
a. Mark isn’t nervous. b. They are both going to see Mark. c. Mark is an experienced performer.
a. She has to work harder. b. She is not satisfied with her salary. c. Her job involves dealing with animals.
a. He is a freshman. b. He believes it’s easy to adapt. c. He didn’t receive good grades in his exams.
a. The thief was caught after he sold the painting. b. The thief was caught after he left the museum. c. The thief was caught before he left the museum.
a. Greg behaves badly because he is stressed. b. Greg behaves badly because he is her boss. c. Greg behaves badly because he has personal problems.
a. He is naïve. b. He feels sorry for her. c. He doesn’t believe her.
a. She doesn’t like shopping. b. She believes shopping is a waste of money. c. He believes buying a large amount of clothes is a waste of money.
13 a. Sam is inexperienced. b. They have regretted hiring Sam. c. They are going to hire somebody else.
- a. She has to work hard. b. He has to work more efficiently. c. He has a problem with time management.
Writing Part 2 TEST 3
84 CPE
Writing Part 2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in 280-320 words in an appropriate style.
2 A magazine has asked its readers to send in articles on a social issue. You decide to write an article in which you discuss the benefits of effective writing.
Write your article.
3 You belong to an English-language reading group which recently saw a play. You have agreed to write a review of the play for the group’s website. In your review, you should give your opinion of it.
Write your review.
4 You have worked as a volunteer at a sports camp, encouraging young people to engage in sports. You have been asked to write a report for the organisers’ website. You should provide a brief description of your duties and responsibilities, and evaluate the sports camp.
Write your report.
5 Write an answer to one of the following two questions based on one of the titles below. Write 5(a) or 5(b) at the beginning of your answer.
(a) Tracy Chevalier: Girl With A Pearl Earring
A literary magazine has asked readers to send in articles on ‘Creating Atmosphere in Novels’. You decide to write an article on Girl With A Pearl Earring in which you describe the atmosphere of secrecy and fear which Griet experienced in the Vermeer household. You should also explain how Griet’s relationships with two or three of the following characters added to her feelings of anxiety: Cornelia, Catharina, Maria Thins, and van Ruijven.
Write your article.
(b) Tobias Hill: The Cryptographer
You belong to a book club which has asked its members to write reports on the theme of trust in a novel of their choice. You decide to write a report recommending The Cryptographer, describing the part trust plays in the development of the story, and addressing how important trust is to at least two characters in the novel.
Write your report.
TOWER BRIDGE BOOKS
SAMPLE
Instructions
This section of the examination tests your understanding of spoken English. The listening section has three parts. There are 50 questions. Mark all your answers below.
Part 1: In this part of the test, you will hear short conversations. From the three answer choices, select the answer which means about the same thing as what you hear or that is true, based on what you hear. For example, listen to the con- versation:
You read: a. They will be working today. b. There is a match on TV today. c. They are watching a match today.
The correct answer is b. For the short conversations 1-14, mark your answers below. None of the conversations can be repeated. Please listen carefully. Do you have any questions?
a. Johnny didn’t go to school. b. Johnny is afraid of something. c. Johnny is playing with something.
a. She is very energetic. b. She wants to take up yoga. c. She has started eating beans.
a. The child is a thief. b. The child has nowhere to live. c. The child does not have parents.
a. He will probably go on the trip. b. They are both going on the trip. c. She will spend a lot of money on the trip.
a. He had an accident. b. He was given a fine. c. He was not punished.
a. Mark isn’t nervous. b. They are both going to see Mark. c. Mark is an experienced performer.
a. She has to work harder. b. She is not satisfied with her salary. c. Her job involves dealing with animals.
a. He is a freshman. b. He believes it’s easy to adapt. c. He didn’t receive good grades in his exams.
a. The thief was caught after he sold the painting. b. The thief was caught after he left the museum. c. The thief was caught before he left the museum.
a. Greg behaves badly because he is stressed. b. Greg behaves badly because he is her boss. c. Greg behaves badly because he has personal problems.
a. He is naïve. b. He feels sorry for her. c. He doesn’t believe her.
a. She doesn’t like shopping. b. She believes shopping is a waste of money. c. He believes buying a large amount of clothes is a waste of money.
13 a. Sam is inexperienced. b. They have regretted hiring Sam. c. They are going to hire somebody else.
- a. She has to work hard. b. He has to work more efficiently. c. He has a problem with time management.
Listening Part 2 TEST 3
86 CPE
Listening Part 2 You will hear a lecturer talking about diglossia. For questions 7-15, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase.
Strong diglossia is a situation 7 dialect and standard are different.
Weak diglossia occurs when the dialect is a(a) 8.
Belgian French displays a number of 9 that distinguish it from Standard French.
In Protestant regions of Europe where the Bible language was different from the
10 , the change didn’t occur in any great measure.
In northern Germany, in 11 , a parastandard High German was spoken.
Everywhere else in Germany, 12 by everyone.
In the twentieth century, the mass media have 13 the process.
The mass media carry the parastandard of the cultural centres to once 14 areas.
A(n) 15 wants to give the impression of being up-to-date.
TOWER BRIDGE BOOKS
SAMPLE
Instructions
This section of the examination tests your understanding of spoken English. The listening section has three parts. There are 50 questions. Mark all your answers below.
Part 1: In this part of the test, you will hear short conversations. From the three answer choices, select the answer which means about the same thing as what you hear or that is true, based on what you hear. For example, listen to the con- versation:
You read: a. They will be working today. b. There is a match on TV today. c. They are watching a match today.
The correct answer is b. For the short conversations 1-14, mark your answers below. None of the conversations can be repeated. Please listen carefully. Do you have any questions?
a. Johnny didn’t go to school. b. Johnny is afraid of something. c. Johnny is playing with something.
a. She is very energetic. b. She wants to take up yoga. c. She has started eating beans.
a. The child is a thief. b. The child has nowhere to live. c. The child does not have parents.
a. He will probably go on the trip. b. They are both going on the trip. c. She will spend a lot of money on the trip.
a. He had an accident. b. He was given a fine. c. He was not punished.
a. Mark isn’t nervous. b. They are both going to see Mark. c. Mark is an experienced performer.
a. She has to work harder. b. She is not satisfied with her salary. c. Her job involves dealing with animals.
a. He is a freshman. b. He believes it’s easy to adapt. c. He didn’t receive good grades in his exams.
a. The thief was caught after he sold the painting. b. The thief was caught after he left the museum. c. The thief was caught before he left the museum.
a. Greg behaves badly because he is stressed. b. Greg behaves badly because he is her boss. c. Greg behaves badly because he has personal problems.
a. He is naïve. b. He feels sorry for her. c. He doesn’t believe her.
a. She doesn’t like shopping. b. She believes shopping is a waste of money. c. He believes buying a large amount of clothes is a waste of money.
13 a. Sam is inexperienced. b. They have regretted hiring Sam. c. They are going to hire somebody else.
- a. She has to work hard. b. He has to work more efficiently. c. He has a problem with time management.
Listening Part 3 TEST 3
CPE 87
Listening Part 3 You will hear a discussion between two classmates. For questions 16-20, choose the answer (A, B, C, or D) which fits best, according to what you hear.
16 What seems to be the problem? A Tom has come down with the flu. B Stephen has just learnt something bad. C Tom suspects someone. D Stephen suspects someone.
17 What do we learn about Marion? A She tells lies. B She steals things. C She is aggressive. D She is uncooperative.
18 What happened the other day? A Tom caught Marion studying. B Stephen saw Marion stealing. C Tom caught Marion stealing. D Stephen saw Marion studying.
19 What does one of them suggest doing at first? A talking to Marion herself B telling her friend, Sarah C talking to Marion’s parents D going to the police
20 What do they finally decide to do? A not to speak to anyone B to talk to Marion herself C to go to the police D to call Sarah
TOWER BRIDGE BOOKS
SAMPLE
CPE Student's Book Sample Pages
Course: English Linguistics
University: Học viện Ngoại giao Việt Nam
